João Espregueira-Mendes graduated in Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (Portugal) in 1985 and completed his residency in 1994. He is currently Chairman of Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, an ESSKA, ISAKOS, and ICRS Official Centre, and Full Professor and Chairman of Orthopaedics at the University of Minho. He was a Founding Member of SPAT and later its President (2004-2008), President of ESSKA (2012-2014), Founding President of ESSKA Foundation (2013). He is a Life Member of ESSKA, he also serves on the Board of the Patellofemoral Foundation, the Advisory Board of the FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, and the Consultative Council of the F.C. Porto Executive Board. He currently serves as President of ISAKOS (2025–2027). He has delivered over 850 lectures worldwide and published more than 300 works, including over 20 textbooks, with more than 7,000 citations.Jon Karlsson was born and raised in Iceland, where he graduated in Medicine from the University of Reykjavik. In 1981, he moved to Sweden and began working at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital and the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University. He defended his PhD thesis on “Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability” in 1989 and was appointed Associate Professor the following year. In 2010, he became Full Professor of Orthopaedics with a special focus on Sports Traumatology at the Sahlgrenska Academy. He was the caretaking physician for IFK Göteborg, a professional football club for 38 years. He currently serves as Professor Emeritus at the same institution. Volker Musahl received his medical degree from Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (Germany) in 1998 and trained in trauma surgery at Humboldt University, Berlin. In 2000, he moved to the United States as a post-doctoral fellow under Prof. Freddie Fu and Prof. Savio Woo at the University of Pittsburgh. He completed his orthopaedic residency at UPMC in 2008, followed by a Sports Medicine and Shoulder Fellowship at the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York (2009) with Profs. Russell Warren, Scott Rodeo, and David Altchek. He currently works as Professor and Chief of Sports Medicine at the UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center. Olufemi Ayeni completed his Orthopaedic Surgery residency at McMaster University, followed by two years of advanced Sports Medicine Fellowship training: first at the University of Ottawa/Carleton Sports Medicine Clinic under Donald H. Johnson, and then at the Hospital for Special Surgery/Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York. While in New York, he served as Assistant Team Physician for the New Jersey Nets (NBA) and Iona College (NCAA), and trained in hip arthroscopy under Bryan T. Kelly. He further broadened his expertise through a Visiting Hip Preservation Fellowship in Zurich (Schulthess Clinic) and Munich (Orthopädische Chirurgie München), a Master’s degree in 2012 in Health Research Methodology at McMaster University (Canada) and a PhD degree in 2017 from the University of Gothenburg (Sweden).About the Managing Editor:Renato Andrade graduated as a physiotherapist in 2014 and is currently Director of the Research Department at Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence in Porto, Portugal. His research focuses on research methodology (meta-research), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, orthopaedics, sports medicine, and rehabilitation. He has authored over 200 publications (>4,000 citations, h-index = 30). He served as Associate Editor of the British Journal of Sports Medicine from 2017 and 2020, and and continues to be an active peer reviewer for leading orthopaedics and sports medicine journals. He was listed in the “Top 2% Scientists” Elsevier/Stanford list for the year of 2025.

• Spinal Vertebrae Fracture.- Lumbar spinal cord injury.- Cervical muscle injury.-  Cervical Peripheral Nerve Injuries.- Lumbar disc herniation and spinal stenosis.- Low back pain.- Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.- Thoracic outlet syndrome.- Acromion fractures.- Avascular necrosis of the humeral head.- Bankart lesion.- Biceps muscle injury.- Biceps tendinopathy.- Calcific Tendinitis of the Rotator Cuff.- Cartilage Injuries, and arthritis.- Clavicular fracture.- Deltoid muscle injury.- Distal clavicle arthritis and osteolysis.- Failed Rotator cuff repair.- Floating shoulder.- Glenoid fracture.- Hill-Sachs lesion.- Little league shoulder.- Massive rotator cuff tear.- Pectoral major muscle injury.- Proximal Humeral fracture.- Scapular fracture.- Shoulder dislocation and instability (anterior, inferior, superior).- Shoulder multidirectional instability.- Shoulder instability (Posterior).- Sternoclavicular dislocation.- Subacromial and Subcoracoid Bursitis and Impingement.- Subscapularis tear.- Suprascapular neuropathy.- Latissimus dorsum and Teres major muscles injury.- Transient brachial plexopathy.- Rotator cuff tear.

João Espregueira-Mendes graduated in Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (Portugal) in 1985 and completed his residency in 1994. He is currently Chairman of Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, an ESSKA, ISAKOS, and ICRS Official Centre, and Full Professor and Chairman of Orthopaedics at the University of Minho. He was a Founding Member of SPAT and later its President (2004-2008), President of ESSKA (2012-2014), Founding President of ESSKA Foundation (2013). He is a Life Member of ESSKA, he also serves on the Board of the Patellofemoral Foundation, the Advisory Board of the FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, and the Consultative Council of the F.C. Porto Executive Board. He currently serves as President of ISAKOS (2025–2027). He has delivered over 850 lectures worldwide and published more than 300 works, including over 20 textbooks, with more than 7,000 citations.Jon Karlsson was born and raised in Iceland, where he graduated in Medicine from the University of Reykjavik. In 1981, he moved to Sweden and began working at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital and the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University. He defended his PhD thesis on “Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability” in 1989 and was appointed Associate Professor the following year. In 2010, he became Full Professor of Orthopaedics with a special focus on Sports Traumatology at the Sahlgrenska Academy. He was the caretaking physician for IFK Göteborg, a professional football club for 38 years. He currently serves as Professor Emeritus at the same institution. Volker Musahl received his medical degree from Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (Germany) in 1998 and trained in trauma surgery at Humboldt University, Berlin. In 2000, he moved to the United States as a post-doctoral fellow under Prof. Freddie Fu and Prof. Savio Woo at the University of Pittsburgh. He completed his orthopaedic residency at UPMC in 2008, followed by a Sports Medicine and Shoulder Fellowship at the Hospital for Special Surgery, New York (2009) with Profs. Russell Warren, Scott Rodeo, and David Altchek. He currently works as Professor and Chief of Sports Medicine at the UPMC Freddie Fu Sports Medicine Center. Olufemi Ayeni completed his Orthopaedic Surgery residency at McMaster University, followed by two years of advanced Sports Medicine Fellowship training: first at the University of Ottawa/Carleton Sports Medicine Clinic under Donald H. Johnson, and then at the Hospital for Special Surgery/Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York. While in New York, he served as Assistant Team Physician for the New Jersey Nets (NBA) and Iona College (NCAA), and trained in hip arthroscopy under Bryan T. Kelly. He further broadened his expertise through a Visiting Hip Preservation Fellowship in Zurich (Schulthess Clinic) and Munich (Orthopädische Chirurgie München), a Master’s degree in 2012 in Health Research Methodology at McMaster University (Canada) and a PhD degree in 2017 from the University of Gothenburg (Sweden).About the Managing Editor:Renato Andrade graduated as a physiotherapist in 2014 and is currently Director of the Research Department at Clínica Espregueira – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence in Porto, Portugal. His research focuses on research methodology (meta-research), systematic reviews and meta-analyses, orthopaedics, sports medicine, and rehabilitation. He has authored over 200 publications (>4,000 citations, h-index = 30). He served as Associate Editor of the British Journal of Sports Medicine from 2017 and 2020, and and continues to be an active peer reviewer for leading orthopaedics and sports medicine journals. He was listed in the “Top 2% Scientists” Elsevier/Stanford list for the year of 2025.

• Spinal Vertebrae Fracture.- Lumbar spinal cord injury.- Cervical muscle injury.-  Cervical Peripheral Nerve Injuries.- Lumbar disc herniation and spinal stenosis.- Low back pain.- Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.- Thoracic outlet syndrome.- Acromion fractures.- Avascular necrosis of the humeral head.- Bankart lesion.- Biceps muscle injury.- Biceps tendinopathy.- Calcific Tendinitis of the Rotator Cuff.- Cartilage Injuries, and arthritis.- Clavicular fracture.- Deltoid muscle injury.- Distal clavicle arthritis and osteolysis.- Failed Rotator cuff repair.- Floating shoulder.- Glenoid fracture.- Hill-Sachs lesion.- Little league shoulder.- Massive rotator cuff tear.- Pectoral major muscle injury.- Proximal Humeral fracture.- Scapular fracture.- Shoulder dislocation and instability (anterior, inferior, superior).- Shoulder multidirectional instability.- Shoulder instability (Posterior).- Sternoclavicular dislocation.- Subacromial and Subcoracoid Bursitis and Impingement.- Subscapularis tear.- Suprascapular neuropathy.- Latissimus dorsum and Teres major muscles injury.- Transient brachial plexopathy.- Rotator cuff tear.