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Analyzing Banking Risk: A Framework for Assessing Corporate Governance and Risk Management provides a comprehensive overview of topics focusing on assessment, analysis, and management of financial risks in banking. The publication emphasizes risk management principles and stresses that key players in the corporate governance process are accountable for managing the different dimensions of financial and other risks.This fourth edition remains faithful to the objectives of the original publication. It covers new business aspects affecting banking risks, such as mobile banking and regulatory changes over the past decade—specifically those related to Basel III capital adequacy concepts—as well as new operational risk management topics such as cybercrime, money laundering, and outsourcing.This publication will be of interest to a wide body of users of bank financial data. The target audience includes the persons responsible for the analysis of banks and for the senior management or organizations directing their efforts. Because the publication provides an overview of the spectrum of corporate governance and risk management, it is not aimed at technical specialists of any particular risk management area.

A practice-based guide of 36 key concepts - legal, operational, and practical - that countries can use to develop non-conviction based (NCB) forfeiture legislation that helps in combating the development problem of corruption and recovering stolen assets.

This book argues that light manufacturing is appropriate for a resource-based country like Zambia. While Zambia's recent growth has been impressive, it has not been accompanied with adequate job creation. Long-term job creation in copper production is very small; links to the rest of the economy tend to be weak as well. Besides, the development of natural resources tends to discourage job-creating sectors such as manufacturing. To be sustainable and to create productive employment for its people, growth needs to be accompanied by structural transformation. Such transformation entails a growing share of manufacturing output in the economy. In the past, Zambia's efforts to promote and facilitate industrial growth have not been very successful. Policy regimes swung from one extreme to another. In the 1980s, Zambia put complete control of the industrial sector in the hands of the state. When this model proved unsuccessful, policy shifted in the opposite direction in the 1990s, and all earlier government interventions were lifted. Neither extreme led to sustained growth of manufacturing. This book suggests an alternative: directing government policies toward removing constraints in a few of the most promising light manufacturing sectors using practical and innovative solutions inspired by the fast-growing Asian economies whose starting point 20 years ago was not very different from Zambia's today. This book has several innovative features. First, it provides in-depth cost comparisons between Zambia and four other countries in Asia and Africa at sector and product levels. Second, the book uses a wide array of quantitative and qualitative techniques to identify key constraints to enterprises and to evaluate differences in the performance of firms across countries. Third, it uses a focused approach to identify country- and industry- specific constraints. It proposes market¬ based measures and selected government intervention to ease these constraints. Fourth, it highlights the interconnectedness of constraints and solutions. For example, solving the manufacturing input problem requires actions in agriculture, education, and infrastructure. The book shows that Zambia has the potential to become regionally competitive in several light manufacturing subsectors by leveraging its comparative advantage in natural resource industries such as agriculture, livestock, and forestry. Interventions include both the provision of public goods and the removal of existing policy distortions in the economy. Growing production of light manufacturing goods would allow Zambia to capture more value from its raw materials and create more jobs.

The difference between maternal mortality in the industrialized and developing world is greater than any other development indicator. The apparent lack of progress in this area has generated a sense of hopelessness. Malaysia and Sri Lanka are two of the very few developing countries that have succeeded in reducing maternal mortality to levels comparable to many industrialized countries. This study provides a comprehensive, in-depth analysis of the factors that contributed to maternal mortality decline in Malaysia and Sri Lanka over the last 50 to 60 years. It considers policy issues, health system developments, health system expenditures in maternal health, and the use in both countries of professionally trained midwives.

Jointly developed by the World Bank Group and National Metrology Institute of Germany, this book aims to help development partners and governments analyze countries? quality infrastructure ecosystems and provide recommendations to bridge any gaps, support reforms, and build the capacity of institutions.

Commodity markets are integral to the global economy. Understanding what drives developments of these markets is critical to the design of policy frameworks that facilitate the economic objectives of sustainable growth, inflation stability, poverty reduction, food security, and the mitigation of climate change. This study is the first comprehensive analysis examining market and policy developments for all commodity groups, including energy, metals, and agriculture, over the past century. It finds that, while the quantity of commodities consumed has risen enormously, driven by population and income growth, the relative importance of commodities has shifted over time, as technological innovation created new uses for some materials and facilitated substitution among commodities. The study also shows that commodity markets are heterogeneous in terms of their drivers, price behavior, and macroeconomic impact on emerging markets and developing economies, and that the relationship between economic growth and commodity demand varies widely across countries, depending on their stage of economic development. Policy frameworks that enable countercyclical macroeconomic responses have become increasingly common—and beneficial. Other policy tools have had mixed outcomes.

Youth Employment and Skills Development in The Gambia is part of the World Bank Working Papers series. These papers are published to communicate the results of the Bank's ongoing research and to stimulate public discussion. This paper aims to better understand youth employment outcomes in The Gambia in the hope of crafting more sound and responsive policies in this sector. The first part of this paper analyzes how youth spend their time. The second part of the paper reviews and analyzes the technical and vocational education and training sector. It also provides recommendations on how the sector can be made more responsive to the needs of youth in the light of the findings from the first part of the paper. The information and analysis from this paper can assist the government of The Gambia in making informed decisions on how education and skills development can improve youth employability and productivity.

Explores several technologies for moving money and identifies possible terrorist financing risks and measures taken to tackle them.

Explains how development financing affects firms and households

The study discusses ways of evaluating financial regulations and their effect on macroeconomic, allocative, protective, and other financial systems. It is a handy guidebook to regulatory changes faced by banking and nonbanking markets alike

Project sustainability has received considerable attention in recent years. The increased awareness stems from a growing concern with social development issues such as poverty reduction, project sustainability, the equal participation of women, and the social costs of economic development. This handbook provides a comprehensive guide to the wide range of techniques available for monitoring and evaluating the main kinds of social development programs. The authors highlight or review a number of topics that have been overlooked in earlier evaluation publications, such as: -The organization of monitoring and evaluation at the project, sectoral, and national levels -The management of the databases required to elect, design, and implement new social projects and programs -The monitoring and evaluation of project sustainability -Simple and cost-effective methods of estimating project impact. The authors also discuss methods for identifying potential beneficiaries and their information needs and ways of managing evaluations.

The economywide policy reform programs that have been undertaken in developing countries in recent years often address macroeconomic problems with little or no regard for their environmental impact, be it positive or negative. This book and its companion volume of case studies demonstrate that there are significant payoffs from a greater understanding of such impacts. The case studies, summarized in Volume I and presented in full in Volume II, provide empirical evidence of the links between macroeconomic policies and the environment and reflect a wide range of country situations and environmental problems: air pollution issues in Poland and Sri Lanka; deforestation and land degradation in Costa Rica; migration and deforestation in the Philippines; overgrazing of agricultural lands in Tunisia; overcultivation in Ghana; water resource depletion in Morocco; and wildlife management in Zimbabwe. The volumes also show the variety of analytical methods used to identify the linkages between policy actions and their environmental impacts.

This glossary is intended to assist the World Bank's translators and interpreters and others in the Bank and the development community who use Spanish in their work. It contains financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices. The glossary includes translations for terms that frequently occur in Bank documents and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. The first section provides translations from English to Spanish, and the second from Spanish to English.

The World Bank Group in collaboration with United Nations Industrial Development Organization and United Nations Environment Programme. Quite often in developing countries, the economy progresses while the environment deteriorates because pollution control measures appear too costly to implement. What the World Bank proposes in the Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook 1998 is environmental management rather than pollution control. To accomplish this, the book recommends a broad mix of incentives and pressures to achieve sustainable improvements such as setting clear goals and objectives, agreeing on priorities, cooperating on approaches, sharing information, and setting realistic standards. The Handbook comprises three parts: a summary of key policy lessons in pollution management, good practice notes on implementation of policy objectives, and detailed guidelines intended for the preparation of World Bank Group projects. The application of the guidelines set out in Part III can minimize the use of resources as well as reduce the quantity of wastes requiring treatment and disposal.They are designed to protect human health, reduce discharge of pollutants into the environment, use commercially proven and cost-effective technologies, follow regulatory trends, and promote good industrial practices. These guidelines represent good environmental management practices, which can be achieved and maintained with the levels of skills and resources typically available in countries in which the World Bank operates.

This manual focuses on measuring the effects of training and institutional development programs on individuals, the organizations or economic sectors in which they work, and the welfare of the larger community. It presents a conceptual framework as well as real-life examples drawn from evaluations of the Economic Development Institute's learning and capacity-building programs in the developing world. It provides practical advice on developing evaluation plans, designing questionnaires, conducting interviews, analyzing data, reporting findings, and making recommendations. Emphasis is placed on the active participation of stakeholders throughout the process.

The need for social safety nets has become a key component of poverty reduction strategies. Over the past three decades several developing countries have launched a variety of programs, including cash transfers, subsidies in-kind, public works, and income-generation programs. However, there is little guidance on appropriate program design, and few studies have synthesized the lessons from widely differing country experiences. This report fills that gap. It reviews the conceptual issues in the choice of programs, synthesizes cross-country experience, and analyzes how country- and region-specific constraints can explain why different approaches are successful in different countries.

This book contains a series of papers presented at the final conference sponsored by the Trade Expansion Program (TEP). The first chapter provides an overview of some of the lessons learned from the TEP ' s experience, among others, that trade policy reform is facilitated by the macroeconomic stability, even, though the last one, not necessarily needs a full attainment; that trade policy reform will only prove worthy when foreign exchange mechanisms are properly allocated; that trade reforms induce a self-sustaining behavior due to the credibility of such reforms; that the fiscal impact following trade reforms should be carefully considered, in order for these reforms to be effective and sustainable. The issues addressed in the papers range from rather abstract (What makes trade reforms politically sustainable?) to intensely pragmatic (What is the most practical design for a duty drawback system or a technical assistance program?). Hence, a diversity in interests comes from the cross-fertilization of ideas produced by different perspectives on the subject of trade policy reforms.

World Bank Technical Paper No. 376. Roads are agents of change and can be responsible for both benefits and damage to the existing balance between people and their environment. This handbook examines specific road projects ranging from minor rehabilitation and maintenance activities on existing roads to major works on new alignments. It provides a description of practical methods for designing and executing effective environmental assessments that are useful to those who are involved in various aspects of road projects, from planning to construction to maintenance.

Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Studies and Monographs Series No. 20. This study describes the practices and processes of participatory methods that tap the knowledge the poor have about their own reality. The Participatory Poverty Assessment uses methods to measure and facilitate ""listening to the poor."" Participatory tools show how the poor view poverty, inflation, and other economic and social trends. In addition, the study established the high economic returns to village social capital, measured by density of groups with particular characteristics.

World Bank Technical Paper No. 389. By the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. This paper is the revised edition of Technical Paper No. 99, written in 1989. It provides the basis for the preparation of manuals necessary for managers and staffs to perform needed activities at the proper time. The guide provides a comprehensive list of issues that should be addressed in operation and maintenance manuals for irrigation and drainage systems, and a listing of published materials and working papers which will assist in the formulation of plans for operation and maintenance. The paper serves as a valuable tool to help improve the performance of irrigation and drainage systems and to assist managers in developing and improving effective organizations to serve water consumers better.

In developing and transition economies, 60 to 80 percent of all passenger and freight transport moves by road-the main form of access for most rural communities. Yet most of the 11 million kilometers of roads in these economies are badly maintained and poorly managed. This paper discusses one of the most effective ways to promote sound policies for managing and financing road networks--commercialization. It discusses the emerging central concept of bringing roads into the marketplace, putting them on a fee-for-service basis, and managing them like a business.

Public expenditure issues are encountered wherever there is a discussion of government, the public sector, and development. Over the years, the World Bank has invested considerable resources in analyzing public expenditures and the impacts of different interventions on sustainable development. This handbook provides a broad framework for thinking about public expenditure management and how it affects budgetary outcomes. It highlights the fact that good analysis and sound policy are not enough to ensure sound and sustainable development outcomes. Of particular interest is the concept of three levels of budgetary outcomes-aggregate fiscal discipline, strategic prioritization, and operational performance.

While energy is essential for development, standard fossil fuels are often in short supply in countries where it is needed most. However, alternative fuel resources abound in the form of agricultural and municipal waste or "biomass." This report reviews the state of the art of biomass combustion and gasification systems, their advantages and disadvantages. It also encourages investment in use of these technologies to enable developing countries to better exploit their biomass resources and help close the gap between their energy needs and their energy supply.