Stephen Wiggins – författare

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biological sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in - search and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as nume- cal and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and reinforce the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mat- matical Sciences (AMS) series, whichwill focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. Pasadena, California J.E. Marsden Providence, Rhode Island L. Sirovich College Park, Maryland S.S. Antman Preface to the Second Edition This edition contains a signi?cant amount of new material. The main r- son for this is that the subject of applied dynamical systems theory has seen explosive growth and expansion throughout the 1990s. Consequently, a student needs a much larger toolbox today in order to begin research on signi?cant problems.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biological sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in - search and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as nume- cal and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and reinforce the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mat- matical Sciences (AMS) series, whichwill focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. Pasadena, California J.E. Marsden Providence, Rhode Island L. Sirovich College Park, Maryland S.S. Antman Preface to the Second Edition This edition contains a signi?cant amount of new material. The main r- son for this is that the subject of applied dynamical systems theory has seen explosive growth and expansion throughout the 1990s. Consequently, a student needs a much larger toolbox today in order to begin research on signi?cant problems.

The purpose of this book is to provide an accessible introduction to a new set of methods for the analysis of Lagrangian motion in geophysical ?ows. These methods were originally developed in the abstract mathem- ical setting of dynamical systems theory, through a geometric approach to di?erential equations that ultimately owes much to the insights of Poincar´ e (1892). In the 1980s and 1990s, researchers in applied mathematics and ?uid dynamics recognized the potential of this approach for the analysis of ?uid motion. Despite these developments and the existence of a substantial body of work on geophysical ?uid problems in the dynamical systems and geophysicalliterature,nointroductorytexthasbeenavailablethatpresents these methods in the context of geophysical ?uid ?ow. The text is meant to be accessible to geophysical ?uid scientists and students familiar with the mathematics of ordinary (mostly) and partial (sometimes) di?erential equations. It assumes little or no prior knowledge of dynamical systems theory. An e?ort is made to explain concepts from a physical point of view, and to avoid the theorem and proof constructions that appear in dynamical systems texts. We hope that this book will prove usefultograduatestudents,researchscientists,andeducatorsinanybranch of geophysical ?uid science in which the motion and transport of ?uid, and ofmaterialscarriedbythe?uid,isofinterest.Wehopethatitwillalsoprove interesting and useful to applied mathematicians who seek an introduction to an intriguing and rapidly developing area of geophysical ?uid dynamics.

The purpose of this book is to provide an accessible introduction to a new set of methods for the analysis of Lagrangian motion in geophysical ?ows. These methods were originally developed in the abstract mathem- ical setting of dynamical systems theory, through a geometric approach to di?erential equations that ultimately owes much to the insights of Poincar´ e (1892). In the 1980s and 1990s, researchers in applied mathematics and ?uid dynamics recognized the potential of this approach for the analysis of ?uid motion. Despite these developments and the existence of a substantial body of work on geophysical ?uid problems in the dynamical systems and geophysicalliterature,nointroductorytexthasbeenavailablethatpresents these methods in the context of geophysical ?uid ?ow. The text is meant to be accessible to geophysical ?uid scientists and students familiar with the mathematics of ordinary (mostly) and partial (sometimes) di?erential equations. It assumes little or no prior knowledge of dynamical systems theory. An e?ort is made to explain concepts from a physical point of view, and to avoid the theorem and proof constructions that appear in dynamical systems texts. We hope that this book will prove usefultograduatestudents,researchscientists,andeducatorsinanybranch of geophysical ?uid science in which the motion and transport of ?uid, and ofmaterialscarriedbythe?uid,isofinterest.Wehopethatitwillalsoprove interesting and useful to applied mathematicians who seek an introduction to an intriguing and rapidly developing area of geophysical ?uid dynamics.

In the past ten years, there has been much progress in understanding the global dynamics of systems with several degrees-of-freedom. An important tool in these studies has been the theory of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds and foliations of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. In recent years these techniques have been used for the development of global perturbation methods, the study of resonance phenomena in coupled oscillators, geometric singular perturbation theory, and the study of bursting phenomena in biological oscillators. "Invariant manifold theorems" have become standard tools for applied mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and virtually anyone working on nonlinear problems from a geometric viewpoint. In this book, the author gives a self-contained development of these ideas as well as proofs of the main theorems along the lines of the seminal works of Fenichel. In general, the Fenichel theory is very valuable for many applications, but it is not easy for people to get into from existing literature. This book provides an excellent avenue to that. Wiggins also describes a variety of settings where these techniques can be used in applications.

This book presents a development of invariant manifold theory for a spe­ cific canonical nonlinear wave system -the perturbed nonlinear Schrooinger equation. The main results fall into two parts. The first part is concerned with the persistence and smoothness of locally invariant manifolds. The sec­ ond part is concerned with fibrations of the stable and unstable manifolds of inflowing and overflowing invariant manifolds. The central technique for proving these results is Hadamard's graph transform method generalized to an infinite-dimensional setting. However, our setting is somewhat different than other approaches to infinite dimensional invariant manifolds since for conservative wave equations many of the interesting invariant manifolds are infinite dimensional and noncom pact. The style of the book is that of providing very detailed proofs of theorems for a specific infinite dimensional dynamical system-the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The book is organized as follows. Chapter one gives an introduction which surveys the state of the art of invariant manifold theory for infinite dimensional dynamical systems. Chapter two develops the general setup for the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Chapter three gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of invariant man­ ifolds. Chapter four gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of fibrations of invariant manifolds. This book is an outgrowth of our work over the past nine years concerning homoclinic chaos in the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The theorems in this book provide key building blocks for much of that work.

Provides a new and more realistic framework for describing the dynamics of non-linear systems. A number of issues arising in applied dynamical systems from the viewpoint of problems of phase space transport are raised in this monograph. Illustrating phase space transport problems arising in a variety of applications that can be modeled as time-periodic perturbations of planar Hamiltonian systems, the book begins with the study of transport in the associated two-dimensional Poincaré Map. This serves as a starting point for the further motivation of the transport issues through the development of ideas in a non-perturbative framework with generalizations to higher dimensions as well as more general time dependence. A timely and important contribution to those concerned with the applications of mathematics.

Mixing processes occur in many technological and natural applications, with length and time scales ranging from the very small to the very large. The diversity of problems can give rise to a diversity of approaches. Are there concepts that are central to all of them? Are there tools that allow for prediction and quantification? The authors show how a variety of flows in very different settings possess the characteristic of streamline crossing. This notion can be placed on firm mathematical footing via Linked Twist Maps (LTMs), which is the central organizing principle of this book. The authors discuss the definition and construction of LTMs, provide examples of specific mixers that can be analyzed in the LTM framework and introduce a number of mathematical techniques which are then brought to bear on the problem of fluid mixing. In a final chapter, they present a number of open problems and new directions.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biological sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the classical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in - search and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM). The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as nume- cal and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and reinforce the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and to encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mat- matical Sciences (AMS) series, whichwill focus on advanced textbooks and research-level monographs. Pasadena, California J.E. Marsden Providence, Rhode Island L. Sirovich College Park, Maryland S.S. Antman Preface to the Second Edition This edition contains a signi?cant amount of new material. The main r- son for this is that the subject of applied dynamical systems theory has seen explosive growth and expansion throughout the 1990s. Consequently, a student needs a much larger toolbox today in order to begin research on signi?cant problems.

The purpose of this book is to provide an accessible introduction to a new set of methods for the analysis of Lagrangian motion in geophysical ?ows. These methods were originally developed in the abstract mathem- ical setting of dynamical systems theory, through a geometric approach to di?erential equations that ultimately owes much to the insights of Poincar´ e (1892). In the 1980s and 1990s, researchers in applied mathematics and ?uid dynamics recognized the potential of this approach for the analysis of ?uid motion. Despite these developments and the existence of a substantial body of work on geophysical ?uid problems in the dynamical systems and geophysicalliterature,nointroductorytexthasbeenavailablethatpresents these methods in the context of geophysical ?uid ?ow. The text is meant to be accessible to geophysical ?uid scientists and students familiar with the mathematics of ordinary (mostly) and partial (sometimes) di?erential equations. It assumes little or no prior knowledge of dynamical systems theory. An e?ort is made to explain concepts from a physical point of view, and to avoid the theorem and proof constructions that appear in dynamical systems texts. We hope that this book will prove usefultograduatestudents,researchscientists,andeducatorsinanybranch of geophysical ?uid science in which the motion and transport of ?uid, and ofmaterialscarriedbythe?uid,isofinterest.Wehopethatitwillalsoprove interesting and useful to applied mathematicians who seek an introduction to an intriguing and rapidly developing area of geophysical ?uid dynamics.

Provides a new and more realistic framework for describing the dynamics of non-linear systems. A number of issues arising in applied dynamical systems from the viewpoint of problems of phase space transport are raised in this monograph. Illustrating phase space transport problems arising in a variety of applications that can be modeled as time-periodic perturbations of planar Hamiltonian systems, the book begins with the study of transport in the associated two-dimensional Poincaré Map. This serves as a starting point for the further motivation of the transport issues through the development of ideas in a non-perturbative framework with generalizations to higher dimensions as well as more general time dependence. A timely and important contribution to those concerned with the applications of mathematics.

Global Bifurcations and Chaos: Analytical Methods is unique in the literature of chaos in that it not only defines the concept of chaos in deterministic systems, but it describes the mechanisms which give rise to chaos (i.e., homoclinic and heteroclinic motions) and derives explicit techniques whereby these mechanisms can be detected in specific systems. These techniques can be viewed as generalizations of Melnikov's method to multi-degree of freedom systems subject to slowly varying parameters and quasiperiodic excitations. A unique feature of the book is that each theorem is illustrated with drawings that enable the reader to build visual pictures of global dynamcis of the systems being described. This approach leads to an enhanced intuitive understanding of the theory.

Global Bifurcations and Chaos: Analytical Methods is unique in the literature of chaos in that it not only defines the concept of chaos in deterministic systems, but it describes the mechanisms which give rise to chaos (i.e., homoclinic and heteroclinic motions) and derives explicit techniques whereby these mechanisms can be detected in specific systems. These techniques can be viewed as generalizations of Melnikov''s method to multi-degree of freedom systems subject to slowly varying parameters and quasiperiodic excitations. A unique feature of the book is that each theorem is illustrated with drawings that enable the reader to build visual pictures of global dynamcis of the systems being described. This approach leads to an enhanced intuitive understanding of the theory.

This book presents a development of invariant manifold theory for a spe­ cific canonical nonlinear wave system -the perturbed nonlinear Schrooinger equation. The main results fall into two parts. The first part is concerned with the persistence and smoothness of locally invariant manifolds. The sec­ ond part is concerned with fibrations of the stable and unstable manifolds of inflowing and overflowing invariant manifolds. The central technique for proving these results is Hadamard''s graph transform method generalized to an infinite-dimensional setting. However, our setting is somewhat different than other approaches to infinite dimensional invariant manifolds since for conservative wave equations many of the interesting invariant manifolds are infinite dimensional and noncom pact. The style of the book is that of providing very detailed proofs of theorems for a specific infinite dimensional dynamical system-the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The book is organized as follows. Chapter one gives an introduction which surveys the state of the art of invariant manifold theory for infinite dimensional dynamical systems. Chapter two develops the general setup for the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Chapter three gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of invariant man­ ifolds. Chapter four gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of fibrations of invariant manifolds. This book is an outgrowth of our work over the past nine years concerning homoclinic chaos in the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The theorems in this book provide key building blocks for much of that work.

In the past ten years, there has been much progress in understanding the global dynamics of systems with several degrees-of-freedom. An important tool in these studies has been the theory of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds and foliations of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. In recent years these techniques have been used for the development of global perturbation methods, the study of resonance phenomena in coupled oscillators, geometric singular perturbation theory, and the study of bursting phenomena in biological oscillators. "Invariant manifold theorems" have become standard tools for applied mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and virtually anyone working on nonlinear problems from a geometric viewpoint. In this book, the author gives a self-contained development of these ideas as well as proofs of the main theorems along the lines of the seminal works of Fenichel. In general, the Fenichel theory is very valuable for many applications, but it is not easy for people to get into from existing literature. This book provides an excellent avenue to that. Wiggins also describes a variety of settings where these techniques can be used in applications.

This book presents a development of invariant manifold theory for a spe­ cific canonical nonlinear wave system -the perturbed nonlinear Schrooinger equation. The main results fall into two parts. The first part is concerned with the persistence and smoothness of locally invariant manifolds. The sec­ ond part is concerned with fibrations of the stable and unstable manifolds of inflowing and overflowing invariant manifolds. The central technique for proving these results is Hadamard's graph transform method generalized to an infinite-dimensional setting. However, our setting is somewhat different than other approaches to infinite dimensional invariant manifolds since for conservative wave equations many of the interesting invariant manifolds are infinite dimensional and noncom pact. The style of the book is that of providing very detailed proofs of theorems for a specific infinite dimensional dynamical system-the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The book is organized as follows. Chapter one gives an introduction which surveys the state of the art of invariant manifold theory for infinite dimensional dynamical systems. Chapter two develops the general setup for the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Chapter three gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of invariant man­ ifolds. Chapter four gives the proofs of the main results on persistence and smoothness of fibrations of invariant manifolds. This book is an outgrowth of our work over the past nine years concerning homoclinic chaos in the perturbed nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The theorems in this book provide key building blocks for much of that work.

In the past ten years, there has been much progress in understanding the global dynamics of systems with several degrees-of-freedom. An important tool in these studies has been the theory of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds and foliations of normally hyperbolic invariant manifolds. In recent years these techniques have been used for the development of global perturbation methods, the study of resonance phenomena in coupled oscillators, geometric singular perturbation theory, and the study of bursting phenomena in biological oscillators. "Invariant manifold theorems" have become standard tools for applied mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and virtually anyone working on nonlinear problems from a geometric viewpoint. In this book, the author gives a self-contained development of these ideas as well as proofs of the main theorems along the lines of the seminal works of Fenichel. In general, the Fenichel theory is very valuable for many applications, but it is not easy for people to get into from existing literature. This book provides an excellent avenue to that. Wiggins also describes a variety of settings where these techniques can be used in applications.

Provides a new and more realistic framework for describing the dynamics of non-linear systems. A number of issues arising in applied dynamical systems from the viewpoint of problems of phase space transport are raised in this monograph. Illustrating phase space transport problems arising in a variety of applications that can be modeled as time-periodic perturbations of planar Hamiltonian systems, the book begins with the study of transport in the associated two-dimensional Poincaré Map. This serves as a starting point for the further motivation of the transport issues through the development of ideas in a non-perturbative framework with generalizations to higher dimensions as well as more general time dependence. A timely and important contribution to those concerned with the applications of mathematics.

Mathematics is playing an ever more important role in the physical and biological sciences, provoking a blurring of boundaries between scientific disciplines and a resurgence of interest in the modern as well as the clas­ sical techniques of applied mathematics. This renewal of interest, both in research and teaching, has led to the establishment of the series: Texts in Applied Mathematics (TAM) . The development of new courses is a natural consequence of a high level of excitement on the research frontier as newer techniques, such as numerical and symbolic computer systems, dynamical systems, and chaos, mix with and reinforce the traditional methods of applied mathematics. Thus, the purpose of this textbook series is to meet the current and future needs of these advances and encourage the teaching of new courses. TAM will publish textbooks suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate courses, and will complement the Applied Mathe­ matical Sciences (AMS) series, which will focus on advanced textbooks and research level monographs. Preface This textbook was developed from material presented in a year-long, grad­ uate-level course in nonlinear dynamics that I taught at Caltech over the past five years. It contains the basic techniques and results I believe to be necessary for graduate students to begin research in the field.

In this Festschrift dedicated to the 60th birthday of Gregory S. Ezra, selected researchers in theoretical chemistry present research highlights on major developments in the field. Originally published in the journal Theoretical Chemistry Accounts, these outstanding contributions are now available in a hardcover print format, as well as a special electronic edition. This volume provides valuable content for all researchers in theoretical chemistry and will especially benefit those research groups and libraries with limited access to the journal.

In this Festschrift dedicated to the 60th birthday of Gregory S. Ezra, selected researchers in theoretical chemistry present research highlights on major developments in the field. Originally published in the journal Theoretical Chemistry Accounts, these outstanding contributions are now available in a hardcover print format, as well as a special electronic edition. This volume provides valuable content for all researchers in theoretical chemistry and will especially benefit those research groups and libraries with limited access to the journal.

In this Festschrift dedicated to the 60th birthday of Gregory S. Ezra, selected researchers in theoretical chemistry present research highlights on major developments in the field. Originally published in the journal Theoretical Chemistry Accounts, these outstanding contributions are now available in a hardcover print format, as well as a special electronic edition. This volume provides valuable content for all researchers in theoretical chemistry and will especially benefit those research groups and libraries with limited access to the journal.

This book develops elementary classical mechanics in a setting that is appropriate for beginning university mathematics students without requiring a background in physics. It is an ideal first look at the subject for those who will go on to study more advanced aspects of the subject, such as Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, and quantum mechanics. These more advanced developments of mechanics are at the forefront of research in modern mathematics. Certainly, topics such as symplectic geometry, Lagrangian intersection theory, spectral theory, pseudodifferential operators, etc. do not require a background in classical mechanics, but studies in these areas are greatly enriched by a knowledge of their roots and how some of their motivational issues arose.

This Problems and Solutions book addresses the numerous problems in the textbook that develops elementary classical mechanics in a setting that is appropriate for beginning university mathematics students without requiring a background in physics. It is an ideal first look at the subject for those who will go on to study more advanced aspects of the subject, such as Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, and quantum mechanics. These more advanced developments of mechanics are at the forefront of research in modern mathematics. Certainly, topics such as symplectic geometry, Lagrangian intersection theory, spectral theory, pseudodifferential operators, etc. do not require a background in classical mechanics, but studies in these areas are greatly enriched by a knowledge of their roots and how some of their motivational issues arose.

This book develops elementary classical mechanics in a setting that is appropriate for beginning university mathematics students without requiring a background in physics. It is an ideal first look at the subject for those who will go on to study more advanced aspects of the subject, such as Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, and quantum mechanics. These more advanced developments of mechanics are at the forefront of research in modern mathematics. Certainly, topics such as symplectic geometry, Lagrangian intersection theory, spectral theory, pseudodifferential operators, etc. do not require a background in classical mechanics, but studies in these areas are greatly enriched by a knowledge of their roots and how some of their motivational issues arose.

Ordinary differential equations is a standard course in the undergraduate mathematics curriculum that usually comes after the first university calculus and linear algebra courses taken by a mathematics major. Such courses may also typically be attended by undergraduates from other areas of physical and social sciences, and engineering. The content of such a course has remained fairly static over time, despite the expansion of the topic into other disciplines as a result of the dynamical systems point of view.This core undergraduate course updated from the dynamical systems perspective can easily be covered in one semester, with room for projects or more advanced topics tailored to the interests of the students.

Ordinary differential equations is a standard course in the undergraduate mathematics curriculum that usually comes after the first university calculus and linear algebra courses taken by a mathematics major. Such courses may also typically be attended by undergraduates from other areas of physical and social sciences, and engineering. The content of such a course has remained fairly static over time, despite the expansion of the topic into other disciplines as a result of the dynamical systems point of view.This core undergraduate course updated from the dynamical systems perspective can easily be covered in one semester, with room for projects or more advanced topics tailored to the interests of the students.

The impact of quantum mechanics on our day-to-day life is growing at an exponential rate, of which most people are unaware. For example, the toaster is a prime example of a quantum mechanical device. While quantum mechanics arose as a subject in physics, quantum mechanical thinking has had, and continues to have, a broad impact on mathematics. For example, operator theory as we know it today would not exist without von Neumann's effort to put quantum mechanics on a solid mathematical foundation. This book is defined for undergraduate students of mathematics to obtain an introduction to quantum mechanical ideas, and the associated mathematics, without requiring an extensive background in physics.This book is focused around the following topics. 1) The Mathematical Structure of Quantum Mechanics. We develop the main mathematical structure of quantum theory in the setting of the accepted postulates of quantum mechanics. Dirac's bra-ket notation for the required linear algebra aspects will be utilized, as well as the mathematical and physical implications arising from the mathematical aspects of self-adjoint linear operators, with emphasis on the finite dimensional setting. 2) Dynamics of a Quantum Particle. We introduce the Schrodinger equation and discuss its physical meaning and mathematical structure. The required partial differential equations theory is elementary, and will be developed from scratch. 3) Measurement, Time Evolution, Uncertainty, and the Harmonic Oscillator. This builds on the previously developed mathematics and culminates with a detailed discussion of the quantum mechanical workhorse example — the harmonic oscillator. 4) Quantum Mechanics of Angular Momentum. Most of the book is developed in the context of the (relatively) simple one dimensional quantum systems. This topic goes into three dimensions and illustrates how very interesting mathematics can yield novel physical explanations that are unobtainable with classical methods. 5) The Postulates of Quantum Mechanics, Measurement, Composite Systems, Tensor Products, and Entanglement. This is the area that most students have heard of — quantum entanglement, "action-at-a- distance" and Bell's inequality. The mathematics will be at an elementary level (except possibly for tensor products, which are sadly neglected many linear algebra courses today, but which are literally exploding in a variety of current applications).