Yoichi Ando - Böcker

This self-contained reference brings together the signal processing and subjective and physical aspects of modern room acoustics. The authors introduce the basic technologies of sound field control at a level which assumes basic knowledge of the Fourier transform and avc phenomena. Techniques of signal analysis are presented, followed by discussion of sound propagation, intensity distributions, and subjective and physiological responses to sound fields and sound field control.Describes the applications of modern acoustic theoryContains exercises which help the reader develop a solid foundation for future study in the fieldSuitable as a graduate-level text or for study by those with a basic understanding of classical room acoustics theory

Signal Processing in Auditory Neuroscience: Temporal and Spatial Features of Sound and Speech discusses how the physical attributes of different sounds manifest in neural signals and how to tease-apart their different influences. It includes EEG/MEG as additional variables to be considered when studying neural mechanisms of auditory processing in general, specifically in speech.

Focuses on signal processing in human auditory-neuroscience Contains information that will be useful to researchers using a MEG/EEG recording of brain activity to study neural mechanisms of auditory processing and speech Gives an important overview and methodological background for techniques that are useful in human auditory-neuroscience

This book proceeds from basic theory to design studies of concert and multiple purpose halls. The author introduces a remarkable seat selection system for analysis of new and existing halls and proposes a diagnostic system for testing physical properties and calculating psychological attributes at any seat after a hall is built. The book also presents a theory of subjective preferences, vbased on a model of the auitory cognitive system in the brain. Readers can thus follow the temporal and spatial values that may be associated with the left and right cerebral hemispheres in listening to music and speech, respectively, in a room. From results of calculating subjective preference at each seat, for example, architects, musicians, and acousticical engineers concerned with the design and use of concert and multi-use halls may determine the best location to perform a certain type of music on the stage, as well as the best seats from which to listen. These results will also allow designers tooptimize the height of the canopy above the stage, and the positions of other reflectors to fuse performer and hall sound. At the end of the book such a design theory is described, incorporating temporal and spatial values that may be generalized in physical environmental design. In writing this book, the author has paid special attention to stimulating the left and the right hemispheres of the brain with both text and illustrations. Written at the level of advanced undergraduate students, this book should be of interest not only to acoustical engineers and architects, but also to musicians, acoustical consultants, audio engineers, and sound coordinators of concert halls and theaters, as well as researchers who are interested in fusing science and art.

Ando establishes a theory of subjective preference of the sound field in a concert hall, based on preference theory with a model of human auditory-brain system. The model uses the autocorrelation function and the interaural crosscorrelation function for signals arriving at two ear entrances and considers the specialization of human cerebral hemispheres. The theory may be applied to describe primary sensations such as pitch or missing fundamental, loudness, timbre, and duration. These four primary sensations may be formulated by the temporal factors extracted from the autocorrelation function associated with left hemisphere. Spatial sensations such as localization in the horizontal plane, apparent source width, and subjective diffuseness are described by spatial factors extracted from the interaural crosscorrelation function associated with the right hemisphere. Any important subjective responses of sound fields may be described by use of both the temporal and spatial factors. The theory may also be applied to visual sensations as well as subjective preference of visual environments. Remarkable findings in activities in both auditory-brain and visual-brain systems in relation to subjective preference as a primitive response are described.

This book proceeds from basic theory to design studies of concert and multiple purpose halls. The author introduces a remarkable seat selection system for analysis of new and existing halls and proposes a diagnostic system for testing physical properties and calculating psychological attributes at any seat after a hall is built. The book also presents a theory of subjective preferences, vbased on a model of the auitory cognitive system in the brain. Readers can thus follow the temporal and spatial values that may be associated with the left and right cerebral hemispheres in listening to music and speech, respectively, in a room. From results of calculating subjective preference at each seat, for example, architects, musicians, and acousticical engineers concerned with the design and use of concert and multi-use halls may determine the best location to perform a certain type of music on the stage, as well as the best seats from which to listen. These results will also allow designers tooptimize the height of the canopy above the stage, and the positions of other reflectors to fuse performer and hall sound. At the end of the book such a design theory is described, incorporating temporal and spatial values that may be generalized in physical environmental design. In writing this book, the author has paid special attention to stimulating the left and the right hemispheres of the brain with both text and illustrations. Written at the level of advanced undergraduate students, this book should be of interest not only to acoustical engineers and architects, but also to musicians, acoustical consultants, audio engineers, and sound coordinators of concert halls and theaters, as well as researchers who are interested in fusing science and art.

Ando establishes a theory of subjective preference of the sound field in a concert hall, based on preference theory with a model of human auditory-brain system. The model uses the autocorrelation function and the interaural crosscorrelation function for signals arriving at two ear entrances and considers the specialization of human cerebral hemispheres. The theory may be applied to describe primary sensations such as pitch or missing fundamental, loudness, timbre, and duration. These four primary sensations may be formulated by the temporal factors extracted from the autocorrelation function associated with left hemisphere. Spatial sensations such as localization in the horizontal plane, apparent source width, and subjective diffuseness are described by spatial factors extracted from the interaural crosscorrelation function associated with the right hemisphere. Any important subjective responses of sound fields may be described by use of both the temporal and spatial factors. The theory may also be applied to visual sensations as well as subjective preference of visual environments. Remarkable findings in activities in both auditory-brain and visual-brain systems in relation to subjective preference as a primitive response are described.

The acoustic quality of a concert hall has frequently poseda mysterious puzzle, namely, what physical aspects of thesound field can produce superior sound for the listener. Theauthor has been probing for more than adecade into thesubjective qualities preferred for musical and speechsounds. The result of his extensive investigations - thediscovery that four and only four independent parameterscontribute effectively to good acoustics - is summarized inthe present book. The capability of calculating acousticalquality at any seat in a proposed concert hall is a uniqueand quite useful aspect of Ando's design method. Alternativearchitectural schemes can be compared based on the number ofseats which exceeds a previously accepted minimum standardof acoustical quality.

This book focuses on opera house acoustics based on subjective preference theory; it targets researchers in acoustics and vision who are working in physics, psychology and brain physiology. This book helps readers to understand any subjective attributes in relation to objective parameters based on the powerful and workable model of the auditory system.It is reconfirmed here that the well-known Helmholtz theory, which was based on a peripheral model of the auditory system, may not well describe pitch, timbre and duration as well as the spatial sensations described in this book, nor overall responses such as subjective preference of sound fields and the annoyance of environmental noise.

This book deals with methods of measurement and evaluation of environmental noise based on an auditory neural and brain-oriented model. The model consists of the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the interaural cross-correlation function (IACF) mechanisms for signals arriving at the two ear entrances. Even when the sound pressure level of a noise is only about 35 dBA, people may feel annoyed due to the aspects of sound quality. These aspects can be formulated by the factors extracted from the ACF and IACF. Several examples of measuring environmental noise—from outdoor noise such as that of aircraft, traffic, and trains, and indoor noise such as caused by floor impact, toilets, and air-conditioning—are demonstrated. According to the noise measurement and evaluation, applications for sound design are discussed. This book provides an excellent resource for students, researchers, and practitioners in a wide range of fields, such as the automotive, railway, and electronics industries, andsoundscape, architecture, and acoustics.

In this book, brain-grounded theory of temporal and spatial design in architecture and the environment is discussed. The author believes that it is a key to solving such global problems as environmental disorders and severe climate change as well as conflicts that are caused by the ill-conceived notion of “time is money”. There are three phases or aspects of a person’s life: the physical life, the spiritual or mental life, and the third stage of life, when a person moves from middle age into old age and can choose what he or she wishes to do instead of simply what must be done. This book describes the temporal design of the environment based on the theory of subjective preference, which could make it possible for an individual to realize a healthy life in all three phases. In his previously published work, the present author wrote that the theory of subjective preference has been established for the sound and visual fields based on neural evidence, and that subjective preference is anoverall response of cooperating temporal and spatial factors, associated with the brain’s left and right hemispheres, respectively. In this book, based on that theory, some examples are shown for the temporal design of architecture and the environment, which may play important roles in the development of personality, thus inducing creativity. Also discussed is how all individuals may find their own personality and develop it according to the preferred direction of their individual lives.

This book deals with methods of measurement and evaluation of environmental noise based on an auditory neural and brain-oriented model. The model consists of the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the interaural cross-correlation function (IACF) mechanisms for signals arriving at the two ear entrances. Even when the sound pressure level of a noise is only about 35 dBA, people may feel annoyed due to the aspects of sound quality. These aspects can be formulated by the factors extracted from the ACF and IACF. Several examples of measuring environmental noise—from outdoor noise such as that of aircraft, traffic, and trains, and indoor noise such as caused by floor impact, toilets, and air-conditioning—are demonstrated. According to the noise measurement and evaluation, applications for sound design are discussed. This book provides an excellent resource for students, researchers, and practitioners in a wide range of fields, such as the automotive, railway, and electronics industries, andsoundscape, architecture, and acoustics.

This book focuses on opera house acoustics based on subjective preference theory; it targets researchers in acoustics and vision who are working in physics, psychology and brain physiology. This book helps readers to understand any subjective attributes in relation to objective parameters based on the powerful and workable model of the auditory system.It is reconfirmed here that the well-known Helmholtz theory, which was based on a peripheral model of the auditory system, may not well describe pitch, timbre and duration as well as the spatial sensations described in this book, nor overall responses such as subjective preference of sound fields and the annoyance of environmental noise.