Stephanie Schmitz – författare

Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Cologne (Englisches Seminar), course: Hauptseminar: Concepts of Britishness in British Cinema, language: English, abstract: The drama Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit tells the story of a young lesbian girl, Jeanette/Jess, who is raised in a repressive Pentecostal home by an overpowering mother. Jess tries to find her sexual identity in the context of the fanatical Pentecostal church. Although Jess herself does not have any problems with her sexuality combined with her religiosity at all, she gets into a conflict with the Christian community and into a deep inner conflict because the church regards her sexuality as a sin and herself as possessed by demons. This paper discusses how the different conflicts in the story arise and which impact the film's way of representing religion and lesbianism has on the viewer. It demonstrates how the ways in which the novel and the film version ofOrangespresent lesbianism work to naturalize and normalize it. By its representation of lesbian love and the church as its enemy Oranges challenges normative values and conventional standards.Oranges makes an attempt to reverse the viewer's former attitudes towards these opponents.

Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Cologne (Englisches Seminar), course: Hauptseminar: Writing Systems, language: English, abstract: Phonological developments in English after the standardization of the orthography and their consequences for the relationship between phonology and orthographyThis essay first explains what sound change is and then describes differences between Middle English and New English concerning consonant and especially vowel patterns due to the Great English Vowel Shift. Then the standardization of the orthography and phonological changes after the 17th century are discussed. Finally, the results of these changes for the relationship between phonology and orthography today are depicted. Sound change is referred to modifications in the language that lead to the introduction or loss of phonological elements (Lehmann 1992: 183). Sound change means a modification of distinctive features of the phonemes (Lehmann 1992: 191). Today sound changes are mostly indicated by means of distinctive features rather than by means of rules as it was in earlier times, because an indication by means of distinctive features is more precise. Generally, a sound can change in its place or manner of articulation, in the position of the velum or in its glottal articulation (Lehmann 1992: 191-193). Furthermore, changes may take place in the characteristic features of a vowel, i.e. in the degree of vowel opening, in the degree of fronting or in the labial articulation (Lehmann 1992: 193-194). A sound change can either be conditioned or unconditioned. Within a conditioned change an allophone of a phoneme changes only in a specific environment and stays the same in all others, whereas within an unconditioned change, a phoneme changes in all possible environments, which happens very seldom (Lehmann 1992: 190-191). Simple treatments of sound changes are normally unrealistic, i.e. to assume that all phonemes /x/ have become /y/ at time z (Lehmann 1992: 190). Usually a tabloid which shows that each phoneme /x/ became /y/ and each phoneme /y/ became /z/ depicts only the most common cases. But often a change is restricted to a certain environment and does not take place in others. Changes can be interpreted as addition, as alteration or as loss of a feature. Accordingly, when changes are described by rules they are described as rule addition, rule loss or rule recording. (Lehmann 1992: 204-205). A "e;sound change only occurs when there is a disruption of the phonological system"e;. This disruption may take place by two mechanisms, either by merger or by split. [...]

Begabungsförderung im Elementarbereich, ist das notwendig? Angesichts der aktuellen Bildungsdebatte ist die Frage eindeutig mit "Ja" zu beantworten. Doch wie gelingt das im pädagogischen Alltag? Und was ist überhaupt eine "Begabung"?Dagmar Bergs-Winkels und Stephanie Schmitz transferieren das Thema »Besondere Begabung« auf das vorschulische Bildungs- und Betreuungsfeld. Neben den klassischen Theorien zu Begabung und Diagnostik liegt der Schwerpunkt insbesondere in der praktischen Umsetzung von Fördermaßnahmen bzw. fördernden Rahmenbedingungen im Sinne einer auf Individuen bezogenen Pädagogik. Wie sehen erste Schritte aus? Welche Rolle nehmen die Fachkräfte ein? Wo finden sie  Informationen und Unterstützung? Welches Bild vom Kind braucht Begabungsförderung? Wie können Eltern kompetent unterstützt werden? Diese und weitere Aspekte werden anhand von Fallbeispielen bearbeitet.