Advances in Magnetic Resonance Technology and Applications – serie

Handbook of Pediatric Brain Imaging: Methods�and Applications presents state-of-the-art research on pediatric brain image acquisition and analysis from a broad range of imaging modalities, including MRI, EEG and�MEG. With rapidly developing methods and applications of MRI, this book strongly emphasizes pediatric brain MRI, elaborating on the sub-categories of structure MRI, diffusion MRI, functional MRI, perfusion MRI and other MRI methods. It integrates a pediatric brain imaging perspective into imaging acquisition and analysis methods, covering head motion, small brain sizes, small cerebral blood flow of neonates, dynamic cortical gyrification, white matter tract growth, and much more. Presents state-of-the-art pediatric brain imaging methods and applications Shows how to optimize the pediatric neuroimaging acquisition and analysis protocols Illustrates how to obtain quantitative structural, functional and physiological measurements

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a 'go-to' reference for methods and applications of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, with specific sections on Relaxometry, Perfusion, and Diffusion.Each section will start with an explanation of the basic techniques for mapping the tissue property in question, including a description of the challenges that arise when using these basic approaches. For properties which can be measured in multiple ways, each of these basic methods will be described in separate chapters. Following the basics, a chapter in each section presents more advanced and recently proposed techniques for quantitative tissue property mapping, with a concluding chapter on clinical applications.

The reader will learn:

The basic physics behind tissue property mapping How to implement basic pulse sequences for the quantitative measurement of tissue properties The strengths and limitations to the basic and more rapid methods for mapping the magnetic relaxation properties T1, T2, and T2* The pros and cons for different approaches to mapping perfusion The methods of Diffusion-weighted imaging and how this approach can be used to generate diffusion tensor maps and more complex representations of diffusion How flow, magneto-electric tissue property, fat fraction, exchange, elastography, and temperature mapping are performed How fast imaging approaches including parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting can be used to accelerate or improve tissue property mapping schemes How tissue property mapping is used clinically in different organs Structured to cater for MRI researchers and graduate students with a wide variety of backgrounds Explains basic methods for quantitatively measuring tissue properties with MRI - including T1, T2, perfusion, diffusion, fat and iron fraction, elastography, flow, susceptibility - enabling the implementation of pulse sequences to perform measurements Shows the limitations of the techniques and explains the challenges to the clinical adoption of these traditional methods, presenting the latest research in rapid quantitative imaging which has the possibility to tackle these challenges Each section contains a chapter explaining the basics of novel ideas for quantitative mapping, such as compressed sensing and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting-based approaches

MRI with hyperpolarized carbon-13 agents is a powerful emerging imaging modality that can measure real-time metabolism in cells, animals, and humans. It uses endogenous, non-toxic contrast agents that a hyperpolarized, resulting in up to 100,000-fold increases in sensitivity. This technique uses no ionizing radiation, and is being applied in a range of human trials. It's primary use is for metabolic imaging, but it can also measure perfusion, pH, and necrosis.

Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy is designed to be a one stop shop for understanding hyperpolarized 13C MRI. This book explains the principles of this imaging modality, the requirements for performing studies, shows how to interpret the results, and gives an overview of current biomedical applications. It is suitable for engineers, scientists and clinicians in radiology and biomedical imaging who want to understand this technology.

Presents the physics and hardware of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization Explains the behaviour of hyperpolarized carbon-13 agents and how to image them Detailed guidance on experimental design and data interpretation Identifies promising and potential applications of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MR

Advanced Neuro MR Techniques and Applications gives detailed knowledge of emerging neuro MR techniques and their specific clinical and neuroscience applications, showing their pros and cons over conventional and currently available advanced techniques. The book identifies the best available data acquisition, processing, reconstruction and analysis strategies and methods that can be utilized in clinical and neuroscience research. It is an ideal reference for MR scientists and engineers who develop MR technologies and/or support clinical and neuroscience research and for high-end users who utilize neuro MR techniques in their research, including clinicians, neuroscientists and psychologists.

Trainees such as postdoctoral fellows, PhD and MD/PhD students, residents and fellows using or considering the use of neuro MR technologies will also be interested in this book.

Presents a complete reference on advanced Neuro MR Techniques and Applications Edited and written by leading researchers in the field Suitable for a broad audience of MR scientists and engineers who develop MR technologies, as well as clinicians, neuroscientists and psychologists who utilize neuro MR techniques in their research

Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction: Theory, Methods and Applications presents the fundamental concepts of MR image reconstruction, including its formulation as an inverse problem, as well as the most common models and optimization methods for reconstructing MR images. The book discusses approaches for specific applications such as non-Cartesian imaging, under sampled reconstruction, motion correction, dynamic imaging and quantitative MRI. This unique resource is suitable for physicists, engineers, technologists and clinicians with an interest in medical image reconstruction and MRI. Explains the underlying principles of MRI reconstruction, along with the latest research< Gives example codes for some of the methods presented Includes updates on the latest developments, including compressed sensing, tensor-based reconstruction and machine learning based reconstruction

Breast MRI: State of the Art and Future Directions provides a comprehensive overview of the current applications of breast MRI, including abbreviated MRI, as well as presenting technical recommendations, practical implementation and associated challenges in clinical routine. In addition, the book introduces novel MRI techniques, multimodality imaging, and advanced image processing coupled with AI, reviewing their potential for impeding and future clinical implementation. This book is a complete reference on state-of-the-art breast MRI methods suitable for MRI researchers, radiographers and clinicians.Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women with early detection being the key to improved prognosis and survival. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast is undisputedly the most sensitive imaging method to detect cancer, with a higher detection rate than mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, and ultrasound. Spans the whole spectrum of breast MRI, including basic imaging techniques, indications, interpretation, and the latest cutting-edge techniques Reviews multiparametric MRI and abbreviated protocols, providing an outlook on the future of this technique Discusses the predictive and prognostic value of MRI as well as the evolving field of radiomics/genomics and AI

Motion Correction in MR: Correction of Position, Motion, and Dynamic Changes, Volume Eight provides a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art in motion detection and correction in magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The book describes the problem of correctly and consistently identifying and positioning the organ of interest and tracking it throughout the scan. The basic principles of how image artefacts arise because of position changes during scanning are described, along with retrospective and prospective techniques for eliminating these artefacts, including classical approaches and methods using machine learning.

Internal navigator-based approaches as well as external systems for estimating motion are also presented, along with practical applications in each organ system and each MR modality covered. This book provides a technical basis for physicists and engineers to develop motion correction methods, giving guidance to technologists and radiologists for incorporating these methods in patient examinations.

Provides approaches for correcting scans prospectively and retrospectively Shows how motion and secondary effects such as field changes manifest in MR scans as artifacts and subtle biases in quantitative research Gives methods for measuring motion and associated field changes, quantifying motion and judging the accuracy of the motion and field estimates

MR Linac Radiotherapy: A New Personalized Treatment Approach comprises both clinical and physical aspects of this new technology. The book covers treatment planning, workflow and technical issues about MR-Linac. Specially, the clinical use of MR-Linac according to different cancer types is presented by experienced physicians. This is a unique guide for medical physicists, RTTs, dosimetrists and physicians, as well as radiation oncologists and their teams. The MR Linac combines two technologies - a magnetic resonance imaging scanner and a linear accelerator - to precisely locate tumors, tailor the shape of radiation beams in real-time, and precisely deliver doses of radiation, even to moving tumors.

This highly innovative technology is very new, and the number of newly installed MR-Linac machines will gradually increase worldwide. However, as there is no published book as a guideline, this book will help new MR-Linac users and centers planning to have MR-Linac.

Presents the first book on MR Linac Radiotherapy Comprises both clinical and physical aspects of this new technology Written by leading editors and authors in the field

Imaging Neuroinflammation provides an overview of the molecular and cellular basis of inflammation and its effects on neuroanatomy, reviews state-of-the-art imaging tools available to measure neuroinflammation, and describes the application of those tools to both preclinical animal disease models and human disease.This book is an authoritative reference on imaging neuroinflammation, MRI, neuroinflammation, MR Spectroscopy of inflammation, Iron imaging in inflammation, and more.

Explains how inflammation in the central nervous system impacts tissue microstructure Presents imaging methods that are useful for assessing neuroinflammation Describes preclinical models of neuroinflammation Reviews the role of neuroinflammation in human injury and disease states

The Chemistry of Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Probes, Volume Seven focuses on the chemical aspects of hyperpolarized NMR/MRI technology, with synthesis and characterizations of labeled compounds discussed from a practical point-of-view. A brief overview of the various hyperpolarization techniques are given, with the optimization of hyperpolarization conditions and the determination of critical parameters such as polarization level and T1 relaxation values described. A practical guide on the in vivo applications of hyperpolarized compounds in small animals is also included. Helps readers understand the structural features that determine the properties of HP-probes, such as chemical shift and relaxation times Aids readers in selecting stable isotope labeled probes for hyperpolarized NMR/MRI applications Teachers readers how to use the most appropriate synthetic methodology for the labeled probes Covers how to find the most suitable polarization technique (DNP, PHIP etc.) for the probe

Quantitative Perfusion MRI: Techniques, Applications, and Practical Considerations, Volume 11 clearly and carefully explains the basic theory and MRI techniques for quantifying perfusion non-invasively in deep tissue, covering all aspects of perfusion imaging, from acquisition requirements to selection of contrast agents and appropriate pharmacokinetic models and for reliable quantification in different diseases and tissue types. Specifically, this book enables the reader to understand what microvascular functional parameters can be measured with perfusion MRI, learn the basic techniques to measure perfusion in different organs, apply the appropriate perfusion MRI technique to the organ of interest, and much more.

This complete reference on quantitative perfusion MRI is highly suitable for both early and experienced researchers, graduate students and clinicians wishing to understand how quantitative perfusion MRI can apply to their application area of interest.

Provides a one-stop resource for students and early and experienced researchers on all aspects of quantitative perfusion MRI as written by experts in the fieldExplains basic theory and MRI techniquesPresents a strong focus on the practical considerations that can make or break perfusion MRIIncludes applications in oncology, cardiology, neurology and body imaging

Ultra-High Field Neuro MRI is a comprehensive reference and educational resource on the current state of neuroimaging at ultra-high field (UHF), with an emphasis on 7T. Sections cover the MR physics aspects of UHF, including the technical challenges and practical solutions that have enabled the rapid growth of 7T MRI. Individual chapters are dedicated to the different techniques that most strongly benefit from UHF, as well as chapters with a focus on different application areas in anatomical, functional and metabolic imaging. Finally, several chapters highlight the neurological and psychiatric applications for which 7T has shown benefits. The book is aimed at scientists who develop MR technologies and support clinical and neuroscience research, as well as users who want to benefit from UHF neuro MR techniques in their work. It also provides a comprehensive introduction to the field.

Presents the opportunities and technical challenges presented by MRI at ultra-high field Describes advanced ultra-high field neuro MR techniques for clinical and neuroscience applications Enables the reader to critically assess the specific UHF advantages over currently available techniques at clinical field strengths

Machine Learning in MRI: From Methods to Clinical Translation, Volume Thirteen in theAdvances in Magnetic Resonance Technology and Applications series presents state-of-the-art machine learning methods in magnetic resonance imaging that can shape and impact the future of patient treatment and planning. Common methods and strategies along the processing chain of data acquisition, image reconstruction, image post-processing, and image analysis of these imaging modalities are presented and illustrated. The book focuses on applications and anatomies for which machine learning methods can bring, or have already brought. Ideas and concepts on how processing could be harmonized and used to provide deployable frameworks that integrate into the clinical workflows are also considered.Pitfalls and current limitations are discussed in the context of how they could be overcome to cater for clinical needs, making this an ideal reference for medical imaging researchers, industry scientists and engineers, advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and clinicians. By giving an interdisciplinary presentation and discussion on the obstacles and possible solutions for the clinical translation of machine learning methods, this book enables the evolution of machine learning in medical imaging for the next decade.

Brings together applied researchers, clinicians, and computer scientists to give an interdisciplinary perspective on the methods of machine learning in MRI and their potential clinical translationGives a clear presentation of the key concepts of machine learningShows how machine learning methods can be applied to MR image acquisition, MR image reconstruction, MR motion correction, MR image post-processing, and MR image analysisIncludes application chapters that show how the methods can translate into medical practice

Advanced MR Techniques for Neurodegenerative Diseases covers state of the art developments in physiologic, metabolic, functional, and microstructural MRI of the brain. It provides an overview of these approaches and includes dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI, dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI, arterial spin labeling (ASL), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI), microscopic diffusion imaging, and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). Chapters then follow that present the application of these methods to Alzheimer’s Disease and vascular dementia, small vessel disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Lewy body dementia, Huntington’s Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, and Multiple Sclerosis.Advanced MR Techniques for Neurodegenerative Diseases is a comprehensive resource on the latest advanced MR techniques and their application to neurodegenerative diseases, suitable for MR engineers and physicists as well as clinicians and neuroscientists who use MR techniques for diagnosis and research.

The basics of perfusion MRI approachesCurrent approaches for imaging the glymphatic systemNon-invasive molecular imaging using CEST MRIThe use of rsfMRI to assess neurodegenerationMicroscopic tissue property assessment using diffusion MRI and magnetic susceptibility MRI