Environmental Science and Technology: A Wiley-Interscience Series of Textsand Monographs – serie

Providing a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic complexities of environmental systems—both natural and manmade—Process Dynamics in Environmental Systems is a unique, practical introduction to the issues and design mandates central to environmental engineering. An outgrowth of the classic text Physicochemical Processes for Water Quality Control, this new book amplifies and updates the important discussion of process dynamics begun in the original. Designed as a stand-alone reference to every aspect of process dynamics, the current book offers a complete theoretical analysis of the subject as well as numerous practical illustrations of how process models are useful in interpreting and designing a wide variety of process operations.Beginning with a broad overview of the factors and features of environmental systems and processes, the book then clearly details the general nature of fundamental processes, the character of the different types of systems in which they occur, and the way in which these factors influence process dynamics and environmental systems. The book then examines the core elements of process analysis—energetics, reaction rates, and reactor dynamics—and shows how process modeling integrates these elements in quantitative descriptions and in designs of engineered systems.Central to the structure of this book is a detailed analysis of the nature of reaction and transport phenomena—the two fundamental aspects of any environmental system. Including a look at reactions on both a macroscopic and microscopic scale, the book examines the mechanics of macroscopic and microscopic transport processes, outlining mass transport concepts basic to an understanding of reaction phenomena and reactor engineering.Subsequent chapters examine environmental reaction phenomena in the context of chemical species and transformations, including a discussion of energy balances and flows in both single-phase and multi-phase systems. A detailed look at the molecular basis for reaction kinetics in both single-phase and multi-phase systems follows. The book then broadens its focus to reactor dynamics, outlining engineering design considerations associated with reactor systems involving one phase; and then reactor systems involving transformations among and between components in two or more phases. A particularly unique feature of the book is its coverage of process dynamics for reactor systems in which transient conditions occur, at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales.A synthesis of the various aspects of process dynamics forms the book's conclusion, enabling the reader to skillfully apply the concepts of process dynamics to the interpretation and design of environmental systems. An ideal reference/handbook to the theory and uses of process dynamics, the book's practical, instructive format includes detailed example problems, assigned problems with answers, as well as suggested supplementary reading. Useful general appendices are provided, and many individual chapters also feature appendices which address issues specific to the chapter. Featuring a practical, forward looking approach to environmental systems design, Process Dynamics in Environmental Systems is a must for professionals and students interested in building the structures that preserve—and elevate—our quality of life.A blueprint to understanding and designing environmental systems...an authoritative text and handbook for the '90s and beyond Process dynamics is the science of quantifying and predicting the various components and phenomena underlying environmental systems. Designed as a comprehensive teaching text, reference, and study guide, Process Dynamics in Environmental Systems offers a complete theoretical analysis of process dynamics as well as numerous practical illustrations of how process models are useful in interpreting and designing a wide variety of process operations.Beginning with a broad overview of the factors and features of environmental systems and processes, the book then clearly details the general nature of fundamental processes, the character of the different types of systems in which they occur, and the way in which these factors influence process dynamics and environmental systems. The book then examines: The core elements of process analysis—energetics, kinetics, and reactor dynamics—and shows how process modeling integrates these into quantitative descriptions and the design of engineered systemsThe mechanics of macroscopic and microscopic transport processesReaction rates in homogeneous and heterogeneous systemsEngineering and design considerations associated with reactor systems involving one and two or more phasesReactor systems involving transient conditions at the macroscopic and/or microscopic scalesThe book's practical, instructive format includes detailed example problems, assigned problems with answers, as well as suggested supplementary reading.

A comprehensive, thoroughly modern approach to environmental quality assessment The only textbook to combine engineering transport fundamentals and equilibrium aquatic chemistry, Environmental Modeling brings a uniquely contemporary perspective to the assessment of environmental quality. Addressing key questions about fate, transport, and long-term effects of chemical pollutants in the environment, this inherently practical text gives readers the important tools they need to develop and solve their own mathematical models. Contains detailed examples from a wide range of crucial water quality areas-conventional pollutants in rivers, eutrophication of lakes, and toxic organic chemicals and heavy metals in both surface and groundwaters Examines current global issues, including atmospheric deposition, hazardous wastes, soil pollution, global change, and more Features over 200 high-quality illustrations, plus skill-building problems in every chapter Fresh in approach and broad in scope, Environmental Modeling is must reading for today's graduate and advanced undergraduate students in environmental sciences and engineering-a rich, invaluable, and superlative new resource.

Presents mathematical models for estimating and predicting sediment fluxes.* Models provide sufficient detail and data to enable scientists in the field to reproduce the computations and use the models for understanding their own data.* Provides computations directly applicable to developing modern water quality models.* All models have been calibrated and verified using three large data sets.

Formula Handbook for Environmental Engineers and ScientistsBecause your success begins with the right formula. Finding theright formula is an essential part of environmental engineering and research. However, consulting the literature of the many disciplines that affect your work can be a time-consuming, inefficient, and often difficult process. Not any more! The Formula Handbook brings together in a single volume the most popular and useful formulas covering biological/biochemical processes in natural and engineered systems—saving hours of valuable research time. Compiled from select journals, review articles, and books, the Formula Handbook is an indispensable one-stop reference for today's busy environmental engineer or scientist. The Handbook is arranged alphabetically, making information easy to find. In addition to the formulas themselves, entries include: An introduction to the topicDefinition of termsNumerical valuesTables and figuresReferences

A fresh and comprehensive overview of ecotoxicology today This book provides comprehensive single-source coverage of the entire field of ecotoxicology, from the ecological basics to the effects of chemicals on the environment and the latest test strategies. Contributions by leading figures in ecotoxicology from around the world reflect the broad scope of current thinking and research, making this volume essential reading for informed professionals and students. Areas covered include:* Ecosystem sensitivity, principles for analysis, and other fundamentals* Fate, distribution, and speciation of chemicals in the environment* Bioaccumulation and effects of chemicals* Ecotoxicological test systems* Concepts of ecological risk assessment Incorporating numerous examples and case studies, this cutting-edge reference is an invaluable resource for those working in environmental toxicology, chemistry, ecology, medicine, engineering, and other related disciplines.

Phytormediation is an exciting new method for controlling and cleaning up hazardous wastes using green plants. This book is the first to compile the state of the science and engineering arts in this rapidly advancing field.Phytormediation: Approaches the subject from the perspectives of biochemistry, genetics, toxicology, and pathway analysis.Is written by two of the premier experts in the field.

A result of important bilateral scientific agreements between the U.S. and the Soviet Union on the fate of chemicals and pesticides in the environment. Written by experts in both countries, it familiarizes the reader with recent state-of-the-art research being conducted in the areas of agricultural management and water pollution control. A number of models are provided to give the reader a concise grasp of exposure and ecological risk assessments involving these pollutants. Focuses on the necessity to improve our deteriorating standards of public health, environmental science and technology with a total systems approach through the pooled talents of scientists and engineers.

An accessible yet scientifically challenging account of the ecological and human health impacts of pollutants. Uses authentic examples of well-known environmental problems such as Chernobyl, Love Canal and asbestos contamination to illustrate the principles and practice of environmental toxicology. A unique chapter on policy includes a list of major public and civic environmental action groups.

Aquatic Chemistry An Introduction Emphasizing Chemical Equilibria in Natural Waters Second Edition Edited by Werner Stumm and James J. Morgan This second edition of the renowned classic unites concepts, applications, and techniques with the growing amounts of data in the field. Expanded treatment is offered on steady-state and dynamic models employing mass-balance approaches and kinetic information. New chapters address such topics as: environmental aspects of aquatic chemistry; new material on organic compounds in natural water systems; the use of stable and radioactive isotopes in chemical and physical processes; the latest advances in marine chemistry; solid-solution interface; kinetic considerations of equilibria; metal-ligand interactions; and an expanded compilation of thermodynamic data for important reactions in natural water systems. 1981 (0 471-04831-3) Cloth 780 pp. (0 471-09173-1) Paper Chemical Processes in Lakes Edited by Werner Stumm This is a multidisciplinary analysis of recent research on the physical, chemical, and biological processes in aquatic systems. Coverage includes: distribution of elements and compounds in water and sediments; sedimentation and sediment accumulation of nutrients and pollutants; eurtophication and acidification; atmospheric deposition; redox-related geochemistry and sediment-water exchange of nutrients and metals; sediment dating and paleolimnology; and steady-state and dynamic models. Most chapters focus on the role of biological processes and the coupling of elemental cycles by organisms. 1985 (0 471-88261-5) 435 pp. Principles of Aquatic Chemistry Francois M. M. Morel Here is a quantitative treatment of the chemical principles that govern the composition of natural waters. Features include an in-depth examination of the use of conservation principles in chemical systems, a review of thermodynamic and kinetic principles applicable to aquatic systems, and a novel presentation of a systematic methodology for equilibrium calculations. Detailed coverage is provided on the topic of aquatic chemistry, following the traditional divisions of acid-base, precipitation-dissolution, coordination, redox and surface reactions. 1983 (0 471-08683-5) 446 pp.

The authoritative introduction to natural water chemistry THIRD EDITIONNow in its updated and expanded Third Edition, Aquatic Chemistry remains the classic resource on the essential concepts of natural water chemistry. Designed for both self-study and classroom use, this book builds a solid foundation in the general principles of natural water chemistry and then proceeds to a thorough treatment of more advanced topics. Key principles are illustrated with a wide range of quantitative models, examples, and problem-solving methods.Major subjects covered include: Chemical ThermodynamicsSolid-Solution Interface and KineticsTrace MetalsAcids and BasesKinetics of Redox ProcessesDissolved Carbon DioxidePhotochemical ProcessesAtmosphere-Water InteractionsKinetics at the Solid-WaterMetal Ions in Aqueous Solution InterfacePrecipitation and DissolutionParticle-Particle InteractionOxidation and ReductionRegulation of the ChemicalEquilibria and Microbial Mediation Composition of Natural Waters

Contributed papers by experts in the field detail how to put integrated pest management to work. Presents the philosophy and practice, ecological and economic background as well as strategies and techniques including not only the use of chemical pesticides but also biological, genetic and cultural methods to manage the harm done by insect pests. Covers such key crops as cotton, corn, apples and forage. This edition reports important advances of the last decade including an increased environmental and ecological awareness and a trend toward lower chemical pesticide use.

What happens to a chemical once it enters the natural environment?How do its physical and chemical properties influence itstransport, persistence, and partitioning in the biosphere? How donatural forces influence its distribution? How are the answers tothese questions useful in making toxicological and epidemiologicalforecasts? Environmental Chemodynamics, Second Edition introduces readers tothe concepts, tools, and techniques currently used to answer theseand other critical questions about the fate and transport ofchemicals in the natural environment. Like its critically acclaimedpredecessor, its main focus is on the mechanisms and rates ofmovement of chemicals across the air/soil, soil/water, andwater/air interfaces, and on how natural processes work to mobilizechemicals near and across interfaces--information vital toperforming human and ecological risk assessments. Also consistent with the first edition, EnvironmentalChemodynamics, Second Edition is organized to accommodate readersof every level of experience. The first section is devoted totheoretical underpinnings and includes discussions of mass balance,thermodynamics, transport science concepts, and more. The secondsection concentrates on practical aspects, including the movementbetween bed-sediment and water, movement between soil and air, andintraphase chemical behavior. This revised and updated edition of Louis J. Thibodeaux's 1979classic features new or expanded coverage of:* Equilibrium models for environmental compartments* Dry deposition of particles and vapors onto water and soilsurfaces* Chemical profiles in rivers and estuaries, particles and porousmedia* Fate and transport in the atmospheric boundary layer and withinsubterranean media* Chemical exchange between water column and bed-sediment* Intraphase chemical transport and fate This Second Edition of Environmental Chemodynamics also includestwice as many references and 50% more exercises and practiceproblems.

A groundbreaking text and professional resource on natural attenuation technology Natural attenuation is rapidly becoming a widely used approach to manage groundwater and soil contamination by hazardous substances in petroleum-product releases and leachate from hazardous waste sites and landfills. This book provides, under one cover, the current methodologies needed by groundwater scientists and engineers in their efforts to evaluate subsurface contamination problems, to estimate risk to human health and ecosystems through mathematical models, and to design and formulate appropriate remediation strategies.Incorporating the authors' extensive backgrounds as educators, researchers, and consultants in environmental biotechnology and hydrogeology, the text emphasizes new concepts and recent advances in the science, including: Quantification of the role of microbes in natural attenuationBiodegradation and chemical transformation principlesImmobilization and phase changeBiotransformation mechanismsGroundwater flow and contaminant transportAnalytical models for contaminant transport and reaction processesNumerical modeling of contaminant transport, transformation, and degradationDetailed descriptions of fundamental processes, characterization approaches, and analytical and numerical methods tied to relevant real-world applications make Bioremediation and Natural Attenuation: Process Fundamentals and Mathematical Models both a timely course text in hydrogeology and environmental engineering and a valuable reference for anyone in the groundwater or risk assessment professions.

The first integrated text on applied ecology, ecologicalimpact assessment and environmental planning written by abiological ecologist with extensive experience in bothplanning and geography. Ecology critically reviews currentmethods of assessment and provides the conceptual andmethodological basis for advancing the field. It also offers adetailed discussion of legal and planning issues by reviewingcurrent environmental legislation, discussing risk analysisand decision making techniques, and presenting quantitativeeconomic and non-economic techniques for evaluating ecologicalimpacts.