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26 produkter
26 produkter
Del 1081 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Uncertainty and Imprecision in Decision Making and Decision Support: New Challenges, Solutions and Perspectives
Selected Papers from BOS-2018, held on September 24-26, 2018, and IWIFSGN-2018, held on September 27-28, 2018 in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
1 632 kr
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This book gathers selected papers from two important conferences held on October 24–28, 2018, in Warsaw, Poland: theFifteenth National Conference of Operational and Systems Research, BOS-2018, one of the leading conferences in the field of operational and systems research not only in Poland but also at the European level; andthe Seventeenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and General Nets, IWIFSGN-2018, one of thepremiere conferences on fuzzy logic.The papers presented here constitute a fair and comprehensive representation of the topics covered by both BOS-2018 and IWIFSGN-2018, includingextensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, in particular on the intuitionistic fuzzy sets, as well as other topics in uncertainty and imprecision modeling, the Generalized Nets (GNs), a powerful extension of the traditional Petri net paradigm, and InterCriteria Analysis, a new method for feature selection and analyses in multicriteria and multi-attribute decision-making problems. The Workshop was dedicated to the memory of Professor Beloslav Riečan (1936–2018), a regular participant at the IWIFSGN workshops.
1 524 kr
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This book presents a new perspective on and a new approach to a wide spectrum of situations, related to data analysis, actually, a kind of a new paradigm.
1 524 kr
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This book presents a new perspective on and a new approach to a wide spectrum of situations, related to data analysis, actually, a kind of a new paradigm.
Del 1308 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Advances and New Developments in Fuzzy Logic and Technology
Selected Papers from IWIFSGN'2019 – The Eighteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets held on October 24-25, 2019 in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
1 632 kr
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This book is composed of selected papers presented at IWIFSGN'2019—The Eighteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets—held on October 24–25, 2019, in Warsaw, Poland, which is one of the main conferences on fuzzy logic, notably on extensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, in particular on the intuitionistic fuzzy sets. A considerable part of the conference sessions is also concerned with recent developments and challenges in the theory and applications of other topics exemplified by uncertainty, incompleteness and imprecision modeling, the Generalized Nets (GNs), a powerful extension of the traditional Petri net paradigm, and the InterCriteria Analysis, a new method for the feature selection and analyses in multicriteria and multiattribute decision-making problems. Some more general problems of computational and artificial intelligence, exemplified by evolutionary computations, machine learning, etc., are also dealt with. The papers included yielda good perspective on all of these important issues and problems.
Del 12871 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Flexible Query Answering Systems
14th International Conference, FQAS 2021, Bratislava, Slovakia, September 19–24, 2021, Proceedings
Häftad, Engelska, 2021
796 kr
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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Flexible Query Answering Systems, FQAS 2021, held virtually and in Bratislava, Slovakia, in September 2021.The 16 full papers and 1 perspective papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 17 submissions.
Del 338 - Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Uncertainty and Imprecision in Decision Making and Decision Support: New Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives
Selected papers from BOS-2020, held on December 14-15, 2020, and IWIFSGN-2020, held on December 10-11, 2020 in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2022
2 174 kr
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This book is composed of selected papers from the Sixteenth National Conference on Operational and Systems Research, BOS-2020, held on December 14-15, 2020, one of premiere conferences in the field of operational and systems research.
Del 127 - Studies in Big Data
Analysing Web Traffic
A Case Study on Artificial and Genuine Advertisement-Related Behaviour
Inbunden, Engelska, 2023
1 741 kr
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This book presents ample, richly illustrated account on results and experience from a project, dealing with the analysis of data concerning behavior patterns on the Web. The advertising on the Web is dealt with, and the ultimate issue is to assess the share of the artificial, automated activity (ads fraud), as opposed to the genuine human activity.After a comprehensive introductory part, a full-fledged report is provided from a wide range of analytic and design efforts, oriented at: the representation of the Web behavior patterns, formation and selection of telling variables, structuring of the populations of behavior patterns, including the use of clustering, classification of these patterns, and devising most effective and efficient techniques to separate the artificial from the genuine traffic.A series of important and useful conclusions is drawn, concerning both the nature of the observed phenomenon, and hence the characteristics of the respective datasets, and theappropriateness of the methodological approaches tried out and devised. Some of these observations and conclusions, both related to data and to methods employed, provide a new insight and are sometimes surprising. The book provides also a rich bibliography on the main problem approached and on the various methodologies tried out.
Del 127 - Studies in Big Data
Analysing Web Traffic
A Case Study on Artificial and Genuine Advertisement-Related Behaviour
Häftad, Engelska, 2024
1 741 kr
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This book presents ample, richly illustrated account on results and experience from a project, dealing with the analysis of data concerning behavior patterns on the Web. The advertising on the Web is dealt with, and the ultimate issue is to assess the share of the artificial, automated activity (ads fraud), as opposed to the genuine human activity.After a comprehensive introductory part, a full-fledged report is provided from a wide range of analytic and design efforts, oriented at: the representation of the Web behavior patterns, formation and selection of telling variables, structuring of the populations of behavior patterns, including the use of clustering, classification of these patterns, and devising most effective and efficient techniques to separate the artificial from the genuine traffic.A series of important and useful conclusions is drawn, concerning both the nature of the observed phenomenon, and hence the characteristics of the respective datasets, and theappropriateness of the methodological approaches tried out and devised. Some of these observations and conclusions, both related to data and to methods employed, provide a new insight and are sometimes surprising. The book provides also a rich bibliography on the main problem approached and on the various methodologies tried out.
Del 793 - Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Uncertainty and Imprecision in Decision Making and Decision Support - New Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives
Selected Papers from BOS/SOR-2022, Held on October 13-15, 2022, and IWIFSGN-2022, Held on October 13-14, 2022, in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2023
2 391 kr
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This volume is composed of selected papers from two conferences held in Warsaw, Poland on October 13-15, 2022: the BOS/SOR’2022 - National Conference on Operational and Systems Research, one of premiere conferences in the field of operational and systems research, and the Twentith International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, IWIFSGN-2022, one of premiere conferences on fuzzy logic, notably on extensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, also comprising a considerable part on the Generalized Nets (GNs). A joint publication of selected papers from the two conferences follows a long tradition of such a joint organization, and – from a substantial point of view – combines systems modeling, systems analysis, broadly perceived operational research, notably optimization, decision making and decision support, with various aspects of uncertain and imprecise information and their related tools and techniques.
Del 1550 - Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Uncertainty and Imprecision in Decision Making and Decision Support - New Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives
Selected Papers from the IWIFSGN-2023 -Twenty First International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets Held on October 20, 2023 in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2025
2 174 kr
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This book contains selected papers from IWIFSGN-2023, the Twenty First International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, held on October 20, 2023, in Warsaw. This is one of premiere conferences on fuzzy logic, notably on extensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, in particular the intuitionistic fuzzy sets, also comprising a considerable part on the generalized nets (GNs) and the intercriteria analysis. The topics of the conference combine systems modeling, systems analysis, broadly perceived operational research, notably optimization, decision-making, and decision support, with various aspects of uncertain and imprecise information and their related tools and techniques.
This book is composed of selected papers from two very important conferences, IWIFSGN'2024—Twenty Second International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets held in Warsaw, Poland, on October 18, 2024, and BOS/SOR 2024, National Conference on Operational and Systems Research, held in Warsaw, Poland, on October, 17–18, 2024. IWIFSGN-2024 is one of premiere conferences on fuzzy logic, notably on extensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, in particular the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. Moreover, a considerable part of the book is devoted to the Generalized Nets (GNs). BOS/SOR-2924 is one of premiere conferences on operational and systems research and their applications. A joint publication of selected papers from the two conferences follows a long tradition of such a joint organization and—from a substantial point of view—combines systems modeling, systems analysis, broadly perceived operational research, notably optimization, decision making, and decision support, with various aspects of uncertain and imprecise information and their related tools and techniques. This has attracted been welcome by the research community interested in broadly perceived various aspects of uncertain and imprecise information and their related tools and techniques applied for the analysis and solution of many real-world problems.
1 091 kr
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This volume showcases contributions from internationally-known researchers in the field of information management. Most of the approaches presented here make use of fuzzy logic, introduced by L.A. Zadeh almost 50 years ago, which constitute a powerful tool to model and handle gradual concepts. What all of these contributions have in common is placing the user at the center of the information system, be it for helping him/her to query a data set, to handle imperfect information, or to discover useful knowledge from a massive collection of data. Researchers working in data and knowledge management will greatly benefit from this collection of up-to-date studies. This may be also an invaluable source of information for postgraduate students interested in advanced information management techniques.
Del 400 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Flexible Query Answering Systems 2015
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference FQAS 2015, Cracow, Poland, October 26-28, 2015
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
1 632 kr
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This volume contains the papers presented at the Eleventh Flexible Query Answering Systems 2015 (FQAS-2015) held on October 26-28, 2015 in Cracow, Poland. The international conferences on Flexible Query Answering Systems (FQAS) are a series of premier conferences focusing on the key issue in the information society of providing easy, flexible, and intuitive access to information and knowledge to everybody, even people with a very limited computer literacy. In targeting this issue, the Conference draws on several research areas, such as information retrieval, database management, information filtering, knowledge representation, soft computing, management of multimedia information, and human-computer interaction. The Conference provides a unique opportunity for researchers, developers and practitioners to explore new ideas and approaches in a multidisciplinary forum.
Del 401 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Novel Developments in Uncertainty Representation and Processing
Advances in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets – Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets
Häftad, Engelska, 2015
1 632 kr
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This volume contains, first of all, the papers presented at the Fourteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets (IWIFSGN-2015) held on October 26-28, 2015 in Cracow, Poland. Moreover, the volume contains some papers of a particular relevance not presented at the Workshop. The Workshop is mainly devoted to the presentation of recent research results in the broadly perceived fields of intuitionistic fuzzy sets and generalized nets initiated by Professor Krassimir T. Atanassov whose constant inspiration and support is crucial for such a widespread growing popularity and recognition of these areas. The Workshop is a next edition of a series of the IWIFSGN Workshops organized for years by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria, and WIT -- Warsaw School of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland, and co-organized by: Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, Universidade de Tras-Os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal, Prof. Asen Zlatarov University, Burgas, Bulgaria, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain, and the University of Westminster, Harrow, UK.
1 091 kr
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This volume presents recent research, challenging problems and solutionsin Intelligent Systems– covering the following disciplines: artificial andcomputational intelligence, fuzzy logic and other non-classic logics,intelligent database systems, information retrieval, information fusion,intelligent search (engines), data mining, cluster analysis, unsupervisedlearning, machine learning, intelligent data analysis, (group) decision supportsystems, intelligent agents and multi-agent systems, knowledge-based systems,imprecision and uncertainty handling, electronic commerce, distributed systems,etc. The book defines a common ground for sometimes seemingly disparateproblems and addresses them by using the paradigm of broadly perceived intelligentsystems. It presents a broad panorama of a multitude of theoretical andpractical problems which have been successfully dealt with using the paradigmof intelligent computing.
1 091 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This volume showcases contributions from internationally-known researchers in the field of information management. Most of the approaches presented here make use of fuzzy logic, introduced by L.A. Zadeh almost 50 years ago, which constitute a powerful tool to model and handle gradual concepts. What all of these contributions have in common is placing the user at the center of the information system, be it for helping him/her to query a data set, to handle imperfect information, or to discover useful knowledge from a massive collection of data. Researchers working in data and knowledge management will greatly benefit from this collection of up-to-date studies. This may be also an invaluable source of information for postgraduate students interested in advanced information management techniques.
Del 559 - Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Uncertainty and Imprecision in Decision Making and Decision Support: Cross-Fertilization, New Models and Applications
Selected Papers from BOS-2016 and IWIFSGN-2016 held on October 12-14, 2016 in Warsaw, Poland
Häftad, Engelska, 2017
1 632 kr
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This book presents selected papers from two important conferences held on October 12–14, 2016 in Warsaw, Poland: the Fourteenth National Conference of Operational and Systems Research, BOS-2016, one of the premiere conferences in the field of operational and systems research not only in Poland but also at the European level; and the Fifteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and General Nets, IWIFSGN-2016, one of the foremost conferences on fuzzy logic, notably addressing extensions of the traditional fuzzy sets, as well as the Generalized Nets (GNs), a powerful extension of the traditional Petri net paradigm. The scope of the BOS conferences includes all types of problems related to systems modeling, systems analysis, broadly perceived operational research, optimization, decision making, and decision support, to name but a few. In all these areas, virtually all models used have to take into account not only uncertainty in its traditional sense, but also imprecision of information. That is, in addition to traditional probabilistic and statistical tools and techniques, the use of methods based on fuzzy sets can also be sensible. Even more so, employing certain extensions of the classic concept of a fuzzy set can be very useful. Applying intuitionistic fuzzy sets, which are at the core of the IWIFSGN conferences, is a good example. Both conferences, BOS-2016 and IWIFSGN-2016, offered ideal venues for the exchange of ideas, cross-fertilization, and mutual inspiration.
2 174 kr
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This volume constitutes the proceedings of two collocated international conferences: EUSFLAT-2017 – the 10th edition of the flagship Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology held in Warsaw, Poland, on September 11–15, 2017, and IWIFSGN’2017 – The Sixteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, held in Warsaw on September 13–15, 2017. The conferences were organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department IV of Engineering Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Operational and Systems Research Society in collaboration with the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT), the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and various European universities.The aim of the EUSFLAT-2017 was to bring together theoreticians and practitioners working on fuzzy logic, fuzzy systems, soft computing and related areas and to provide a platform for exchanging ideas and discussing the latest trends and ideas, while the aim of IWIFSGN’2017 was to discuss new developments in extensions of the concept of a fuzzy set, such as an intuitionistic fuzzy set, as well as other concepts, like that of a generalized net. The papers included, written by leading international experts, as well as the special sessions and panel discussions contribute to the development the field, strengthen collaborations and intensify networking.
2 174 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This volume constitutes the proceedings of two collocated international conferences: EUSFLAT-2017 – the 10th edition of the flagship Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology held in Warsaw, Poland, on September 11–15, 2017, and IWIFSGN’2017 – The Sixteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, held in Warsaw on September 13–15, 2017. The conferences were organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department IV of Engineering Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Operational and Systems Research Society in collaboration with the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT), the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and various European universities.The aim of the EUSFLAT-2017 was to bring together theoreticians and practitioners working on fuzzy logic, fuzzy systems, soft computing and related areas and to provide a platform for exchanging ideas and discussing the latest trends and ideas, while the aim of IWIFSGN’2017 was to discuss new developments in extensions of the concept of a fuzzy set, such as an intuitionistic fuzzy set, as well as other concepts, like that of a generalized net. The papers included, written by leading international experts, as well as the special sessions and panel discussions contribute to the development the field, strengthen collaborations and intensify networking.
2 174 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This volume constitutes the proceedings of two collocated international conferences: EUSFLAT-2017 – the 10th edition of the flagship Conference of the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology held in Warsaw, Poland, on September 11–15, 2017, and IWIFSGN’2017 – The Sixteenth International Workshop on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets and Generalized Nets, held in Warsaw on September 13–15, 2017. The conferences were organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department IV of Engineering Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, and the Polish Operational and Systems Research Society in collaboration with the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology (EUSFLAT), the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and various European universities.The aim of the EUSFLAT-2017 was to bring together theoreticians and practitioners working on fuzzy logic, fuzzy systems, soft computing and related areas and to provide a platform for exchanging ideas and discussing thelatest trends and ideas, while the aim of IWIFSGN’2017 was to discuss new developments in extensions of the concept of a fuzzy set, such as an intuitionistic fuzzy set, as well as other concepts, like that of a generalized net. The papers included, written by leading international experts, as well as the special sessions and panel discussions contribute to the development the field, strengthen collaborations and intensify networking.
1 091 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
This volume presents recent research, challenging problems and solutionsin Intelligent Systems– covering the following disciplines: artificial andcomputational intelligence, fuzzy logic and other non-classic logics,intelligent database systems, information retrieval, information fusion,intelligent search (engines), data mining, cluster analysis, unsupervisedlearning, machine learning, intelligent data analysis, (group) decision supportsystems, intelligent agents and multi-agent systems, knowledge-based systems,imprecision and uncertainty handling, electronic commerce, distributed systems,etc. The book defines a common ground for sometimes seemingly disparateproblems and addresses them by using the paradigm of broadly perceived intelligentsystems. It presents a broad panorama of a multitude of theoretical andpractical problems which have been successfully dealt with using the paradigmof intelligent computing.
Artificial Neural Networks: Biological Inspirations – ICANN 2005
15th International Conference, Warsaw, Poland, September 11-15, 2005, Proceedings, Part I
Häftad, Engelska, 2005
1 091 kr
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This volume is the first part of the two-volume proceedings of the International C- ference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2005), held on September 11–15, 2005 in Warsaw, Poland, with several accompanying workshops held on September 15, 2005 at the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toru , Poland. The ICANN conference is an annual meeting organized by the European Neural Network Society in cooperation with the International Neural Network Society, the Japanese Neural Network Society, and the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. It is the premier European event covering all topics concerned with neural networks and related areas. The ICANN series of conferences was initiated in 1991 and soon became the major European gathering for experts in those fields. In 2005 the ICANN conference was organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, and the Nicolaus Copernicus Univ- sity, Toru , Poland. From over 600 papers submitted to the regular sessions and some 10 special c- ference sessions, the International Program Committee selected – after a thorough peer-review process – about 270 papers for publication. The large number of papers accepted is certainly a proof of the vitality and attractiveness of the field of artificial neural networks, but it also shows a strong interest in the ICANN conferences.
Artificial Neural Networks: Formal Models and Their Applications – ICANN 2005
15th International Conference, Warsaw, Poland, September 11-15, 2005, Proceedings, Part II
Häftad, Engelska, 2005
1 091 kr
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This volume is the first part of the two-volume proceedings of the International C- ference on Artificial Neural Networks (ICANN 2005), held on September 11–15, 2005 in Warsaw, Poland, with several accompanying workshops held on September 15, 2005 at the Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toru , Poland. The ICANN conference is an annual meeting organized by the European Neural Network Society in cooperation with the International Neural Network Society, the Japanese Neural Network Society, and the IEEE Computational Intelligence Society. It is the premier European event covering all topics concerned with neural networks and related areas. The ICANN series of conferences was initiated in 1991 and soon became the major European gathering for experts in those fields. In 2005 the ICANN conference was organized by the Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, and the Nicolaus Copernicus Univ- sity, Toru , Poland. From over 600 papers submitted to the regular sessions and some 10 special c- ference sessions, the International Program Committee selected – after a thorough peer-review process – about 270 papers for publication. The large number of papers accepted is certainly a proof of the vitality and attractiveness of the field of artificial neural networks, but it also shows a strong interest in the ICANN conferences.
1 632 kr
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The word consensus has been frequently used for centuries, perhaps millenia. People have always deemed it important that decisions having a long lasting impact on groups, countries or even civilizations be arrived at in a consensual manner. Undoubtedly the complexity of modern world in all its social, technological, economic and cultural dimensions has created new environments where consensus is regarded desirable. Consensus typically denotes a state of agreement prevailing in a group of agents, human or software. In the strict sense of the term, consensus means that the agreement be unanimous. Since such a state is often unreachable or even unnecessary, other less demanding consensus-related notions have been introduced. These typically involve some graded, partial or imprecise concepts. The contributions to this volume define and utilize such less demanding - and thus at the same time more general - notions of consensus. However, consensus can also refer to a process whereby the state of agreement is reached. Again this state can be something less stringent than a complete unanimity of all agents regarding all options. The process may involve modifications, resolutions and /or mitigations of the views or inputs of individuals or software agents in order to achieve the state of consensus understood in the more general sense. The consensus reaching processes call for some soft computational approaches, methods and techniques, notably fuzzy and possibilistic ones. These are needed to accommodate the imprecision in the very meaning of some basic concepts utilized in the definition of consensus as a state of agreement and as a process whereby this state is to be reached. The overall aim of this volume is to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the issuesrelated to consensus states and consensual processes.
Flexible Query Answering Systems
9th International Conference, FQAS 2011, Ghent, Belgium, October 26-28, 2011, Proceedings
Häftad, Engelska, 2011
549 kr
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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Flexible Query Answering Systems, FQAS 2011, held in Roskilde, Denmark, in October 2011. The 43 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on logical approaches to flexible querying, fuzzy logic in spatial and temporal data modeling and querying, knowledge-based approaches, multimedia, data fuzziness, reliability and trust, information retrieval, preference queries, flexible querying of graph data, ranking, ordering and statistics, query recommendation and interpretation, as well as on fuzzy databases and applications (8 papers presented in a special session).
1 632 kr
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The word consensus has been frequently used for centuries, perhaps millenia. People have always deemed it important that decisions having a long lasting impact on groups, countries or even civilizations be arrived at in a consensual manner. Undoubtedly the complexity of modern world in all its social, technological, economic and cultural dimensions has created new environments where consensus is regarded desirable. Consensus typically denotes a state of agreement prevailing in a group of agents, human or software. In the strict sense of the term, consensus means that the agreement be unanimous. Since such a state is often unreachable or even unnecessary, other less demanding consensus-related notions have been introduced. These typically involve some graded, partial or imprecise concepts. The contributions to this volume define and utilize such less demanding - and thus at the same time more general - notions of consensus. However, consensus can also refer to a process whereby the state of agreement is reached. Again this state can be something less stringent than a complete unanimity of all agents regarding all options. The process may involve modifications, resolutions and /or mitigations of the views or inputs of individuals or software agents in order to achieve the state of consensus understood in the more general sense. The consensus reaching processes call for some soft computational approaches, methods and techniques, notably fuzzy and possibilistic ones. These are needed to accommodate the imprecision in the very meaning of some basic concepts utilized in the definition of consensus as a state of agreement and as a process whereby this state is to be reached. The overall aim of this volume is to provide a comprehensive overview and analysis of the issuesrelated to consensus states and consensual processes.