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Coverage on heat treating in the ASM Handbook series is being expanded into several volumes, and ASM Handbook, Volume 4A, Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes is the first of multiple volumes on heat treating. Volume 4A introduces the basics of steel heat treating and provides in-depth coverage of the many steel heat treating processes. Coverage includes: Physical metallurgy of steel heat treatmentFundamentals of steel hardness and hardenabilityPractical aspects of hardenability as a key criterion in the selection of steelHardenability calculations and the use of hardenability dataFundamentals and practical aspects of steel quenchingExpanded coverage on quenching processesUpdates and expansion on annealing, tempering, austempering and martemperingNew articles on cleaning, subcritical annealing, austenitising, and quench partitioning of steel heat treatmentSignificant expansion on the fundamental and applied aspects of surface hardening by applied energy, carburising, carbonitriding, nitriding, and diffusion coatingsEditors and authors have also added charts, examples, and practical reference data for application purposes.

This ALL NEW ASM Handbook gives design, manufacturing, and material engineers a practical and comprehensive reference on the technologies and applications of induction heating and heat treatment. This book provides practitioners, students, engineers, and scientists the knowledge to more clearly understand and obtain solutions for typical induction heating problems that they encounter on an everyday basis.Continuing in the tradition of the ASM Handbook series, this Volume provides a unique combination of practical knowledge grasping ready-to-use diagrams, technical procedures, guidelines, and good practices with advanced theoretical knowledge emphasizing on specifics of induction processes compared to alternative technologies. An appreciable amount of material is devoted to practical aspects, including review of standard and customized induction equipment. Special attention is paid to describing quality assurance, process monitoring, maintenance and safety procedures, energy and environmental aspects, including control of magnetic field exposure and review of international standards and regulations.Written by internationally recognized experts, ASM Handbook Volume 4C covers the breadth and significance of induction heating and heat-treatment technologies and applications. Beginning with reviewing electrical, electromagnetic, heat transfer and material science fundamentals related to induction heating, along with coverage critical facets associated with this technology such as:Nonequilibrium nature of phase transformation and other metallurgical subtleties related to the specifics of induction hardening, tempering, stress relieving, heating prior to hot working and melting.Review of ASTM and SAE standards and guidelines in proper measuring of hardness case depth and heat affected zone.Pattern specification as well as issues and complications related to different hardness measuring techniques.Destructive and nondestructive testing.Selection of critical process parameters and inductor styles, heat pattern control, the use of magnetic flux concentrators, quench design subtleties as well as a review and explanation of common misconceptions and erroneous assumptions.Formation of residual and transient stresses and their impact on a performance of heat treated components.Temperature requirements for heating carbon steels, alloy steels, super alloys, titanium, aluminum and copper alloys and other materials prior to hot and warm working.Novel technological developments in heating billets, bars, tubes, rods and other metallic workpieces.Optimization procedures and strategies in obtaining optimal process control algorithms based on various technological criteria, real-life constrains and cost functions (e.g., maximizing throughput and temperature uniformity, energy effectiveness, minimizing required shop floor space and metal loss, etc.). Principles of multiobjective optimization of induction heating devices.Induction hardening of critical components, including gears, axle shafts, camshafts, crankshafts, and other components used in automotive and off-road machinery, aeronautic and aerospace engineering, farming, appliance, oil and gas industries.Failure analysis of induction heat treated components and comprehensive review of defects and abnormal characteristics.Good practices in designing and fabricating long-lasting induction coils and ways to avoid their premature failures.Special applications of electromagnetic induction, including melting glasses and oxides, optical fiber draw, nanoparticle heating and hyperthermia applications.Design principles and operation specifics of transistorized and thyristorized power supplies for induction heating needs.Modern computer modeling and specifics of simulation of induction thermal processes.

One of the first books new engineers and technicians read; best seller. This new edition preserves the previous editions—focusing on the metallurgical and materials evaluation for failure mode identification. Comprehensive information covering the basic principles and practices are clearly explained. Recent technical knowledge and analysis tools are added: Addition of fatigue striation counting, modelling, and crack rate predictionAddition of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) technologyElevated temperature updates

Covers the basics of metal fabrication, delving deep into the technology of metals fabrication. Topics include: primary mill fabrication, casting, bulk deformation, forming, machining, heat treatment, finishing and coating, and powder metallurgy. This book can be read and understood by anyone with a technical background; it is useful to anyone who deals with metals including designers, mechanical engineers, civil engineers, structural engineers, material and process engineers, manufacturing engineers, faculty, and materials science students.

Volume 4B expands coverage on equipment, control, troubleshooting, and problems associated with steel heat treating. New articles extensively address distortion and the prevention of cracking - including the modeling and simulation of distortion. Furnace equipment and controls are described in detail, along with quenching systems and characterization of quenchants for reliable and effective hardening. General process and procedure factors also are introduced - including temperature uniformity of furnaces, calculation of heat treating costs, decarburization, and more.

Conference proceedings covering the latest technology developments for fossil fuel power plants, including nickel-based alloys for advanced ultrasupercritical power plants, materials for turbines, oxidation and corrosion, welding and weld performance, new alloys concepts, and creep and general topics.One hundred eighty-five participants representing 18 countries traveled from around the world to participate in the EPRI 7th International Conference on Advances in Materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants on the Big Island of Hawaii, USA.  This conference built on the success of the previous 6 conferences originally started by Prof. R. (Vis) Viswanathan, EPRI (FASM) in 1995 in London (UK), and held every three years since that time in San Sebastian (Spain), Swansea, Wales (UK), Hilton Head Island (USA), Marco Island (USA), and Santa Fe (USA).This proceedings volume contains the largest number of papers ever collected for this conference.  Overwhelming response to the 2013 conference (over a 20% increase in number of papers and technical talks) prompted the organizers to hold the first ever poster session.  EPRI and ASM have again partnered to publish this proceedings which is organized into 9 topical areas: technology overviews, nickel-based alloys for advanced ultrasupercritical power plants, materials for turbines, alloys T23/24, Grades 91/92, oxidation and corrosion, welding and weld performance, new alloys concepts, and creep and general topics.

ASM Handbook Volume 4D is packed with information and knowledge for anyone who uses or works with heat treated steels or cast irons. Written and reviewed by recognized authorities, this new handbook gives you in-depth articles with details on the processing and properties for all significant applications and types of heat treated ferrous alloys. New content includes not only updates on new alloys, but also expanded coverage on the effects of heat treating on the properties for more carbon and low-alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, and other high-alloy grades. New articles also describe important topics such as stainless steel surface hardening, heat treatment of steel gears, bearings, boron steels, and precipitation hardening copper steels, and more. From the basic principles of design, steel selection, and the importance of metallurgical structure on properties, this new handbook can help you work out heat treating solutions.

The new 2016 edition of ASM Handbook, Volume 3: Alloy Phase Diagrams is a revision of the original 1992 edition. 40% of the volume has been updated and now includes 1083 binary systems, 1095 binary diagrams, 115 ternary systems, and 406 ternary diagrams. The revised volume provides a more complete explanation of phase diagrams and their significance with the addition of new material on solid solutions and phase transformations; thermodynamics; isomorphous, eutectic, peritectic, and monotectic alloy systems; solid-state transformations; and intermediate phases. Users of this volume will gain a better understanding of phase diagram construction and alloy system interactions while having a valuable resource to aid in their research and engineering pursuits.Since the 1992 edition of this volume was published, improvements in experimental techniques have increased the accuracy of results, filling the remaining gaps of existing systems. Increasingly sophisticated computer modeling methods determine phase equilibria that could not be determined experimentally in a practical manner — resulting in numerous revisions of previously accepted phase diagrams, and predicted phase diagrams for newly assessed systems.

This book covers all aspects of the history, physical metallurgy, corrosion behavior, cost factors and current and potential uses of titanium. The history of titanium is traced from its early beginnings through the work of Kroll, to the present day broadening market place. Extensive detail on extraction processes is discussed, as well as the various beta to alpha transformations and and details of the powder metallurgy techniques. The relationship of microstructure to mechanical properties, and the topic of corrosion are described in detail. A comprehensive section presents applications of titanium.Anyone involved in any aspect of titanium science, technology, or application (including personnel in industry, government, and academia) can benefit with this book. This reference book is based on an education course developed by ASM International in the early 1980's, which has been revised several times as new technical information became available, the latest revision in 2014 by F.H. (Sam) Froes, an expert in titanium and titanium alloy technology.

ASM Handbook, Volume 5B: Protective Organic Coatings is a wholly new volume in the esteemed ASM Handbook series that fills a publication gap identified by Volume Editor Kenneth B. Tator and ASM International. Volume 5B addresses a need for comprehensive information on the part of industrial coating users, specifiers, and contractors. Industry respected authors and reviewers make this latest entry to ASM's Handbook series the authoritative source for industrial coating information worldwide.

In this Second Edition, new information and references are integrated into chapters. Emphasis is still on processing, alloying, microstructure, deformation, fracture and properties of major steel types ranging from low-carbon sheet steels, pearlitic rail and wire steels, to quench and tempered medium- and high-carbon martensitic steels. Microstructural aspects of steelmaking, hardenability, tempering, surface hardening, and embrittlement phenomena are updated, and chapters on stainless and tool steels remain in the Second edition. The work is intended to be tutorial and is an essential state-of-the-art reference for anyone that makes, uses, studies and designs with steel.

The 2015 edition of the volume on Powder Metallurgy focuses on conventional powder metallurgy and includes a new section on metal injection molding. The newly developed handbook format is aimed at simplifying the understanding of process and property relationships by treating each metal/alloy family in individual divisions.

Hot Working Guide: A Compendium of Processing Maps, Second Edition is a unique source book with flow stress data for hot working, processing maps with metallurgical interpretation and optimum processing conditions for metals, alloys, intermetallics, and metal matrix composites. The use of this book replaces the expensive and time consuming trial and error methods in process design and product development.  In the first edition, which was published by ASM International in 1997, processing maps for 162 materials were presented. Since that time, processing maps for another 130 materials with different initial conditions have been published in the literature which motivated updating of the first edition. In the second edition, significant additions of maps on stainless steels, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys and nickel alloys have been made. In compiling the second edition, stress-strain curves were not included since their shapes do not lead to clear conclusions on the mechanisms. However, the flow stress data are included since they are valuable in formulating constitutive equations required for finite element simulation.  In this book, the available information is compiled in such a way that the processing industry will find it easy to use.Practicing materials and manufacturing engineers; R&D specialists in industry, universities, and government labs; and graduate students studying the science of mechanical processing and alloy design will find the materials processing data contained in this book invaluable.

The Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys Atlas of Microstructures provides any engineer or researcher who works with aluminum castings with a practical and substantive tool for the visual analysis of the microscopic images of the microstructure of the aluminum casting alloys, as examined during routine laboratory procedures. The gallery of microstructure images presented in the Atlas has been selected and put in a systematic order with two main goals in mindHelp the reader who has an image of an alloy microstructure identify the examined alloy in a gallery of standard casting Al-Si alloysHelp the reader to identify the typical microstructure of an alloy based on its estimated cooling rateThe Atlas was composed considering the cast part as a complex construction of crystallites, described in the context of particular technological conditions and initial chemical composition. Chapters I and II discuss the characteristics of the main phase constituents: ?-Al solid solution and silicon crystals (Ch. I), and intermetallic phases (Ch. II). Chapter III presents an atlas of the microstructures of Al-Si cast parts, designated according to standard PN EN 1706, taking into account its counterparts in ASTM-standards. Chapter IV presents the metallographic procedure of the visual identification of the alloy phase constituents.

This book is a compilation of 45 editorials written by Dr. McIntyre R. Louthan, Jr., former editor-in-chief of the Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention. Written over a 12-year period as part of an editorial series published in the journal, the topics of these editorials are applicable to failure analysts and all others looking to achieve success in almost any career. Each editorial offers practical advice for the failure analyst on topics including team participation, customer relations, and looking beyond the obvious for answers, just to name a few. ~~The technical information included is limited and can be understood by beginning failure analysts. The editorials focus on learning good communication skills, leadership, and strength in character from a seasoned failure analysis professional, presented through entertaining personal stories. These areas are not regularly covered in the more technical publications, but are extremely important to success in the field and play a major role in determining the quality of our lives.

This new ASM Handbook, Volume 4E: Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys, completes the series of volumes on the major technological subject of heat treating. This singular work gives engineers, analysts, and technicians a one-stop source on the wide variety of nonferrous alloys. With expanded coverage on both the industrial practice and the science of heat treating, this new volume provides more practical information to guide processing requirements and the necessary background information for those without extensive prior knowledge.

This new second edition serves as a go-to reference on the complex subject of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), offering information to help metallurgists, materials scientists, and designers determine whether SCC will be an issue for their design or applications; and for the failure analyst to help determine if SCC played a role in a failure under investigation.Research conducted over the last 20 years warranted new coverage on crack tip chemistry analysis and modeling, SCC of low strength steels in alcohol, SCC in new high strength steels, new data in SCC of stainless steels and nickel-based alloys, SCC of copper alloys in potable water, and hydrogen induced cracking of aluminium alloys. Additional case studies and a section on high strength low alloy steels were added. An appendix of relevant standards pertaining to SCC is also included.The book details the many conditions under which SCC can occur, the parameters which control SCC, and methodologies for mitigating and testing for SCC, plus information on the mechanism of SCC with experimental data on a variety of materials. It contains information about the environmental, mechanical, microstructural and chemical aspects of SCC to help predict and prevent component failure.Chapters include coverage of SCC in these materials: carbon, and low-alloy steels; high-strength steels; stainless steels; nickle-base alloys; copper alloys; magnesium alloys; titanium alloys; zirconium alloys; uranium alloys; amorphous alloys; and glasses and ceramics.

The eighth in a series of conferences on the subject of materials for advanced plants, held every three years by EPRI. Boiler, turbine, and balance-of-plant material issues covered include: plant economics, advanced designs, and field experience; new materials development concepts; materials processing of advanced alloys; high-temperature materials used in boilers and turbines in steam power plants (ferritic steels, austenitic steels & alloys, and nickel-based superalloys); boiler tubes, headers, steam pipes, waterwalls, turbine rotors, blades, bolts, casings, valves, and high-temperature components; microstructural evolution and creep; corrosion, coatings, claddings; welding and fabrication; creep, fatigue, creep-fatigue, toughness, and high-temperature design rules.

Cast iron development engineers, foundry production and support personnel, product-application engineers, and designers now have an ASM Handbook® devoted to the principles, practices, and application of cast iron science and technology. Up-to-date content covers all aspects of cast iron fundamentals and metallurgy, primary and secondary processing, effects of processing on properties, process, and product design, and the engineering properties of specific grades, types, and product forms of iron castings.With emphasis on both the science and applied technology of cast irons, this new ASM Handbook provides specific coverage of many important aspects of cast iron production, analysis, and use. The science of cast iron provides an important foundation on many modern techniques addressed in this new volume, including coverage on computational modeling, computer-aided prediction, and methods of analysis and testing. Also included are articles devoted to important process design factors such as modification and inoculation, effects of trace elements, filling and feeding systems, and the development of solidification microstructures.ASM Handbook, Volume 1A: Cast Iron Science and Technology is an in-depth and comprehensive reference for those who research, develop, process, make, use, analyze, or specify cast irons. Doru M. Stefanescu, Professor Emeritus from The University of Alabama and The Ohio State University, has gathered an international group of leading innovators, researchers, and practitioners in the cast iron field to create an invaluable reference for both practitioners and researchers.

The 2017 edition of Volume 18 builds on articles devoted to specific friction- or wear-critical components supported by coverage on the fundamental physical principles of friction, lubrication, and wear. In addition to basic concepts, methods of lab testing and analysis, materials selection, and field diagnosis and monitoring of friction and wear are also covered. The 2017 edition of this volume has undergone a significant expansion and revision of coverage by a new group of global experts. It has been updated with numerous material and technology developments on coatings, lubrication, tool and die wear, and a number of typical tribological components or classes of components. While it is impossible to include all the types of moving mechanical assemblies that involve tribological challenges, Volume 18 emphasizes a structured approach in analyzing complex tribosystems involving thermal, mechanical, materials, and chemical influences. The new Volume 18 provides an essential resource for a broad audience including researchers, engineers, technicians, students, and quality control personnel. The sections on solid friction, lubricants and lubrication, and wear and surface damage contain basic physical principles that helps introduce the materials-oriented professional to established concepts in tribology. The Handbook is also intended for use by individuals with a background in mechanics or lubricant chemistry seeking information on trends and developments on materials and coatings.

Magnesium and magnesium alloys provide unique properties for engineering applications. Magnesium alloys are popular as a structural material because of their combination of light weight and strength. They are desirable for portable tools, appliances, electronic devices, airplanes, space vehicles, and land transportation. This book is written for engineers, scientists, teachers, and students engaged in the design process of material selection and material elimination. While focused on mechanical properties for structural design, the physical properties that are germane to corrosion behavior and electrical applications are represented.Two-thirds of the book is devoted to datasheets for individual alloys which provide a handy quick reference to specific properties and performance. The remainder of the book addresses topics common to all magnesium alloys such as the alloy designation system and product forms. Casting alloys and wrought alloys are compared. The alloy performance at elevated temperature is presented, as are fatigue properties. Finally, a summary of the corrosion behavior of selected alloys is discussed along with how these corrosion mechanisms can be applied for beneficial results.

The History of Metals in America chronicles the development of metals as both an industrial activity and a science. Progress involving structural metals made possible the air, land, sea, and space travel of today, skyscrapers reaching over 100 stories high, and many other engineering accomplishments that continue to shape modern society.This lively book takes the reader on a fascinating journey through the evolution of metals and metallurgy from the beginning of iron production in colonial times with the first iron plant in 1645 to the prevailing metals of the 21st century. Each chapter describes the development of a metal or series of metal alloys, industry growth, and modern uses in manufacturing. It includes chapters on cast iron, wrought iron, alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, nickel-base superalloys, aluminum, and titanium. Other chapters cover the science of metals as it developed from 1890 to 1950 and the biographies of the pioneers of metals research. The final chapters cover the formation, growth, and decline of the integrated steel industry and the rise of a new industry in steel minimills.The History of Metals in America will appeal to readers in all sectors of the metalworking industry, students and faculty of engineering programs, middle and high school American history students, and anyone interested in the history of technology, travel, tools, and machinery in the U.S. The author, Charles R. Simcoe, wrote more than 40 articles for ASM International’s Advanced Materials & Processes magazine, including a monthly series entitled Metallurgy Lane, which became the basis for this book.

This book is a combination of a metallographic atlas for steels and cast irons and an introductory textbook covering the fundamentals of phase transformations and heat treatment of these materials. Every important stage of processing, from casting to cold working is clearly discussed and copiously illustrated with metallographs that show the obtained structures, both desired and those achieved when deviations occur.First published in 1951 by Professor Hubertus Colpaert from the Institute for Technological Research (IPT) of São Paulo, Brazil, this book became one of the most important Brazilian references for professionals interested in the processing, treatment, and application of steels and cast irons. In the Fourth Edition and English translation, updated and translated by Professor André Luiz V. da Costa e Silva, the concept of the of the original edition was preserved while the important developments of recent decades, both in metallographic characterization and in steel and iron products, as well as progress in the understanding of the transformations that made the extraordinary developments of these alloys possible, were added.Most metallographs are of actual industrial materials and a large number originate from industry leaders or laboratories at the forefront of steel and iron development. As steel continues to be the most widely used metallic material in the world, Metallography of Steels continues to be an essential reference for students, metallographers, and engineers interested in understanding processing-properties-structure relationships of the material. The balance between theoretical and applied information makes this book a valuable companion for even experienced steel practitioners.

ASM Handbook, Volume 17 helps readers select, use, and interpret methods used to nondestructively test and analyze engineered products and assemblies. Digital technology is transforming the implementation of NDE and is covered extensively. New case studies and examples illustrate specific NDE techniques and give new insights which are needed to provide the data needed to solve many real-world NDE problems, to understand and measure early degradation, and to give the required data for remaining safe life or prognostic prediction.

Failures or forced shutdowns in power plants are often due to boilers, and particularly failure of boiler tubes. This comprehensive resource deals with the subject of failure investigation of boiler tubes from basic fundamentals to practical applications.Coverage includes properties and selection of materials for boiler tubes from a metallurgical view point, damage mechanisms responsible for failure of boiler tubes, and characterization techniques employed for investigating failures of boiler tubes in thermal power plants and utility boilers of industrial/commercial/institutional (ICI) boilers. A large number of case studies based on the actual failures from the field are described, along with photographs and microstructures to allow for easy comprehension of the theory behind the failures.This book is geared to practicing engineers and for studies in the major area of power plant engineering. For non-metallurgists, a chapter has been devoted to the basics of material science, metallurgy of steels, heat treatment, and structure-property correlation. A chapter on materials for boiler tubes covers composition and application of different grades of steels and high temperature alloys currently in use as boiler tubes and future materials to be used in supercritical, ultra-supercritical and advanced ultra-supercritical thermal power plants. A comprehensive discussion on different mechanisms of boiler tube failure is the heart of the book. Additional chapters detailing the role of advanced material characterization techniques in failure investigation and the role of water chemistry in tube failures are key contributions to the book.The authors have long-standing experience in the field of metallurgy and materials technology, failure investigation, remaining life assessment (RLA) and fitness for service (FFS) for industrial plant and equipment, including power plants. They have conducted a large number of failure investigations of boiler tubes and have recommended effective remedial measures in problem solving for power and utility boilers.

ASM Handbook, Volume 2A is intended for users of aluminum alloys seeking information on the processes, capabilities, and variables in producing and fabricating aluminum products. Beginning with the classification and underlying physical metallurgy of aluminum alloys, this new handbook is a significant update and expansion of coverage on the technologies of aluminum casting, metalworking, composite processing, heat treating, surface treatment and joining. Updates address ongoing advances in high-integrity die castings, expanded coverage on surface treatment technologies, and contributions from experts in a wide variety of technological areas. New articles address aluminum recycling, melt processing, solidification and castability of aluminum alloys, extrusion, forging design, aluminum foams, semisolid casting, powder and additive technologies, quenching, laser machining, anodizing, organic coating, conversion coating, and laser welding. Significant updates are included on brazing, extrusion, anodizing, welding, and shape casting.Volume 2A provides a detailed and broad-based reference that can give readers insights and solutions on the factors that influence process selection, product quality, performance, and serviceability of aluminum products.

This practical guide to product and process engineering of various aluminum castings emphasizes process and material characteristics; product-process-alloy integration; manufacturing aspects of aluminum casting; product design features; tooling design, feeding and gating design; product quality needs and specifications; product launches; and successful conversions of aluminum from steel and iron.This book is intended to be a standard guide for practical foundry personnel in aluminum die casting, casting buyers, and a reference book for students specializing in metal casting technology.

This volume provides new and expanded coverage on the metallurgy, processing, fabrication, properties, and performance of aluminum alloys. It is the companion volume of ASM Handbook, Volume 2A: Aluminum Science and Technology, released in 2018. The aluminum alloy datasheets are designed for easy look up with details on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on properties, and fabrication characteristics. In addition, outreach was done to identify and collect information on new alloy developments.Select handbook articles from ASM Handbook, Volume 2B: Properties and Selection of Aluminum Alloys have been published online first in ASM Handbooks Online in the ASM Digital Library in advance of the full volume release.

The 2019 edition of ASM Handbook, Volume 10: Materials Characterization provides detailed technical information that will enable readers to select and use analytical techniques that are appropriate for their problem. Each article describing a characterization technique begins with an overview of the method in simplified terms and lists common applications as well as limitations. Sample size, form, and special preparation requirements are listed upfront to help readers quickly decide if the techniques are appropriate to solve their problem. Tables and charts listing the most common characterization methods for different classes of materials are included in the beginning of the handbook. The tables give information on whether the technique is suitable for elemental analysis, qualitative analysis, surface analysis, or alloy verification. The articles also describe material characterization in general terms according to material type and serve as a jumping off point to the more specific technique articles.