Energy and Environment - Böcker

With petroleum-related spills, explosions, and health issues in the headlines almost every day, the issue of remediation of petroleum and petroleum products is taking on increasing importance, for the survival of our environment, our planet, and our future. This book is the first of its kind to explore this difficult issue from an engineering and scientific point of view and offer solutions and reasonable courses of action.This book will guide the reader through the various methods that are used for the bioremediation of petroleum and petroleum products. The text is easy to read and includes many up-to-date and topical references.This book introduces the reader to the science and technology of biodegradation—a key process in the bioremediation of petroleum and petroleum-based contaminants at spill sites. The contaminants of concern in the molecularly variable petroleum and petroleum products can be degraded under appropriate conditions. But the success of the process depends on the ability to determine the necessary conditions and establish them in the contaminated environment.Although the prime focus of the book is to determine the mechanism, extent, and efficiency of biodegradation, it is necessary to know the composition of the original petroleum or petroleum product. The laws of science dictate what can or cannot be done with petroleum and petroleum products to ensure that biodegradation (hence, bioremediation) processes are effective. The science of the composition of petroleum and petroleum products is at the core of understanding the chemistry of biodegradation and bioremediation processes. Hence, inclusion of petroleum analyses and properties along with petroleum product analyses and properties is a necessary part of this text.Bioremediation of Petroleum and Petroleum Products: Summarizes the pros and cons of remediation of petroleum and petroleum-based products, from an environmental perspectiveGives examples of unethical behavior and how they should be correctedOffers arguments and elucidates engineering considerations on all sides of these difficult environmental and economic issues

To diminish the threat of a rapidly changing climate, emissions of CO2 should be reduced. One way to reduce these emissions is CO2 removal - the recovery of carbon dioxide from energy conversion processes and storage outside the atmosphere. This text describes three methods of capturing CO2 from flue gases of a conventional coal-fired power plant and two methods that are based on the modification of an integrated coal gasifier combined-cycle plant. The present state of the technology is described and optimized recovery designs are presented. Energy use is calculated in detail and cost calculations are given. In the last chapter, global storage potentials and costs of CO2 in aquifers, empty natural gas and oil fields, are discussed.

The trace elements in coal play an important role in its mining, treatment and usage. This work is a blend of relevant information on the 24 trace elements of environmental interest. Major emphasis is on background matters (content, geology, modes of occurrence) and on practical aspects (beneficiation, combustion, effects in emission control systems). Other topics dealt with in detail are the transport and dispersion of plumes, deposition from the atmosphere around a power station, leaching from coal ash, and mineland reclamation.

The trace elements in coal play an important role in its mining, treatment and usage. This book is a unique blend of relevant information on the 24 trace elements of environmental interest. Major emphasis is on background matters (content, geology, modes of occurrence) and to practical aspects (beneficiation, combustion, effects in emission control systems). Other topics dealt with in detail are the transport and dispersion of plumes, deposition from the atmosphere around a power station, leaching from coal ash, and mineland reclamation. In contrast to other publications, this book is an up-to-date, balanced account of the overall situation. Audience: Coal scientists and technologists involved in the environmental aspects of coal production and use, and regulatory bodies.