Pathophysiology

Matthew Sorenson, PhD, APN, ANP-CThe pre-nursing career of Matthew Sorenson includes experience as a recovery room orderly, paramedic, and child care worker and an initial collegiate major in history. His nursing career began with a BSN degree from Northern Illinois University (with a minor in history). After graduation, he worked primarily in physical rehabilitation, focusing on neurologic conditions and injury, an area in which he remains active. He holds an MS in Applied Family and Child Studies (Focus on Abuse and Neglect) and an MS in Nursing (Community Health Focus). His doctorate is from Loyola University Chicago, where he studied stress-related changes in immunologic function in those with multiple sclerosis. Postdoctoral education includes a three-year fellowship with the neurology service at Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital (focus on multiple sclerosis) and a year-long fellowship in Disability Ethics through the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. He is an Adult Nurse Practitioner. His time as a nurse practitioner is spent primarily with street outreach programs targeting the homeless and working poor. His research focuses on immunologic correlates of fatigue, particularly in those with multiple sclerosis. He is currently funded to investigate viral epigenetics in multiple sclerosis. He teaches physical assessment, pharmacology, medical-surgical nursing, and pathophysiology. Academically, Dr. Sorenson teaches at DePaul University with an additional appointment in the School of Medicine (Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation) at Northwestern University. He served as a program director for several years and was recently named Director of the School of Nursing. Laurie Quinn, PhD, RN, FAAN, FAHA, CDELaurie Quinn is a Clinical Professor in the Department of Biobehavioral Health Science in the College of Nursing at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Dr. Quinn earned her PhD from UIC in Nursing Science and has been on the UIC College of Nursing faculty for 20 years. Her primary research focus is the study of metabolic alterations associated with diabetes mellitus, especially their role in the development of cardiovascular disease. Her research has focused on examining the effect of aerobic exercise on the metabolic derangements of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. She is currently part of an interdisciplinary team from University of Chicago, Illinois Institute of Technology, and UIC that is developing an artificial pancreas. Dr. Quinn is a Certified Diabetes Educator and worked as a Clinical Nurse Specialist at Rush University Medical Center. She has received several awards for teaching excellence and has lectured in graduate and undergraduate physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology classes. She has published and presented extensively in research and clinical practice venues on diabetes-related topics. Dr. Quinn is an active member of the American Diabetes Association and American Heart Association. She has been a healthcare coordinator at an American Diabetes Association summer camp for children with diabetes for several years. In this role, she has cared for numerous children with type 1 diabetes and helped to educate clinical staff and students from various healthcare specialties on the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Diane Klein, PhD, RNDiane Klein earned a BSN degree from Loyola University Chicago and then worked as a nurse in the trauma unit and medical units at Cook County Hospital. During her clinical practice, she became interested in research, which led her to earn a PhD in physiology from the University of Illinois at the Medical Center Campus in Chicago. Her research interests as a faculty member at Loyola University Chicago have included the role of cyclic nucleotides in altered lung metabolism during septic shock, and the use of nebulized morphine in the treatment of dyspnea. Dr. Klein was

• Brief Contents PART 1: FOUNDATIONS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Introduction to the Basics of PathophysiologyGenetics, Genomics, and EpigenomicsEnvironmental Influences on Disease and InjuryStress and AdaptationPART 2: RISKS UNDERLYING THE LEADING CAUSES OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY Health Risks of Obesity and Physical InactivityRisks Related to Substance Use DisordersRisks Related to Sleep AlterationsPART 3: FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE IMBALANCES Fluid and Electrolyte ImbalancesAcid-Base ImbalancesPART 4: CELL INJURY, INFLAMMATION, AND ALTERATIONS OF CELL GROWTH AND REGULATION Mechanisms of Cell Injury and AgingInflammationNeoplasiaPART 5: INFECTION AND DISORDERS OF IMMUNITY Mechanisms of Infection and Host ProtectionHypersensitivity and Autoimmune DisordersImmunodeficiency DisordersDisorders of White Blood CellsPART 6: DISORDERS OF OXYGENATION Restrictive Lung DisordersObstructive Lung DisordersNeoplastic, Infectious, and Pulmonary Vascular Lung DisordersRespiratory FailureDisorders of Oxygen TransportPART 7: DISORDERS OF PERFUSION Alterations of HemostasisVascular DisordersCoronary Circulation DisordersCardiac Structural DisordersHeart FailureDisorders of Circulation within the Central Nervous SystemShock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction SyndromePART 8: DISORDERS OF MOOD AND COGNITION Disorders of Emotional RegulationDisorders of Neurodevelopment and NeurocognitionPART 9: DISORDERS OF SENSORY PERCEPTION AND THERMOREGULATION Disorders of Hearing, Balance, and VisionPain, Neuropathy, and HeadacheDisorders of ThermoregulationPART 10: DISORDERS OF MOBILITY Disorders Affecting Motor FunctionAcute Musculoskeletal DisordersChronic Musculoskeletal DisordersPART 11: DISORDERS OF ENDOCRINE REGULATION Diabetes MellitusThyroid, Parathyroid, and Adrenal DisordersPART 12: ALTERED TISSUE INTEGRITY Tissue and Wound HealingAcute Skin DisordersChronic Skin DisordersPART 13: DISORDERS OF DIGESTION, METABOLISM, AND ELIMINATION Disorders of the Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal SystemDisorders of the Exocrine Pancreatic and Hepatobiliary SystemsLiver FailureDisorders of Kidney and Urinary Tract Structure and FunctionAcute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney DiseasePART 14: DISORDERS OF SEXUALITY AND REPRODUCTION Disorders of the Female Reproductive SystemDisorders of the Male Reproductive SystemSexually Transmitted InfectionsPART 15: TRAUMA AND MULTISYSTEM CONDITIONS Mechanisms of Traumatic InjuryThe Pathophysiology of Primary and Secondary Traumatic InjuryBiologic, Chemical, and Radiologic Agents of DiseasePathophysiology at the End of Life