United Nations Office on Drugs and Labor – författare

To support Member States and the international community in efforts to prevent violence and strengthen responses, the fourth edition of the Global Homicide Study offers a comprehensive examination of intentional homicide trends and patterns around the world, and analysis of the complex dynamics behind the numbers. The study delves into different aspects of homicide, including the extent of intentional homicide in absolute numbers and rates. It highlights regional and subregional trends, demographics, age, and gender profiles of victims. It also explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on homicide trends. The analysis of homicide typologies is one of the main aspects of the Global Homicide Study, covering three categories: homicides related to criminal activities, interpersonal homicides, and socio-politically motivated homicides. A special section under chapter 4 examines how organized crime is driving homicide trends in Latin America and the Caribbean. In addition, the study considers the impacts of megatrends such as climate change, ageing populations, inequality, urbanization and technological shifts, with the aim of providing insights into how these larger global developments may intersect with and influence homicide rates. The Global Homicide Study also examines the criminal justice system's response to intentional homicide, seeking to identify areas for improvement and intervention.

This publication lists national manufacturers authorized by governments to manufacture or convert specific narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as manufacturers of precursor chemicals, on a country-by-country basis. Along with the name of manufacturers, readers will find contact details and the name of narcotic drugs and/or psychotropic substances each manufacturer is authorized to produce. An index in English, French and Spanish of all substances under international control reported to have been actually manufactured during the year appears at the end of the publication, indicating the country or countries in which manufacture took place and the manufacturers involved.

This publication lists national manufacturers authorized by governments to manufacture or convert specific narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as manufacturers of precursor chemicals, on a country-by-country basis. Along with the name of manufacturers, readers will find contact details and the name of narcotic drugs and/or psychotropic substances each manufacturer is authorized to produce. An index in English, French and Spanish of all substances under international control reported to have been actually manufactured during the year appears at the end of the publication, indicating the country or countries in which manufacture took place and the manufacturers involved.La présente publication répertorie les producteurs nationaux autorisés par les gouvernements à fabriquer ou à transformer des stupéfiants et des substances psychotropes spécifiques, ainsi que les fabricants de précurseurs chimiques, pays par pays. Outre les noms des fabricants, les lecteurs trouveront leurs coordonnées et le nom des stupéfiants et/ou substances psychotropes que chaque fabricant est autorisé à produire. Un index en anglais, français et espagnol, de toutes les substances placées sous contrôle international qui ont été effectivement fabriquées au cours de l'année apparaît à la fin de la publication, indiquant le ou les pays dans lesquels la fabrication a eu lieu et les fabricants concernés.Esta publicación enumera los fabricantes nacionales autorizados por los gobiernos para fabricar o convertir estupefacientes y sustancias psicotrópicas específicas, así como los fabricantes de precursores químicos, país por país. Junto al nombre de los fabricantes, el lector encontrará los datos de contacto y el nombre de los estupefacientes y/o sustancias psicotrópicas que cada fabricante está autorizado a producir. Al final de la publicación aparece un índice en español, francés e inglés de todas las sustancias sometidas a fiscalización internacional que, según se informa, fueron fabricadas durante el año, indicando el país o países en que tuvo lugar la fabricación y los fabricantes involucrados.

This publication lists national manufacturers authorized by governments to manufacture or convert specific narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as manufacturers of precursor chemicals, on a country-by-country basis. Along with the name of manufacturers, readers will find contact details and the name of narcotic drugs and/or psychotropic substances each manufacturer is authorized to produce. An index in English, French and Spanish of all substances under international control reported to have been actually manufactured during the year appears at the end of the publication, indicating the country or countries in which manufacture took place and the manufacturers involved.La présente publication répertorie les producteurs nationaux autorisés par les gouvernements à fabriquer ou à transformer des stupéfiants et des substances psychotropes spécifiques, ainsi que les fabricants de précurseurs chimiques, pays par pays. Outre les noms des fabricants, les lecteurs trouveront leurs coordonnées et le nom des stupéfiants et/ou substances psychotropes que chaque fabricant est autorisé à produire. Un index en anglais, français et espagnol, de toutes les substances placées sous contrôle international qui ont été effectivement fabriquées au cours de l'année apparaît à la fin de la publication, indiquant le ou les pays dans lesquels la fabrication a eu lieu et les fabricants concernés.Esta publicación enumera los fabricantes nacionales autorizados por los gobiernos para fabricar o convertir estupefacientes y sustancias psicotrópicas específicas, así como los fabricantes de precursores químicos, país por país. Junto al nombre de los fabricantes, el lector encontrará los datos de contacto y el nombre de los estupefacientes y/o sustancias psicotrópicas que cada fabricante está autorizado a producir. Al final de la publicación aparece un índice en español, francés e inglés de todas las sustancias sometidas a fiscalización internacional que, según se informa, fueron fabricadas durante el año, indicando el país o países en que tuvo lugar la fabricación y los fabricantes involucrados.

This publication lists national manufacturers authorised by governments to manufacture or convert specific narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as manufacturers of precursor chemicals, on a country-by-country basis. Along with the name of manufacturers, readers will find contact details and the name of narcotic drugs and/or psychotropic substances each manufacturer is authorised to produce. An index in English, French and Spanish of all substances under international control reported to have been actually manufactured during the year appears at the end of the publication, indicating the country or countries in which manufacture took place and the manufacturers involved.La présente publication répertorie les producteurs nationaux autorisés par les gouvernements à fabriquer ou à transformer des stupéfiants et des substances psychotropes spécifiques, ainsi que les fabricants de précurseurs chimiques, pays par pays. Outre les noms des fabricants, les lecteurs trouveront leurs coordonnées et le nom des stupéfiants et/ou substances psychotropes que chaque fabricant est autorisé à produire. Un index en anglais, français et espagnol, de toutes les substances placées sous contrôle international qui ont été effectivement fabriquées au cours de l'année apparaît à la fin de la publication, indiquant le ou les pays dans lesquels la fabrication a eu lieu et les fabricants concernés.

This third edition of UNODC's quadrennial World Wildlife Crime Report, aims to provide a tool to assess and improve responses to this hugely damaging form of criminal activity. The present report covers trends in the illicit wildlife trade, analyses harms and impacts, probes driving factors, and takes stock of responses. Wildlife crimes are diverse and often devastating in their impact and consequences. They hamper conservation efforts, damage ecosystems, and contribute to undermining our planet's capacity to mitigate climate change. They also infringe on the essential needs, income opportunities, and cultural rights of local communities, and corrode governance and the rule of law. Global recognition of this damage has grown steadily, and after two decades of concerted action, there is some cause for optimism. There has been tangible success against trafficking of some iconic species, while cross-border cooperation and criminalization of wildlife crime have both improved.

Turning the Tide: A Look Into the European Union to Southeast Asia Waste Trafficking Wave is the cornerstone publication in a series produced through the Unwaste project to take an in-depth look at the many facets of waste trafficking. This first report examines the movement of waste – both legal and illegal – between the European Union and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region from a global perspective, uncovering emerging patterns and their characteristics while highlighting the considerable progress made by countries in Southeast Asia to tackle waste trafficking and facilitate legal trade.

This report features the findings of a review of the legal frameworks that target waste trafficking in Member States of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The assessment was undertaken as a contribution of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to the work of the Unwaste project on tackling waste trafficking to support a circular economy, which is being implemented by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) in cooperation with UNEP. The Unwaste project focuses on combating trafficking in waste between Europe and Southeast Asia by promoting enhanced partnerships between the European Union and ASEAN Member States, in support of ongoing efforts towards a circular economy transition.

Worldwide, waste trafficking is increasingly recognized as a serious crime, with close links to corruption, organized crime and money laundering. This report will illustrate how corruption at various levels enables waste trafficking. It will also shed light on another key feature of criminal waste activity, financial crime, which can involve tax evasion or the laundering of illicit profits. The crimes – often large-scale, complex schemes – are in many instances carried out by organized criminal groups (OCGs) and networks and frequently include transnational elements.

Knowledge and evidence of the illegal online trade in waste are still scarce in the ASEAN region and globally. A rapid assessment by GRID-Arendal has highlighted the challenges of identifying the practice, which can occur over social media or via various e-commerce platforms, but there is little other information available. To gain a deeper insight into the issue, the UNODC Unwaste team organized a virtual consultation in February 2023 with experts on the topics of crimes that affect the environment and cybercrime. This report is based on the outcomes of the expert consultation and, where specifically noted, on the GRID-Arendal rapid assessment. It also takes into account the results of the first joint UNODC-UNEP Unwaste regional meeting, held in Bangkok in June 2023.

A global reference on drug markets, trends and policy developments, the World Drug Report offers a wealth of data and analysis. The Key findings and conclusions booklet provides an overview of selected findings, while the Special points of interest offers a framework for the main takeaways and policy implications that can be drawn from those findings. As well as providing an in-depth analysis of key developments and emerging trends in selected drug markets, the Contemporary issues on drugs booklet looks at several other developments of policy relevance. The World Drug Report 2024 is aimed not only at fostering greater international cooperation to counter the impact of the world drug problem on health, governance and security, but also at assisting Member States in anticipating and addressing threats posed by drug markets and mitigating their consequences.

The 2024 UNODC Global Report on Trafficking in Persons is the eighth of its kind mandated by the General Assembly through the 2010 United Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons. This edition of the Global Report provides a snapshot of the trafficking patterns and flows detected after the COVID-19 pandemic. It covers 156 countries and provides an overview of the response to the trafficking in persons at global, regional and national levels, by analyzing trafficking cases detected between 2020 and 2023. A major focus of this edition of the Report is Trafficking in Persons in the African continent.

The Afghanistan Drug Insights 2024 is a set of four reports that provide latest data and in-depth analysis on aspects of the evolving drug situation in Afghanistan. Opium production in Afghanistan remains low for the second consecutive year, with production at 433 tons in 2024, confirmed new estimates from the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). Although this figure represents a 30 per cent increase from 2023, production still remains 93 per cent below 2022 levels, when the de facto authorities began enforcing a country-wide drug ban.

Forum on Crime and Society is a United Nations sales publication issued by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), based in Vienna. It is published in the six official languages of the United Nations: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. Forum presents policy-oriented articles on crime prevention and criminal justice. It focuses on trends and practices in the field of criminal justice that are of special significance to the international community. The present issue of Forum is devoted to exploring the gender dimensions of corruption. It is the eleventh issue to be published and widely distributed to a varied readership. All contributions to the present issue of Forum have been written by the authors in their personal capacity and should not be regarded as official views or positions of the institutions they represent, or of UNODC.

The Technical publication on Narcotic Drugs contains information about the licit movement of the internationally controlled narcotic drugs included in the Schedules of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs. This includes information on cultivation of opiate raw materials, on extraction of alkaloids from opium, poppy straw and concentrate of poppy straw; on the manufacture of consumption, utilization and stocks of opiates and opioids; and international global trade in narcotic drugs as well as in individual countries/territories. The publication also contains the estimated requirements of narcotic drugs for each country and territory.

This resource book explores international law sources relevant to the use of force and the general responsibility of law enforcement authorities for the use of force. It discusses a number of instruments of force, including firearms, and the conditions under which these should be used. It further examines the possible use of force in a number of specific policing situations. Finally, it also outlines good practices for accountability in the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officials.

The present Manual presents practical approaches and measures that can be put in place, particularly in the justice system and in collaboration with other sectors, to prevent child recruitment and exploitation by terrorist and violent extremist groups. Pursuing the common goal of preventing child recruitment by terrorist and violent extremist groups involves working together, not only within the justice system but also with other systems such as child protection, education and health, to design early interventions for children at risk and ensure that these children and their families receive the protection, assistance and support that they need.

The 2017 WDR will include an updated overview of recent trends on production, trafficking and consumption of key illicit drugs as well as highlighting a thematic area of concern. The Report will maintain a global overview of the baseline data and estimates on drug demand and supply. This part will be descriptive and less analytical to fulfil one of the main functions of the report which is to provide the reference point of information on the drug situation worldwide. Other parts will be more analytical and will look in depth at few specific topics. Issues which will be highlighted in analysing new trends were selected on the basis of available research findings discussed within RAB and other internal and external stakeholders, including the members of the WDR Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC). The thematic focus of the 2017 Report will be on the links between drugs, terrorism, corruption, transnational organized crime and illicit financial flows.

This directory lists competent national authorities empowered to issue certificates and authorization for the import and export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances; and competent national authorities empowered to regulate or enforce national controls over precursors and essential chemicals; International bodies that might assist national competent authorities in case no authority is listed for a given country or region, or in case contact cannot be established with the listed authorities. The directory also includes contact details of national competent authorities or international bodies and is issued annually. Introductory texts in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.

The Global Synthetic Drugs Assessment 2020 provides an analysis of the global synthetic drugs market in two parts. The first part of this report presents a global thematic analysis of the key trends and emerging developments of the synthetic drugs market as well as the recent trends in the manufacture of synthetic drugs. The second part consists of regional overviews that highlight context-specific dynamics relating to the demand and supply of synthetic drugs in Africa; Central America, South America and the Caribbean; North America; Central Asia and Transcaucasia; East and South-East Asia and Oceania; the Near and Middle East; South Asia; South-West Asia and Europe.