AAP Research Notes on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology – serie

This volume covers a wide range of adsorption activities of porous carbon (PC), CNTs, and carbon nano structures that have been employed so far for the removal of various pollutants from water, wastewater, and organic compounds. The low cost, high efficiency, simplicity, and ease in the upscaling of adsorption processes using PC make the adsorption technique attractive for the removal and recovery of organic compounds. The activated carbon modification process has also been of interest to overcome some of the limitations of the adsorbents. Due to a large specific surface area, and small, hollow, and layered structures, CNTs and carbon nano structures have been investigated as promising adsorbents for various metal ions. Inorganic and organic pollutants can be easily modified by chemical treatment to increase their adsorption capacity. There is the huge hope that nanotubes applications will lead to a cleaner and healthier environment. A brief summary of these modeling methods is reviewed in this volume. Also, two important simulation methods, the Monte Carlo and the Molecular Dynamic, are included in this volume. The presence of micro and mesopores is essential for many researchers aiming to control micro or mesoporosity. The present volume attempts to give a general view of the recent activities on the study of pore structure control, with application novel simulation and modeling methods and the necessity and importance of this controlling. This volume also provides a brief overview of the methodology and modeling beside simulation methods for characterization of nanoporous carbons by using adsorption isotherm parameters.

The collection of topics in this book reflects the diversity of recent advances in nanoelements formation and interactions in nanosystems with a broad perspective that is useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. One of the main tasks in making nanocomposites is building the dependence of the structure and shape of the nanoelements, forming the basis for the composite of their sizes. This is because with an increase or a decrease in the specific size of nanoelements, their physical–mechanical properties such as the coefficient of elasticity, strength, and deformation parameter, vary by over one order. The calculations show that this is primarily due to a significant rearrangement of the atomic structure and the shape of the nanoelement. The investigation of the above parameters of the nanoelements is technically complicated and laborious because of their small sizes. When the characteristics of powder nanocomposites are calculated, it is also very important to take into account the interaction of the nanoelements since the changes in their original shapes and sizes in the interaction process and during the formation of the nanocomposite can lead to a significant change in its properties and a cardinal structural rearrangement. In addition, the studies show the appearance of the processes of the ordering and self-assembling leading to a more organized form of a nanosystem. The above phenomena play an important role in nanotechnological processes. They allow nanotechnologies to be developed for the formation of nanostructures by the self-assembling method (which is based on self-organizing processes) and building up complex spatial nanostructures consisting of different nanoelements. The study of the above dependences based on the mathematical modeling methods requires the solution of the aforementioned problem at the atomic level. This requires large computational aids and computational time, which makes the development of economical calculation methods urgent. The objective of this volume is the development of such a technique in various nanosystems.

In this research notes book, the modelling of mechanical properties of CNT/polymer nanocomposites is presented. The book begins with the structural and intrinsic mechanical properties of CNTs and then introduces computational methods that have been applied to polymer nanocomposites, covering from molecular scale (molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo), microscale (Brownian dynamics, dissipative particle dynamics, lattice Boltzmann, time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau method, dynamic density functional theory method) to mesoscale and macroscale (micromechanics, equivalent-continuum and self-similar approaches, finite element method). Knowledge of the nature and mechanics of the length and orientation of nanotubes, and load transfer between nanotubes and polymers, is critical for the manufacturing of enhanced carbon nanotube polymer composites. It also enables the tailoring of the interface for specific applications or superior mechanical properties. This book discusses the state of these parameters in mechanics of carbon nanotube polymer composites and presents some directions for future research in this field.The book’s aim is to enhance current knowledge in this area to support researchers in carbon nanotubes and help them choose the appropriate modelling tool for accomplishing their research.

Carbon nanotubes, with their extraordinary engineering properties, have garnered much attention in the past 10 years. Because of the broad range of potential applications, the scientific community is more motivated than ever to move beyond basic properties and explore the real issues associated with carbon nanotube-based applications. Presenting up-to-date literature that presents the current state of the science, this book, Engineered Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibrous Material: Integrating Theory and Technique, fully explores the development phase of carbon nanotube-based applications. It looks at carbon nanotubes and their applications in diverse areas of science and engineering and considers environmental engineering applications as well. This volume is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists, researchers, and professionals in a wide range of disciplines whose focus remains on the power and promise of carbon nanotubes.

This new volume looks at significant new research, methodologies, and applications in the fields of carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles. It explores a variety of new developments in advanced carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles along with the tools to characterize and predict their properties and behavior. It introduces and reviews methods that are most frequently encountered in sophisticated nano-scaled materials domains, and helps to bridge the gap between classical analysis and modern real-life applications. A diverse array of topics in the field is addressed that provides many practical insights into nanocomposites and nanomaterials sciences.

Showcasing a selection of new research on nanotechnological applications for environmental protection along with new advanced technologies in nanochemistry, this volume presents an interdisciplinary approach that brings together materials science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. Part I of the volume looks at environmental topics that include an exploration of the challenges of the global water crisis and new technology in nanofiltration and water purification. It provides an informative overview of green nanotechnology, green nanomaterials, and green chemistry. Some of the advanced technologies discussed in Part II include the application of quantum dots, a nanochemical approach to using ICT technology, and new research on polymer nanocomposites as a smart material along with its synthesis, preparation, and properties. Other important topics are included as well.

This new volume presents a wealth of practical experience and research on new methodologies and important applications in chemical nanotechnology. It also includes small-scale nanotechnology-related projects that have potential applications in several disciplines of chemistry and nanotechnology. In this book, contributions range from new methods to novel applications of existing methods to gain understanding of the material and/or structural behavior of new and advanced systems. Topics cover computational methods in chemical engineering and chemoinformatics, studies of some of physico-chemical properties of several important nanoalloy clusters, the use of 3D reconstruction of nanofibrous membranes, nanotechnology research for green engineering and sustainability, nanofiltration and carbon nanotubes applications in water treatment, and much more.

This new volume offers a state-of-the-art report on various recent scientific developments in the theory of engineering materials. It addresses the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures.Focusing on practical applications and industry needs, and supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background, the volume provides an overview of approaches that have been developed for designing nanostructured materials. It also covers several aspects of the simulation and design of nanomaterials, analyzed by a selected group of active researchers in the field. The volume also looks at how the advancement of computational tools have enabled nanoscopic prediction of physical and chemical properties and how they can be used to simulate and analyze nanostructures.Materials Modeling for Macro to Micro/Nano Scale Systems is addressed to a wide readership and will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference source for professionals including engineers, applied mathematicians, and others working on different application of nanomaterials in engineering.

This volume covers a wide range of adsorption activities of porous carbon (PC), CNTs, and carbon nano structures that have been employed so far for the removal of various pollutants from water, wastewater, and organic compounds. The low cost, high efficiency, simplicity, and ease in the upscaling of adsorption processes using PC make the adsorption technique attractive for the removal and recovery of organic compounds. The activated carbon modification process has also been of interest to overcome some of the limitations of the adsorbents. Due to a large specific surface area, and small, hollow, and layered structures, CNTs and carbon nano structures have been investigated as promising adsorbents for various metal ions. Inorganic and organic pollutants can be easily modified by chemical treatment to increase their adsorption capacity. There is the huge hope that nanotubes applications will lead to a cleaner and healthier environment. A brief summary of these modeling methods is reviewed in this volume. Also, two important simulation methods, the Monte Carlo and the Molecular Dynamic, are included in this volume. The presence of micro and mesopores is essential for many researchers aiming to control micro or mesoporosity. The present volume attempts to give a general view of the recent activities on the study of pore structure control, with application novel simulation and modeling methods and the necessity and importance of this controlling. This volume also provides a brief overview of the methodology and modeling beside simulation methods for characterization of nanoporous carbons by using adsorption isotherm parameters.

The collection of topics in this book reflects the diversity of recent advances in nanoelements formation and interactions in nanosystems with a broad perspective that is useful for scientists as well as for graduate students and engineers. One of the main tasks in making nanocomposites is building the dependence of the structure and shape of the nanoelements, forming the basis for the composite of their sizes. This is because with an increase or a decrease in the specific size of nanoelements, their physical–mechanical properties such as the coefficient of elasticity, strength, and deformation parameter, vary by over one order. The calculations show that this is primarily due to a significant rearrangement of the atomic structure and the shape of the nanoelement. The investigation of the above parameters of the nanoelements is technically complicated and laborious because of their small sizes. When the characteristics of powder nanocomposites are calculated, it is also very important to take into account the interaction of the nanoelements since the changes in their original shapes and sizes in the interaction process and during the formation of the nanocomposite can lead to a significant change in its properties and a cardinal structural rearrangement. In addition, the studies show the appearance of the processes of the ordering and self-assembling leading to a more organized form of a nanosystem. The above phenomena play an important role in nanotechnological processes. They allow nanotechnologies to be developed for the formation of nanostructures by the self-assembling method (which is based on self-organizing processes) and building up complex spatial nanostructures consisting of different nanoelements. The study of the above dependences based on the mathematical modeling methods requires the solution of the aforementioned problem at the atomic level. This requires large computational aids and computational time, which makes the development of economical calculation methods urgent. The objective of this volume is the development of such a technique in various nanosystems.

In this research notes book, the modelling of mechanical properties of CNT/polymer nanocomposites is presented. The book begins with the structural and intrinsic mechanical properties of CNTs and then introduces computational methods that have been applied to polymer nanocomposites, covering from molecular scale (molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo), microscale (Brownian dynamics, dissipative particle dynamics, lattice Boltzmann, time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau method, dynamic density functional theory method) to mesoscale and macroscale (micromechanics, equivalent-continuum and self-similar approaches, finite element method). Knowledge of the nature and mechanics of the length and orientation of nanotubes, and load transfer between nanotubes and polymers, is critical for the manufacturing of enhanced carbon nanotube polymer composites. It also enables the tailoring of the interface for specific applications or superior mechanical properties. This book discusses the state of these parameters in mechanics of carbon nanotube polymer composites and presents some directions for future research in this field.The book’s aim is to enhance current knowledge in this area to support researchers in carbon nanotubes and help them choose the appropriate modelling tool for accomplishing their research.

This book provides valuable information on the new class of nanostructures—metal/carbon nanocomposites—and discusses new methods of their synthesis, properties, and applications. It covers computer prognosis, including quantum chemical modeling, for metal/carbon nanocomposites synthesis processing as well as fine dispersed suspensions obtaining processes and material modification processes. Intended for researchers, academics, and post-graduate students, the book will give readers an up-to-date look at this important and valuable new class of nanostructures: metal/carbon nanocomposites.

Nanosturctures, Nanomaterials, and Nanotechnologies to Nanoindustry presents the most important information about new trends in nanochemistry and nanotechnology as well as in nanobiology and nanomedicine. It covers the obtaining and manufacturing of nanostructures, nanomaterial science, investigation of nanostructures and nanomaterials, development of prognostication apparatus when obtaining and investigating nanoproducts, as well as the application of nanoproducts and nanotechnologies in different areas. The book discusses mastering nanotechnologies and semi-industrial and industrial production of nanocomposites and nanomaterials, and provides a practical introduction of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies into different areas, including medicine and agriculture. The contributors include representatives of industrial enterprises and research institutions. The book will be useful for researchers, professors/instructors (for teaching specific courses), students and postgraduates and also for personal re-qualification and for university/college libraries.

Carbon nanotubes, with their extraordinary engineering properties, have garnered much attention in the past 10 years. Because of the broad range of potential applications, the scientific community is more motivated than ever to move beyond basic properties and explore the real issues associated with carbon nanotube-based applications. Presenting up-to-date literature that presents the current state of the science, this book, Engineered Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibrous Material: Integrating Theory and Technique, fully explores the development phase of carbon nanotube-based applications. It looks at carbon nanotubes and their applications in diverse areas of science and engineering and considers environmental engineering applications as well. This volume is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists, researchers, and professionals in a wide range of disciplines whose focus remains on the power and promise of carbon nanotubes.

This new volume looks at significant new research, methodologies, and applications in the fields of carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles. It explores a variety of new developments in advanced carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles along with the tools to characterize and predict their properties and behavior. It introduces and reviews methods that are most frequently encountered in sophisticated nano-scaled materials domains, and helps to bridge the gap between classical analysis and modern real-life applications. A diverse array of topics in the field is addressed that provides many practical insights into nanocomposites and nanomaterials sciences.

Showcasing a selection of new research on nanotechnological applications for environmental protection along with new advanced technologies in nanochemistry, this volume presents an interdisciplinary approach that brings together materials science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. Part I of the volume looks at environmental topics that include an exploration of the challenges of the global water crisis and new technology in nanofiltration and water purification. It provides an informative overview of green nanotechnology, green nanomaterials, and green chemistry. Some of the advanced technologies discussed in Part II include the application of quantum dots, a nanochemical approach to using ICT technology, and new research on polymer nanocomposites as a smart material along with its synthesis, preparation, and properties. Other important topics are included as well.

This new volume presents a wealth of practical experience and research on new methodologies and important applications in chemical nanotechnology. It also includes small-scale nanotechnology-related projects that have potential applications in several disciplines of chemistry and nanotechnology. In this book, contributions range from new methods to novel applications of existing methods to gain understanding of the material and/or structural behavior of new and advanced systems. Topics cover computational methods in chemical engineering and chemoinformatics, studies of some of physico-chemical properties of several important nanoalloy clusters, the use of 3D reconstruction of nanofibrous membranes, nanotechnology research for green engineering and sustainability, nanofiltration and carbon nanotubes applications in water treatment, and much more.

This new book discusses a selection of advanced topics on carbon nanotubes—their extraordinary properties, structure, design, fabrication, development, engineering, functionalization, carbon nanotube enabled nanocomposites, characterization, and, moreover, their utility in many applications. The volume highlights the amazing potential of advanced CNT composites in automotive, aeronautics, spacecrafts, transistors replacing Si electronics, energy, purification, hydrogen storage, tissue regeneration, electrochemical supercapacitors, sensing, biomedical applications, agriculture, energy, and technical applications.The book specifically discusses the applications of carbon nanotubes for a greener environment, as well as applications for biomedical uses, in drug delivery, and in display technology. It also explores the uses of CNTs in the energy and aerospace industries, such as for solar energy conversion, as a lubricant additive for enhancing energy efficiency, and more. Other chapters explore the potential of carbon nanotubes in hydrogen storage and carbon nanotube electronics.

Carbon Nanotubes for a Green Environment: Balancing the Risks and Rewards describes the synthesis, characterization, and unique applications of undoped and doped carbon nanotubes as well as hybrids of them with grapheme or nanocomposites, focusing on green aspects of carbon nanotube applications. The volume shows new approaches used for tapping the potential and promise of key materials in isolation or combined with other materials.The research-oriented chapters highlight a spectrum of applications of carbon nanotubes as novel materials for energy storage as well as for environmental remediation, wastewater treatment, green health care products, and more. Chapters explore the use of carbon nanotubes for remediation methods for wastewater treatment such as by using graphene oxide-carbon nanotube composites and by applying undoped and doped carbon nanotubes for removing contaminates. The book also looks at the application of carbon nanotubes for enhanced oil recovery and for heavy metal separation. Other chapters look at the rheological behavior of carbon nanotubes-based materials and their role in processing for various products, the thermal and electrical transport in carbon nanotubes composites, carbon nanotubes-based composite materials for electromagnetic shielding applications. The biomedical applications of carbon nanotube-based nanomaterials also explored, such as FTIR spectroscopy.

Carbon Nanotubes for a Green Environment: Balancing the Risks and Rewards describes the synthesis, characterization, and unique applications of undoped and doped carbon nanotubes as well as hybrids of them with grapheme or nanocomposites, focusing on green aspects of carbon nanotube applications. The volume shows new approaches used for tapping the potential and promise of key materials in isolation or combined with other materials.The research-oriented chapters highlight a spectrum of applications of carbon nanotubes as novel materials for energy storage as well as for environmental remediation, wastewater treatment, green health care products, and more. Chapters explore the use of carbon nanotubes for remediation methods for wastewater treatment such as by using graphene oxide-carbon nanotube composites and by applying undoped and doped carbon nanotubes for removing contaminates. The book also looks at the application of carbon nanotubes for enhanced oil recovery and for heavy metal separation. Other chapters look at the rheological behavior of carbon nanotubes-based materials and their role in processing for various products, the thermal and electrical transport in carbon nanotubes composites, carbon nanotubes-based composite materials for electromagnetic shielding applications. The biomedical applications of carbon nanotube-based nanomaterials also explored, such as FTIR spectroscopy.

This new volume offers a state-of-the-art report on various recent scientific developments in the theory of engineering materials. It addresses the close connection between modeling and experimental methods for studying a wide range of nanomaterials and nanostructures.Focusing on practical applications and industry needs, and supported by a solid outlining of theoretical background, the volume provides an overview of approaches that have been developed for designing nanostructured materials. It also covers several aspects of the simulation and design of nanomaterials, analyzed by a selected group of active researchers in the field. The volume also looks at how the advancement of computational tools have enabled nanoscopic prediction of physical and chemical properties and how they can be used to simulate and analyze nanostructures.Materials Modeling for Macro to Micro/Nano Scale Systems is addressed to a wide readership and will be useful for undergraduate and graduate students and as a reference source for professionals including engineers, applied mathematicians, and others working on different application of nanomaterials in engineering.

Carbon materials play a significant role in the development of alternative clean and sustainable energy technologies. This new volume focuses on the new applications of different carbon nanomaterials and graphene-carbon-nanotube hybrids for energy generation, energy storage, and energy conversion. It presents a comprehensive overview of recent developments on carbon-based nanomaterials with a focus on sustainable and clean energy applications.With chapters written by the leading academicians and researchers working in the field, the volume explores state-of-the-art developments using both commercially available and emerging materials and their potential applications for energy storage and energy harvesting.

This book provides valuable information on the new class of nanostructures—metal/carbon nanocomposites—and discusses new methods of their synthesis, properties, and applications. It covers computer prognosis, including quantum chemical modeling, for metal/carbon nanocomposites synthesis processing as well as fine dispersed suspensions obtaining processes and material modification processes. Intended for researchers, academics, and post-graduate students, the book will give readers an up-to-date look at this important and valuable new class of nanostructures: metal/carbon nanocomposites.