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Data is at the center of many challenges in system design today. Difficult issues such as scalability, consistency, reliability, efficiency, and maintainability need to be resolved. In addition, there's an overwhelming variety of tools and analytical systems, including relational databases, NoSQL datastores, plus data warehouses and data lakes. What are the right choices for your application? How do you make sense of all these buzzwords?In this second edition, authors Martin Kleppmann and Chris Riccomini build on the foundation laid in the acclaimed first edition, integrating new technologies and emerging trends. You'll be guided through the maze of decisions and trade-offs involved in building a modern data system, from choosing the right tools like Spark and Flink to understanding the intricacies of data laws like the GDPR.Peer under the hood of the systems you already use, and learn to use them more effectivelyMake informed decisions by identifying the strengths and weaknesses of different toolsNavigate the trade-offs around consistency, scalability, fault tolerance, and complexityUnderstand the distributed systems research upon which modern databases are builtPeek behind the scenes of major online services, and learn from their architectures

Do you want to build web pages but have no prior experience? This friendly guide is the perfect place to start. You'll begin at square one, learning how the web and web pages work, and then steadily build from there. By the end of the book, you'll have the skills to create a simple site with multicolumn pages that adapt for mobile devices. Each chapter provides exercises to help you learn various techniques and short quizzes to make sure you understand key concepts. This thoroughly revised edition is ideal for students and professionals of all backgrounds and skill levels. It is simple and clear enough for beginners, yet thorough enough to be a useful reference for experienced developers keeping their skills up to date.

Python is an excellent way to get started in programming, and this clear, concise guide walks you through Python a step at a time-beginning with basic programming concepts before moving on to functions, data structures, and object-oriented design. This revised third edition reflects the growing role of large language models (LLMs) in programming and includes exercises on effective LLM prompts, testing code, and debugging skills.With this popular hands-on guide at your side, you'll get:A grounding in the syntax and semantics of the Python languageA clear definition of each programming concept, with emphasis on clear vocabularyHow to work with variables, statements, functions, and data structures in a logical progressionTechniques for reading and writing files and databasesA solid understanding of objects, methods, and object-oriented programmingDebugging strategies for syntax, runtime, and semantic errorsAn introduction to recursion, interface design, data structures, and basic algorithmsHow to use LLMs-including effective prompts, testing code, and debuggingAnd more

Recent breakthroughs in AI have not only increased demand for AI products, they've also lowered the barriers to entry for those who want to build AI products. The model-as-a-service approach has transformed AI from an esoteric discipline into a powerful development tool that anyone can use. Everyone, including those with minimal or no prior AI experience, can now leverage AI models to build applications. In this book, author Chip Huyen discusses AI engineering: the process of building applications with readily available foundation models.The book starts with an overview of AI engineering, explaining how it differs from traditional ML engineering and discussing the new AI stack. The more AI is used, the more opportunities there are for catastrophic failures, and therefore, the more important evaluation becomes. This book discusses different approaches to evaluating open-ended models, including the rapidly growing AI-as-a-judge approach.AI application developers will discover how to navigate the AI landscape, including models, datasets, evaluation benchmarks, and the seemingly infinite number of use cases and application patterns. You'll learn a framework for developing an AI application, starting with simple techniques and progressing toward more sophisticated methods, and discover how to efficiently deploy these applications.Understand what AI engineering is and how it differs from traditional machine learning engineeringLearn the process for developing an AI application, the challenges at each step, and approaches to address themExplore various model adaptation techniques, including prompt engineering, RAG, fine-tuning, agents, and dataset engineering, and understand how and why they workExamine the bottlenecks for latency and cost when serving foundation models and learn how to overcome themChoose the right model, dataset, evaluation benchmarks, and metrics for your needsChip Huyen works to accelerate data analytics on GPUs at Voltron Data. Previously, she was with Snorkel AI and NVIDIA, founded an AI infrastructure startup, and taught Machine Learning Systems Design at Stanford. She's the author of the book Designing Machine Learning Systems, an Amazon bestseller in AI.AI Engineering builds upon and is complementary to Designing Machine Learning Systems (O'Reilly).

AI has acquired startling new language capabilities in just the past few years. Driven by the rapid advances in deep learning, language AI systems are able to write and understand text better than ever before. This trend enables the rise of new features, products, and entire industries. With this book, Python developers will learn the practical tools and concepts they need to use these capabilities today.You'll learn how to use the power of pretrained large language models for use cases like copywriting and summarization; create semantic search systems that go beyond keyword matching; build systems that classify and cluster text to enable scalable understanding of large numbers of text documents; and use existing libraries and pretrained models for text classification, search, and clusterings.This book also shows you how to:Build advanced LLM pipelines to cluster text documents and explore the topics they belong toBuild semantic search engines that go beyond keyword search with methods like dense retrieval and rerankersLearn various use cases where these models can provide valueUnderstand the architecture of underlying Transformer models like BERT and GPTGet a deeper understanding of how LLMs are trainedOptimize LLMs for specific applications with methods such as generative model fine-tuning, contrastive fine-tuning, and in-context learning

Through a recent series of breakthroughs, deep learning has boosted the entire field of machine learning. Now, even programmers who know close to nothing about this technology can use simple, efficient tools to implement programs capable of learning from data. This best-selling book uses concrete examples, minimal theory, and production-ready Python frameworks--scikit-learn, Keras, and TensorFlow--to help you gain an intuitive understanding of the concepts and tools for building intelligent systems.With this updated third edition, author Aurelien Geron explores a range of techniques, starting with simple linear regression and progressing to deep neural networks. Numerous code examples and exercises throughout the book help you apply what you've learned. Programming experience is all you need to get started.Use scikit-learn to track an example machine learning project end to endExplore several models, including support vector machines, decision trees, random forests, and ensemble methodsExploit unsupervised learning techniques such as dimensionality reduction, clustering, and anomaly detectionDive into neural net architectures, including convolutional nets, recurrent nets, generative adversarial networks, and transformersUse TensorFlow and Keras to build and train neural nets for computer vision, natural language processing, generative models, and deep reinforcement learningTrain neural nets using multiple GPUs and deploy them at scale using Google's Vertex AI

What will you learn from this book?You know you don't want to reinvent the wheel, so you look to Design Patterns: the lessons learned by those who've faced the same software design problems. With Design Patterns, you get to take advantage of the best practices and experience of others so you can spend your time on something more challenging. Something more fun. This book shows you the patterns that matter, when to use them and why, how to apply them to your own designs, and the object-oriented design principles on which they're based. Join hundreds of thousands of developers who've improved their object-oriented design skills through Head First Design Patterns.What's so special about this book?If you've read a Head First book, you know what to expect: a visually rich format designed for the way your brain works. With Head First Design Patterns, 2E you'll learn design principles and patterns in a way that won't put you to sleep, so you can get out there to solve software design problems and speak the language of patterns with others on your team.

Managing people is difficult wherever you work. But in the tech industry, where management is also a technical discipline, the learning curve can be brutal-especially when there are few tools, texts, and frameworks to help you. In this practical guide, author Camille Fournier (tech lead turned CTO) takes you through each stage in the journey from engineer to technical manager. From mentoring interns to working with senior staff, you'll get actionable advice for approaching various obstacles in your path. This book is ideal whether you're a new manager, a mentor, or a more experienced leader looking for fresh advice. Pick up this book and learn how to become a better manager and leader in your organization. Begin by exploring what you expect from a manager Understand what it takes to be a good mentor, and a good tech lead Learn how to manage individual members while remaining focused on the entire team Understand how to manage yourself and avoid common pitfalls that challenge many leaders Manage multiple teams and learn how to manage managers Learn how to build and bootstrap a unifying culture in teams

Now in full color, the 10th anniversary edition of this classic book takes you deep into the influences that underlie modern video games, and examines the elements they share with traditional games such as checkers. At the heart of his exploration, veteran game designer Raph Koster takes a close look at the concept of fun and why it's the most vital element in any game. Why do some games become boring quickly, while others remain fun for years? How do games serve as fundamental and powerful learning tools? Whether you're a game developer, dedicated gamer, or curious observer, this illustrated, fully updated edition helps you understand what drives this major cultural force, and inspires you to take it further. You'll discover that: Games play into our innate ability to seek patterns and solve puzzles Most successful games are built upon the same elements Slightly more females than males now play games Many games still teach primitive survival skills Fictional dressing for modern games is more developed than the conceptual elements Truly creative designers seldom use other games for inspiration Games are beginning to evolve beyond their prehistoric origins

Designing good application interfaces isn’t easy now that companies need to create compelling, seamless user experiences across an exploding number of channels, screens, and contexts. In this updated third edition, you’ll learn how to navigate through the maze of design options. By capturing UI best practices as design patterns, this best-selling book provides solutions to common design problems.You’ll learn patterns for mobile apps, web applications, and desktop software. Each pattern contains full-color examples and practical design advice you can apply immediately. Experienced designers can use this guide as an idea sourcebook, and novices will find a road map to the world of interface and interaction design.Understand your users before you start designingBuild your software’s structure so it makes sense to usersDesign components to help users complete tasks on any deviceLearn how to promote wayfinding in your softwarePlace elements to guide users to information and functionsLearn how visual design can make or break product usabilityDisplay complex data with artful visualizations

Messy code is a nuisance. "Tidying" code, to make it more readable, requires breaking it up into manageable sections. In this practical guide, author Kent Beck, creator of Extreme Programming and pioneer of software patterns, suggests when and where you might apply tidyings to improve your code while keeping the overall structure of the system in mind.Instead of trying to master tidying all at once, this book lets you try out a few examples that make sense for your problem. If you have a big function containing many lines of code, you'll learn how to logically divide it into smaller chunks. Along the way, you'll learn the theory behind software design: coupling, cohesion, discounted cash flows, and optionality.This book helps you:Understand the basic theory of how software design works and the forces that act on itExplore the difference between changes to a system's behavior and changes to its structureImprove your programming experience by sometimes tidying first and sometimes tidying afterLearn how to make large changes in small, safe stepsApproach design as a human activity with diverging incentives

Building software is harder than ever. As a developer, you not only have to chase ever-changing technological trends but also need to understand the business domains behind the software. This practical book provides you with a set of core patterns, principles, and practices for analyzing business domains, understanding business strategy, and, most importantly, aligning software design with its business needs.Author Vlad Khononov shows you how these practices lead to robust implementation of business logic and help to future-proof software design and architecture. You'll examine the relationship between domain-driven design (DDD) and other methodologies to ensure you make architectural decisions that meet business requirements. You'll also explore the real-life story of implementing DDD in a startup company.With this book, you'll learn how to:Analyze a company's business domain to learn how the system you're building fits its competitive strategyUse DDD's strategic and tactical tools to architect effective software solutions that address business needsBuild a shared understanding of the business domains you encounterDecompose a system into bounded contextsCoordinate the work of multiple teamsGradually introduce DDD to brownfield projects

JavaScript is the programming language of the web and is used by more software developers today than any other programming language. For nearly 25 years this best seller has been the go-to guide for JavaScript programmers. The seventh edition is fully updated to cover the 2020 version of JavaScript, and new chapters cover classes, modules, iterators, generators, Promises, async/await, and metaprogramming. You'll find illuminating and engaging example code throughout.This book is for programmers who want to learn JavaScript and for web developers who want to take their understanding and mastery to the next level. It begins by explaining the JavaScript language itself, in detail, from the bottom up. It then builds on that foundation to cover the web platform and Node.js. Topics include:Types, values, variables, expressions, operators, statements, objects, and arraysFunctions, classes, modules, iterators, generators, Promises, and async/awaitJavaScript's standard library: data structures, regular expressions, JSON, i18n, etc.The web platform: documents, components, graphics, networking, storage, and threadsNode.js: buffers, files, streams, threads, child processes, web clients, and web serversTools and language extensions that professional JavaScript developers rely on

TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript with the potential to solve many of the headaches for which JavaScript is famous. But TypeScript has a learning curve of its own, and understanding how to use it effectively takes time and practice. Using the format popularized by Effective C++ and Effective Java (both Addison-Wesley), this practical book features 83 items that give specific advice on what to do and what not to do, and how to think about the language.Author Dan Vanderkam shows you how to apply each item's advice through concrete examples. This book will help you advance from a beginning or intermediate user familiar with TypeScript basics to an expert who knows how to use the language well.Updated for TypeScript 5, this second edition includes two new chapters on type-level programming and TypeScript recipes.Learn the nuts and bolts of TypeScript's type systemUse type inference to get full safety with a minimum of type annotationsDesign types to make your code safer and more understandableModel complex APIs using generic types and type-level programmingUnderstand how dependencies and type declaration files work in TypeScriptSuccessfully migrate your JavaScript code base to TypeScript

To stay competitive in today’s market, organizations need to adopt a culture of customer-centric practices that focus on outcomes rather than outputs. Companies that live and die by outputs often fall into the "build trap," cranking out features to meet their schedule rather than the customer’s needs. In this book, Melissa Perri explains how laying the foundation for great product management can help companies solve real customer problems while achieving business goals. By understanding how to communicate and collaborate within a company structure, you can create a product culture that benefits both the business and the customer. You’ll learn product management principles that can be applied to any organization, big or small. In five parts, this book explores: Why organizations ship features rather than cultivate the value those features represent How to set up a product organization that scales How product strategy connects a company’s vision and economic outcomes back to the product activities How to identify and pursue the right opportunities for producing value through an iterative product framework How to build a culture focused on successful outcomes over outputs

When you have questions about C# 12 or .NET 8, this best-selling guide has the answers you need. C# is a language of unusual flexibility and breadth, and with its continual growth, there's always so much more to learn. In the tradition of O'Reilly's Nutshell guides, this thoroughly updated edition is simply the best one-volume reference to the C# language available today.Aimed at intermediate and advanced programmers, this is a book whose explanations get straight to the point, covering C#, the CLR, and the core .NET libraries in depth, without long intros or bloated samples.Get up to speed on C# from syntax and variables to advanced topics such as pointers, closures, and patternsDig deep into LINQ, with three chapters dedicated to the topicExplore concurrency and asynchrony, advanced threading, and parallel programmingWork with .NET features, including regular expressions, networking, assemblies, spans, cryptography and reflection.emit

For years, companies have rewarded their most effective engineers by suggesting they move to a management position. But treating management as the default (or only) path for an engineer with leadership ability doesn't serve the industry well. The staff engineer path allows you to contribute at a high level, with more free time to drive big projects, determine tech strategy, and raise everyone's skills.With this in-depth book, author Tanya Reilly shows you ways to master strategic thinking, manage difficult projects, and set the standard for technical work. You'll learn how to be a leader without direct authority, how to plan ahead so that you're making the right technical decisions, and how to make everyone around you better, all while still leaving you time to grow as an expert in your domain.In three parts, you'll explore the three pillars of an engineer's job:Big picture thinking: learn how to take a broad, strategic view when thinking about your workProject execution: dive into tactics and explore the practicalities of making projects succeedBeing a positive influence: determine the standards for what "good engineering" means in your organization

As AI agents move from research labs into production, engineering teams face mounting challenges-fragile tools, rising inference costs, erratic behavior, and unmet expectations. AI Agents: The Definitive Guide addresses what most books avoid: how to design, deploy, and maintain autonomous LLM agents that actually work in the real world. Written by Nicole Koenigstein, a leader in agentic AI with deep experience across finance, research, and engineering, this book offers the practical, system-level foundations needed to build robust, scalable, and secure agentic systems.Whether you're tasked with making agent prototypes production-ready or building mission-critical automation from the ground up, this book guides you through every layer of the stack. It covers architectures, tool integration, performance optimization, safety strategies, and advanced evaluation, with a relentless focus on reliability and long-term value.Design agent systems using modern frameworks like Reflexion, ReAct, and LangGraphOptimize deployment with advanced model techniques and GPU-aware inference strategiesSecurely integrate agents with tools using sandboxing, API contracts, and interface isolationBuild rigorous agent evaluation pipelines and address "agent-washing" failuresScale fault-tolerant agents across orchestration platforms like Ray and KubernetesApply debugging and monitoring practices to ensure safe agent reasoning and execution

The potential of machine learning today is extraordinary, yet many aspiring developers and tech professionals find themselves daunted by its complexity. Perhaps you're ready to jump in, but you're unsure where or how to begin. Whether you're looking to enhance your skill set and apply machine learning to real-world projects or are simply curious about how AI systems function, this book is your jumping-off place.In a way that's approachable yet deeply informative, author Aurelien Geron delivers the ultimate introductory guide to machine learning and deep learning. With a focus on clear explanations and real-world Python examples, the book takes you through cutting-edge tools like scikit-learn and PyTorch-from basic regression techniques to advanced neural networks like transformers and generative adversarial networks. Whether you're a student, professional, or hobbyist, you'll gain the skills to begin building intelligent systems.Understand ML basics, including concepts like overfitting and hyperparameter tuningLearn to build end-to-end ML projects using scikit-learn, from data exploration to model evaluationExplore advanced architectures like convolutional and recurrent neural networks with PyTorchDiscover techniques for unsupervised learning, such as clustering and anomaly detectionIncrease your expertise in state-of-the-art AI systems by fine-tuning pretrained modelsBuild tangible skills with complete hands-on coding exercises and real-world applications

Don't waste time bending Python to fit patterns you've learned in other languages. Python's simplicity lets you become productive quickly, but often this means you aren't using everything the language has to offer. With the updated edition of this hands-on guide, you'll learn how to write effective, modern Python 3 code by leveraging its best ideas.Discover and apply idiomatic Python 3 features beyond your past experience. Author Luciano Ramalho guides you through Python's core language features and libraries and teaches you how to make your code shorter, faster, and more readable.Complete with major updates throughout, this new edition features five parts that work as five short books within the book:Data structures: Sequences, dicts, sets, Unicode, and data classesFunctions as objects: First-class functions, related design patterns, and type hints in function declarationsObject-oriented idioms: Composition, inheritance, mixins, interfaces, operator overloading, protocols, and more static typesControl flow: Context managers, generators, coroutines, async/await, and thread/process poolsMetaprogramming: Properties, attribute descriptors, class decorators, and new class metaprogramming hooks that replace or simplify metaclasses

Prototyping and user testing is the best way to create successful products, but many designers skip this important step and use gut instinct instead. By explaining the goals and methodologies behind prototyping-and demonstrating how to prototype for both physical and digital products-this practical guide helps beginning and intermediate designers become more comfortable with creating and testing prototypes early and often in the process. Author Kathryn McElroy explains various prototyping methods, from fast and dirty to high fidelity and refined, and reveals ways to test your prototypes with users. You'll gain valuable insights for improving your product, whether it's a smartphone app or a new electronic gadget. Learn similarities and differences between prototyping for physical and digital products Know what fidelity level is needed for different prototypes Get best practices for prototyping in a variety of mediums, and choose which prototyping software or components to use Learn electronics prototyping basics and resources for getting started Write basic pseudocode and translate it into usable code for Arduino Conduct user tests to gain insights from prototypes

In today's environment of partial attention and isolating remote work, few things are more satisfying than group experiences that produce powerful, meaningful connections and output. But this kind of enlivening, collective work doesn't happen by chance. It must be consciously designed and purposefully activated--;in a team, an organization, and a culture. The good news is that making space for this kind of work doesn't have to be hard. There's a technique available to everyone, with no special certification required: gamestorming.This substantial update to the best-selling O'Reilly book now includes three new chapters and 95 games. The authors identified and curated techniques from some of the world's most innovative professionals as well as inventing games of their own. This book is the result: a unique collection of approaches to simultaneously ignite engagement and level-up creative teamship while bringing agility and structure to gatherings at work in person and online.Shorten meetings and make them significantly more productiveIncrease efficacy and engagement in strategic thinking and problem-solvingEnhance connection and communication across team membersElevate collaboration and uncover surprising solutions to sticky problemsGenerate better ideas and significantly improve remote work experiences

Go has rapidly become the preferred language for building web services. Plenty of tutorials are available to teach Go's syntax to developers with experience in other programming languages, but tutorials aren't enough. They don't teach Go's idioms, so developers end up recreating patterns that don't make sense in a Go context. This practical guide provides the essential background you need to write clear and idiomatic Go. No matter your level of experience, you'll learn how to think like a Go developer. Author Jon Bodner introduces the design patterns experienced Go developers have adopted and explores the rationale for using them. This updated edition also shows you how Go's generics support fits into the language. This book helps you: Write idiomatic code in Go and design a Go project Understand the reasons behind Go's design decisions Set up a Go development environment for a solo developer or team Learn how and when to use reflection, unsafe, and cgo Discover how Go's features allow the language to run efficiently Know which Go features you should use sparingly or not at all Use Go's tools to improve performance, optimize memory usage, and reduce garbage collection Learn how to use Go's advanced development tools

There are no easy decisions in software architecture. Instead, there are many hard parts--difficult problems or issues with no best practices--that force you to choose among various compromises. With this book, you'll learn how to think critically about the trade-offs involved with distributed architectures.Architecture veterans and practicing consultants Neal Ford, Mark Richards, Pramod Sadalage, and Zhamak Dehghani discuss strategies for choosing an appropriate architecture. By interweaving a story about a fictional group of technology professionals--the Sysops Squad--they examine everything from how to determine service granularity, manage workflows and orchestration, manage and decouple contracts, and manage distributed transactions to how to optimize operational characteristics, such as scalability, elasticity, and performance.By focusing on commonly asked questions, this book provides techniques to help you discover and weigh the trade-offs as you confront the issues you face as an architect.Analyze trade-offs and effectively document your decisionsMake better decisions regarding service granularityUnderstand the complexities of breaking apart monolithic applicationsManage and decouple contracts between servicesHandle data in a highly distributed architectureLearn patterns to manage workflow and transactions when breaking apart applications

Make: Electronics explores the properties and applications of discrete components that are the fundamental building blocks of circuit design. Understanding resistors, capacitors, transistors, inductors, diodes, and integrated circuit chips is essential even when using microcontrollers. Make: Electronics teaches the fundamentals and also provides advice on the tools and supplies that are necessary. Component kits are available, specifically developed for the third edition.

We're building more products today than ever before, but most of them fail--not because we can't complete what we want to build but because we waste time, money, and effort building the wrong product. What we need is a systematic process for quickly vetting product ideas and raising our odds of success. That's the promise of Running Lean.In this inspiring book, Ash Maurya takes you through an exacting strategy for achieving product/market fit for your fledgling venture. You'll learn ideas and concepts from several innovative methodologies, including the Lean Startup, business model design, design thinking, and Jobs-to-be-Done. This new edition introduces the continuous innovation framework and follows one entrepreneur's journey from initial vision to a business model that works.Deconstruct your idea using a one-page Lean CanvasStress-test your idea for desirability, viability, and feasibilityDefine key milestones charted on a traction roadmapMaximize your team's efforts for speed, learning, and focusPrioritize the right actions at the right timeLearn how to conduct effective customer interviewsEngage your customers throughout the development cycleContinually test your product with smaller, faster iterationsFind a repeatable and scalable business model

Talking to people about your designs might seem like a basic skill, but it can be difficult to do well. In many cases, how you communicate with stakeholders, clients, and other nondesigners may be more important than the designs themselves. Because if you can’t get their support, your work will never see the light of day—no matter how good it is.This practical guide focuses on principles, tactics, and actionable methods for presenting your designs. Whether you design apps, websites, or products, you’ll learn how to get support from people who have influence over the project with the goal of creating the best user experience.Walk through the process of preparing and presenting your designsUnderstand stakeholder perspectives and learn how to empathize with themCultivate both implicit and explicit listening skillsLearn tactics and strategies for expressing the most effective response to feedbackCreate the right documentation for your decisions to avoid repeated conversationsLearn why following through is just as important as the meeting itself

Many engineers assume their organization doesn't have an engineering strategy - when in fact, they often have one. It just may not be working. In Crafting Engineering Strategy, Will Larson (author of An Elegant Puzzle and Staff Engineer) offers a practical, example-rich guide to navigating technical and organizational complexity through structured, intentional strategy.Written for senior engineers, engineering leaders, architects, and curious collaborators, this book walks through a repeatable process for building effective, actionable strategies. With lessons drawn from real-world case studies at companies like Stripe, Uber, and Calm, Larson provides a framework for shaping critical decisions around system migrations, API deprecations, platform investments, and more. Along the way, you'll learn to bridge technical planning with communication, governance, and systems thinking. Whether you're shaping your team's direction or leading a company-wide initiative, this guide will help you make thoughtful decisions that stick.Build durable engineering strategies from first principlesApply methods like Wardley mapping and systems modelingLead strategy as a staff+ engineer or executiveLearn from detailed case studies across industryImprove your strategic fluency and influence over time