W. J. Langford – författare

Concise Vector Analysis is a five-chapter introductory account of the methods and techniques of vector analysis. These methods are indispensable tools in mathematics, physics, and engineering. The book is based on lectures given by the author in the University of Ceylon. The first two chapters deal with vector algebra. These chapters particularly present the addition, representation, and resolution of vectors. The next two chapters examine the various aspects and specificities of vector calculus. The last chapter looks into some standard applications of vector algebra and calculus. This book will prove useful to applied mathematicians, students, and researchers.

Elementary Analysis, Volume 1 introduces the reader to elementary analysis in an informal manner and provides the practical experience in algebraic and analytic operations to lay a sound foundation of basic skills. The preliminary ideas are illustrated by applications to the simpler algebraic functions. Emphasis is on fundamental principles, rather than manipulative techniques. This volume is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with a discussion on number systems, covering concepts ranging from number scales to rational and real numbers, binary operations, and deductive methods. The following chapters deal with sets, vectors and congruences, and functions. Exponential and logarithmic functions, the straight line, and linear function are also considered. The remaining chapters focus on the quadratic function; the principle of mathematical induction and its applications; differentiation and the inverse process; and integration and its applications. Differential equations are presented, along with the definite integral. This book will be of particular value to teachers and students in training colleges.

The Number Systems and Operations of Arithmetic was written for the single purpose of explaining to elementary school teachers (both in-service and in-training) the nature of those basic principles of mathematics which form the foundations and structural framework of arithmetic, and how the familiar formal algorithms of arithmetic stem from these structural principles. The book is organized into two parts. Part I on number systems covers the origin of numerical thinking; natural operations with the natural numbers; natural laws for the natural operations; the inverse operations and convergence and the number systems generated by these operations; and classification of the number systems as abstract systems. Part II on computational algorithms discusses computations with natural numbers, rational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers. The ""answers"" to all the exercises are also provided in the main body of the text and it is hoped that the student will form the habit of looking there for them.

Lattice Theory presents an elementary account of a significant branch of contemporary mathematics concerning lattice theory. This book discusses the unusual features, which include the presentation and exploitation of partitions of a finite set. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the concept of several topics, including sets in general, the relations and operations, the relation of equivalence, and the relation of congruence. This text then defines the relation of partial order and then partially ordered sets, including chains. Other chapters examine the properties of meet and join and explain dimensional considerations. This book discusses as well certain relations between individual elements of a lattice, between subsets of a lattice, and between lattices themselves. The final chapter deals with distributive lattices and explores the complements in distributive lattices. This book is a valuable resource for college and university students of mathematics, logic, and such technologies as communications engineering.

A Collection of Problems in Analytical Geometry, Part I: Analytical Geometry in the Plane is a collection of problems dealing with higher analytical geometry. The book discusses elementary problems dealing with plane analytical geometry. The text presents topics on the axis and intervals on an axis and coordinates on a straight line. The book also defines what a rectangular Cartesian coordinates in a plane is, the division of an interval in a given ratio, and shows how to calculate the area of a triangle. The equation of a curve, the functions of two variables, and the concept of an equation of a curve are explained by the use of examples and problems.The author also addresses the geometrical properties of curves of the second order, the equations of a straight line, a circle, an ellipse, a hyperbola, and a parabola. The text then discusses the general theory of second-order curves and emphasizes the equations of the central curves of the second order. The author cites the simplification of these equations as being applicable to theoretical mechanics.This collection of problems can be used by teachers of analytical geometry and their students.

A Collection of Problems in Analytical Geometry, Part II: Three-Dimensional Analytical Geometry is a collection of problems dealing with analytical geometry in the field of theoretical mechanics. The book discusses rectangular Cartesian coordinates in three-dimensional space and the division of an interval in a given ratio. The sample questions concern problems dealing with isosceles triangles, vertices, and center of gravity of equal masses. The book defines the concept of a vector and then lists problems concerning the triangle law and the scalar product of two vectors. Other problems focus on the equations of a surface and a curve and on questions related to the intersection of three surfaces. The text lists other problems such as the equation of a plane, the direction-vector of a straight line, and miscellaneous problems pertaining to the equations of a plane, of a straight line, and of a sphere in a direction-vector. The selection is useful for professors in analytical geometry and for other courses in physic-mathematics and general engineering.

Elementary Analysis, Volume 2 introduces several of the ideas of modern mathematics in a casual manner and provides the practical experience in algebraic and analytic operations that lays a sound foundation of basic skills. This book focuses on the nature of number, algebraic and logical structure, groups, rings, fields, vector spaces, matrices, sequences, limits, functions and inverse functions, complex numbers, and probability. The logical structure of analysis given through the treatment of differentiation and integration, with applications to the trigonometric and logarithmic functions, is also briefly discussed. This volume begins with a description of the trigonometric functions of the general angle and an introduction to the binomial theorem and series. The rest of the chapters cover the numerical solution of equations, analytical geometry, Argand Diagram, numerical methods, and methods of approximation that form an important section of modern applied mathematics. This publication is valuable to teachers and students in training colleges.

Elementary Classical Hydrodynamics deals with the fundamental principles of elementary classical hydrodynamics, with emphasis on the mechanics of inviscid fluids. Topics covered by this book include direct use of the equations of hydrodynamics, potential flows, two-dimensional fluid motion, waves in liquids, and compressible flows. Some general theorems such as Bernoulli''s equation are also considered. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins by introducing the reader to the fundamental principles of fluid hydrodynamics, with emphasis on ways of studying the motion of a fluid. Basic concepts and quantities such as viscosity, density, and pressure, are considered, along with hydrostatics and the equation of motion. The discussion then turns to Bernoulli''s equation, the motion of a small element of fluid, velocity potential, and the kinetic energy of a uniform incompressible fluid. The chapters that follow explore two-dimensional fluid motion; a uniform inviscid, incompressible liquid having a free surface and upon which the only body force acting is uniform gravity; and a compressible gas with undisturbed uniform pressure and density, paying particular attention to the propagation and reflection of sound waves. This book is intended as an elementary introduction to the mechanics of inviscid fluids for first and second year undergraduates.

Analytical Geometry contains various topics in analytical geometry, which are required for the advanced and scholarship levels in mathematics of the various Examining Boards. This book is organized into nine chapters and begins with an examination of the coordinates, distance, ratio, area of a triangle, and the concept of a locus. These topics are followed by discussions of the straight line, straight lines, circle, systems of circles, ellipse, hyperbola, rectangular hyperbola and parabola. This work provides exercises for each section and each chapter ends with a miscellaneous set of examples. Answers are supplied at the end of the book. This book will prove useful to advanced analytical geometry students.

Analytic Trigonometry details the fundamental concepts and underlying principle of analytic geometry. The title aims to address the shortcomings in the instruction of trigonometry by considering basic theories of learning and pedagogy. The text first covers the essential elements from elementary algebra, plane geometry, and analytic geometry. Next, the selection tackles the trigonometric functions of angles in general, basic identities, and solutions of equations. The text also deals with the trigonometric functions of real numbers. The fifth chapter details the inverse trigonometric functions, while the sixth chapter covers the procedures for sketching graphs of trigonometric functions. The coverage of the selection also includes logarithm, solutions of triangles, polar coordinates, and complex numbers. The book will be of great use to both instructors and students of trigonometry.

Elementary Vectors is an introductory course in vector analysis which is both rigorous and elementary, and demonstrates the elegance of vector methods in geometry and mechanics. Topics covered range from scalar and vector products of two vectors to differentiation and integration of vectors, as well as central forces and orbits. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins with an introduction to relevant definitions; addition and subtraction of vectors; multiplication of a vector by a real number; position vectors and distance between two points; and direction cosines and direction ratios. The discussion then turns to scalar and vector products of two vectors; application of vector methods to simple kinematical and dynamical problems concerning the motion of a particle; and differentiation and integration of vectors. Central forces and orbits are also considered, along with the equation of a straight line and that of a plane. A parametric treatment of certain three-dimensional curves and curved surfaces, including the helix, is presented. This monograph will be of value to students, teachers, and practitioners of mathematics.