Fields Institute Communications – serie

This volume presents new research in classical Hamiltonian and quantum systems from the Workshop on Conservative Systems and Quantum Chaos held during The Fields Institute Program Year on Dynamical Systems and Bifurcation Theory in October 1992 (Waterloo, Canada). The workshop was organized so that there were presentations that formed a bridge between classical and quantum mechanical systems. Four of these papers appear in this collection, with the remaining six papers concentrating on classical Hamiltonian dynamics. It includes applications ranging from numerical exploration of a coupled mechanical system to a Hamiltonian approach to the problem of spatio-temporal chaos in biological models from population genetics and ecology.

This volume brings together ideas from several areas of mathematics that have traditionally been rather disparate. The conference at The Fields Institute which gave rise to these proceedings was intended to encourage such connections. One of the key interactions occurs between dynamical systems and algorithms, one example being the by now classic observation that the QR algorithm for diagonalizing matrices may be viewed as the time-1 map of the Toda lattice flow.Another link occurs with interior point methods for linear programming, where certain smooth flows associated with such programming problems have proved valuable in the analysis of the corresponding discrete problems. More recently, other smooth flows have been introduced which carry out discrete computations (such as sorting sets of numbers) and which solve certain least squares problems. Another interesting facet of the flows described here is that they often have a dual Hamiltonian and gradient structure, both of which turn out to be useful in analyzing and designing algorithms for solving optimization problems. This volume explores many of these interactions, as well as related work in optimal control and partial differential equations.

This book is the Proceedings of The Fields Institute Conference/NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in June 1993. The articles review the diverse recent progress in the theory and development of lattice-gas and lattice Boltzmann methods and their applications to hydrodynamics, multi-phase flows, flows through porous media, reaction-diffusion systems, pattern formation phenomena, and phase separation processes. Discussed here are various aspects of the statistical analysis of these methods, with emphasis on fluctuations and correlations, as well as computational prospects including development of dedicated hardware. Features include up-to-date articles covering theory and applications interdisciplinary approach, which includes mathematics, physics, chemistry, and geophysics abstracts of papers published from 1992 through 1995.

Dedicated to the late Juan Carlos Simo, this volume contains the proceedings of a workshop held at the Fields Institute in October 1993. The articles focus on current algorithms for the integration of mechanical systems, from systems in celestial mechanics to coupled rigid bodies to fluid mechanics. The scope of the articles ranges from symplectic integration methods to energy-momentum methods and related themes.

This volume presents new research on normal forms, symmetry, homoclinic cycles, and chaos, from the Workshop on Normal Forms and Homoclinic Chaos held during The Fields Institute Program Year on Dynamical Systems and Bifurcation Theory in November 1992, in Waterloo, Canada. The workshop bridged the local and global analysis of dynamical systems with emphasis on normal forms and the recently discovered homoclinic cycles which may arise in normal forms.Specific topics covered in this volume include...normal forms for dissipative, conservative, and reversible vector fields, and for symplectic maps; the effects of symmetry on normal forms; the persistence of homoclinic cycles; symmetry-breaking, both spontaneous and induced; mode interactions; resonances; intermittency; numerical computation of orbits in phase space; applications to flow-induced vibrations and to mechanical and structural systems; general methods for calculation of normal forms; chaotic dynamics arising from normal forms. Of the 32 presentations given at this workshop, 14 of them are represented by papers in this volume.

This volume is the refereed proceedings of the Sixth Canadian Conference on General Relativity and Relativistic Astrophysics held in May 1995 at the University of New Brunswick. The book includes invited talks and contributed talks and posters including state-of-the-art reviews of many of the most recent important developments in gravitational physics. This book would serve as a good supplement to standard texts on the topic. It features: review articles in key areas - black holes, numerical relativity, etc.; contributions covering most of gravitational physics; useful articles for students who wish to begin exploring the issues discussed; and, invited talks given by researchers known for their ability to communicate their expertise.

This book contains contributions from the proceedings at The Fields Institute workshop on Special Functions, $q$-Series and Related Topics that was held in June 1995. The articles cover areas from quantum groups and their representations, multivariate special functions, $q$-series, and symbolic algebra techniques as well as the traditional areas of single-variable special functions. The book contains both pure and applied topics and reflects recent trends of research in the various areas of special functions.

Since the publication of ""Theory of Games and Economic Behavior"" by von Neumann and Morgenstern, the concept of games has played an increasing role in economics. It also plays a role of growing importance in other sciences, including biology, political science, and psychology. Many scientists have made seminal advances and continue to be leaders in the field, including Harsanyi, Shapley, Shubik, and Selten. Professor Robert Aumann, in addition to his important contributions to game theory and economics, made a number of significant contributions to mathematics.This volume provides a collection of essays in mathematical economics and game theory, including cutting-edge research on noncooperative game theory and its foundations, bargaining theory, and general equilibrium theory. Also included is a reprint of Aumann's classic paper, 'Acceptable Points in General Cooperative $n$-Person Games' and of the oft-cited, yet hard to find, paper by Maschler, 'The Worth of a Cooperative Enterprise to Each Member'. This book illustrates the wide range of applications of mathematics to economics, game theory, and social choice. The volume is dedicated to Professor Robert J. Aumann, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, for his contributions in mathematics and social sciences.

This conference proceedings volume is produced in connection with the second Great Lakes K-theory Conference that was held at The Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences in March 1996. The volume is dedicated to the late Bob Thomason, one of the leading research mathematicians specializing in algebraic K-theory. In addition to research papers treated directly in the lectures at the conference, this volume contains the following: several timely articles inspired by those lectures (particularly by that of V. Voevodsky), an extensive exposition by Steve Mitchell of Thomason's famous result concerning the relationship between algebraic K-theory and etale cohomology, and a definitive exposition by J. L. Colliot-Thelene, R. Hoobler, and B. Kahn (explaining and elaborating upon unpublished work of O. Gabber) of Bloch-Ogus-Gersten type resolutions in K-theory and algebraic geometry.This volume will be important both for researchers who want access to details of recent development in K-theory and also to graduate students and researchers seeking good advanced exposition. It features: invaluable access to new, previously unavailable research results; an ideal reference for some important results in K-theory; techniques in algebraic geometry; material for advanced seminars for graduate students; and a number of papers connecting number theory and K-theory in a way that complements ""The Fields Institute Monograph Series"" from the 1993-1994 emphasis year on $L$-functions.

This volume presents the proceedings of workshops on stable homotopy theory and on unstable homotopy theory held at The Fields Institute as part of the homotopy program during the year 1996. The papers in the volume describe current research in the subject, and all included works were refereed. Rather than being a summary of work to be published elsewhere, each paper is the unique source for the new material it contains. The book contains current research from international experts in the subject area, and presents open problems with directions for future research.

This book presents the proceedings from the International Conference held in Halifax, NS in July 1997. Funded by The Fields Institute and Le Centre de Recherches Mathematiques, the conference was held in honor of the retirement of Professors Lynn Erbe and Herb I. Freedman (University of Alberta). Featured topics include ordinary, partial, functional, and stochastic differential equations and their applications to biology, epidemiology, neurobiology, physiology and other related areas. The 41 papers included in this volume represent the recent work of leading researchers over a wide range of subjects, including bifurcation theory, chaos, stability theory, boundary value problems, persistence theory, neural networks, disease transmission, population dynamics, pattern formation and more.The text would be suitable for a graduate or advanced undergraduate course study in mathematical biology. It's features include: an overview of current developments in differential equations and mathematical biology; authoritative contributions from over 60 leading worldwide researchers; and, original, refereed contributions.

This volume presents the proceedings of a workshop on geometry, topology, and markets held at The Fields Institute. The workshop was attended by eminent mathematicians and financial and economic theorists. Using a topological approach, the volume discusses new mathematics and its applications to social sciences and financial markets. Topics addressed at the workshop included new topological invariants for existence, characterization and computation of market equilibria and their relation to social choice and to other forms of resource allocation, competitive and cooperative systems, algebraic geometry and markets with increasing returns, computational complexity, and stochastic processes and financial markets.

This book is the second of two proceedings volumes stemming from the International Conference and Workshop on Valuation Theory held at the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon, SK, Canada). It contains the most recent applications of valuation theory to a broad range of mathematical ideas. Valuation theory arose in the early part of the twentieth century in connection with number theory and continues to have many important applications to algebra, geometry, and analysis.The research and survey papers in this volume cover a variety of topics, including Galois theory, the Grunwald-Wang Theorem, algebraic geometry, resolution of singularities, curves over Prufer domains, model theory of valued fields and the Frobenius, Hardy fields, Hensel's Lemma, fixed point theorems, and computations in valued fields. It is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in algebra, algebraic geometry, number theory, and mathematical logic. Also available from the AMS is ""Valuation Theory and Its Applications"", Volume I.

This volume is based on talks given at the Workshop on Categorical Structures for Descent and Galois Theory, Hopf Algebras, and Semiabelian Categories held at The Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, ON, Canada). The meeting brought together researchers working in these interrelated areas. This collection of survey and research papers gives an up-to-date account of the many current connections among Galois theories, Hopf algebras, and semiabelian categories. The book features articles by leading researchers on a wide range of themes, specifically, abstract Galois theory, Hopf algebras, and categorical structures, in particular quantum categories and higher-dimensional structures. Articles are suitable for graduate students and researchers, specifically those interested in Galois theory and Hopf algebras and their categorical unification.

This volume contains papers from the 7th International Conference on Difference Equations held at Hunan University (Changsa, China), a satellite conference of ICM2002 Beijing. The volume captures the spirit of the meeting and includes peer-reviewed survey papers, research papers, and open problems and conjectures. Articles of this title cover stability, oscillation, chaos, symmetries, boundary value problems and bifurcations for discrete dynamical systems, difference-differential equations, and discretization of continuous systems. The book presents state-of-the-art research in these important areas. It is suitable for graduate students and researchers in difference equations and related topics.

Resulting from the Tenth International Conference on Representations of Algebras and Related Topics held at The Fields Institute (Toronto, ON, Canada), this collection of research and survey articles, honoring Vlastimil Dlab's seventieth birthday, reflects state-of-the-art research on the topic. Leading experts contributed papers, demonstrating the interaction between representation theory of finite dimensional algebras and neighboring subjects. A wide range of topics are covered, including quantum groups, the theory of Lie algebras, the geometry and combinatorics of tilting theory, commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, homology theories, and derived and triangulated categories. The book is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in the theory of algebras.

This book is a collection of research and expository papers reflecting the interfacing of two fields: nonlinear dynamics (in the physiological and biological sciences) and statistics. It presents the proceedings of a four-day workshop entitled ""Nonlinear Dynamics and Time Series: Building a Bridge Between the Natural and Statistical Sciences"" held at the Centre de Recherches Mathematiques (CRM) in Montreal in July 1995. The goal of the workshop was to provide an exchange forum and to create a link between two diverse groups with a common interest in the analysis of nonlinear time series data. The editors and peer reviewers of this work have attempted to minimize the problems of maintaining communication between the different scientific fields. The result is a collection of interrelated papers that highlight current areas of research in statistics that might have particular applicability to nonlinear dynamics and new methodology and open data analysis problems in nonlinear dynamics that might find their way into the toolkits and research interests of statisticians.Features: A survey of state-of-the-art developments in nonlinear dynamics time series analysis with open statistical problems and areas for further research. Contributions by statisticians to understanding and improving modern techniques commonly associated with nonlinear time series analysis, such as surrogate data methods and estimation of local Lyapunov exponents. Starting point for both scientists and statisticians who want to explore the field. Expositions that are readable to scientists outside the featured fields of specialization. Information for our distributors: Titles in this series are co-published with the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, Ontario, Canada).

This book covers a wide range of phenomena in the natural sciences dominated by notions of universality and renormalization. The contributions in this volume are equally broad in their approach to these phenomena, offering the mathematical as well as the perspective of the applied sciences. They explore renormalization theory in quantum field theory and statistical physics, and its connections to modern mathematics as well as physics on scales from the microscopic to the macroscopic. Information for our distributors: Titles in this series are co-published with the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, Ontario, Canada).

It is by now a well-known paradigm that public-key cryptosystems can be built using finite Abelian groups and that algebraic geometry provides a supply of such groups through Abelian varieties over finite fields. Of special interest are the Abelian varieties that are Jacobians of algebraic curves. All of the articles in this volume are centered on the theme of point counting and explicit arithmetic on the Jacobians of curves over finite fields. The topics covered include Schoof's $\ell$-adic point counting algorithm, the $p$-adic algorithms of Kedlaya and Denef-Vercauteren, explicit arithmetic on the Jacobians of $C_{ab}$ curves and zeta functions. This volume is based on seminars on algebraic curves and cryptography held at the GANITA Lab of the University of Toronto during 2001-2008. The articles are mostly suitable for independent study by graduate students who wish to enter the field, both in terms of introducing basic material as well as guiding them in the literature. The literature in cryptography seems to be growing at an exponential rate. For a new entrant into the subject, navigating through this ocean can seem quite daunting. In this volume, the reader is steered toward a discussion of a few key ideas of the subject, together with some brief guidance for further reading. It is hoped that this approach may render the subject more approachable. Titles in this series are co-published with the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, Ontario, Canada).|It is by now a well-known paradigm that public-key cryptosystems can be built using finite Abelian groups and that algebraic geometry provides a supply of such groups through Abelian varieties over finite fields. Of special interest are the Abelian varieties that are Jacobians of algebraic curves. All of the articles in this volume are centered on the theme of point counting and explicit arithmetic on the Jacobians of curves over finite fields. The topics covered include Schoof's $\ell$-adic point counting algorithm, the $p$-adic algorithms of Kedlaya and Denef-Vercauteren, explicit arithmetic on the Jacobians of $C_{ab}$ curves and zeta functions. This volume is based on seminars on algebraic curves and cryptography held at the GANITA Lab of the University of Toronto during 2001-2008. The articles are mostly suitable for independent study by graduate students who wish to enter the field, both in terms of introducing basic material as well as guiding them in the literature. The literature in cryptography seems to be growing at an exponential rate. For a new entrant into the subject, navigating through this ocean can seem quite daunting. In this volume, the reader is steered toward a discussion of a few key ideas of the subject, together with some brief guidance for further reading. It is hoped that this approach may render the subject more approachable. Titles in this series are co-published with the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences (Toronto, Ontario, Canada).

Spencer J. Bloch has, and continues to have, a profound influence on the subject of Algebraic $K$-Theory, Cycles and Motives. This book, which is comprised of a number of independent research articles written by leading experts in the field, is dedicated in his honour, and gives a snapshot of the current and evolving nature of the subject. Some of the articles are written in an expository style, providing perspective on the current state of the subject to those wishing to learn more about it. Others are more technical, representing new developments and making them especially interesting to researchers for keeping abreast of recent progress.

This volume is a collection of papers on number theory which evolved out of the workshop WIN—Women In Numbers, held November 2–7, 2008, at the Banff International Research Station (BIRS) in Banff, Alberta, Canada. It includes articles showcasing outcomes from collaborative research initiated during the workshop as well as survey papers aimed at introducing graduate students and recent PhDs to important research topics in number theory. The contributions in this volume span a wide range of topics in arithmetic geometry and algebraic, algorithmic, and analytic number theory. Clusters of papers center around the four topics of moduli spaces and Shimura curves, curves and Jacobians over finite fields, Galois covers of function fields in positive characteristic, and zeta functions of graphs, with a fifth group of three individual articles on modular forms, Iwasawa theory, and Galois representations, respectively. The workshop and this volume are part of a broader WIN initiative, whose goals are to highlight and increase the research activities of women in number theory and to train female graduate students in number theory and related fields.

This book contains a collection of papers presented at the Fields Institute workshop, 'The Falling Cat and Related Problems', held in March 1992. The theme of the workshop was the application of methods from geometric mechanics and mathematical control theory to problems in the dynamics and control of freely rotating systems of coupled rigid bodies and related nonholonomic mechanical systems. This book will prove useful in providing insight into this new and exciting area of research.

Flexible structures arise in significant important areas of application, such as robotics, large space structures, and antenna control. Difficulties related to sensing and identification hamper control of such systems. These problems require collaboration between mathematicians and engineers. To promote such collaboration, the Fields Institute sponsored a three-day workshop entitled 'Problems in Sensing, Identification, and Control of Flexible Structures' in June 1992. This volume contains papers presented at the workshop. Topics range from theoretical research on the well-posedness of systems, to experimental implementations of various controllers. A number of controller design techniques are discussed and compared, and there are several papers on modelling the complex dynamics of flexible structures. This book is a useful resource to control theorists, engineers, and mathematicians interested in this important field of research.

This book, one of the first on G2 manifolds in decades, collects introductory lectures and survey articles largely based on talks given at a workshop held at the Fields Institute in August 2017, as part of the major thematic program on geometric analysis. It provides an accessible introduction to various aspects of the geometry of G2 manifolds, including the construction of examples, as well as the intimate relations with calibrated geometry, Yang-Mills gauge theory, and geometric flows. It also features the inclusion of a survey on the new topological and analytic invariants of G2 manifolds that have been recently discovered. The first half of the book, consisting of several introductory lectures, is aimed at experienced graduate students or early career researchers in geometry and topology who wish to familiarize themselves with this burgeoning field. The second half, consisting of numerous survey articles, is intended to be useful to both beginners and experts in the field.

This book, one of the first on G2 manifolds in decades, collects introductory lectures and survey articles largely based on talks given at a workshop held at the Fields Institute in August 2017, as part of the major thematic program on geometric analysis. It provides an accessible introduction to various aspects of the geometry of G2 manifolds, including the construction of examples, as well as the intimate relations with calibrated geometry, Yang-Mills gauge theory, and geometric flows. It also features the inclusion of a survey on the new topological and analytic invariants of G2 manifolds that have been recently discovered. The first half of the book, consisting of several introductory lectures, is aimed at experienced graduate students or early career researchers in geometry and topology who wish to familiarize themselves with this burgeoning field. The second half, consisting of numerous survey articles, is intended to be useful to both beginners and experts in the field.

​This volume was produced in conjunction with the Thematic Program in o-Minimal Structures and Real Analytic Geometry, held from January to June of 2009 at the Fields Institute. Five of the six contributions consist of notes from graduate courses associated with the program: Felipe Cano on a new proof of resolution of singularities for planar analytic vector fields; Chris Miller on o-minimality and Hardy fields; Jean-Philippe Rolin on the construction of o-minimal structures from quasianalytic classes; Fernando Sanz on non-oscillatory trajectories of vector fields; and Patrick Speissegger on pfaffian sets. The sixth contribution, by Antongiulio Fornasiero and Tamara Servi, is an adaptation to the nonstandard setting of A.J. Wilkie's construction of o-minimal structures from infinitely differentiable functions. Most of this material is either unavailable elsewhere or spread across many different sources such as research papers, conference proceedings and PhD theses. This book will be a useful tool for graduate students or researchers from related fields who want to learn about expansions of o-minimal structures by solutions, or images thereof, of definable systems of differential equations. ​

​This volume covers some of the topics that are related to the rapidly growing field of biomedical informatics. In June 11-12, 2010 a workshop entitled ‘Optimization and Data Analysis in Biomedical Informatics’ was organized at The Fields Institute. Following this event invited contributions were gathered based on the talks presented at the workshop, and additional invited chapters were chosen from world’s leading experts. In this publication, the authors share their expertise in the form of state-of-the-art research and review chapters, bringing together researchers from different disciplines and emphasizing the value of mathematical methods in the areas of clinical sciences. This work is targeted to applied mathematicians, computer scientists, industrial engineers, and clinical scientists who are interested in exploring emerging and fascinating interdisciplinary topics of research. It is designed to further stimulate and enhance fruitful collaborations between scientists from different disciplines.​

​This collection covers a wide range of topics of infinitedimensional dynamical systems generated by parabolic partial differentialequations, hyperbolic partial differential equations, solitary equations,lattice differential equations, delay differential equations, and stochasticdifferential equations.Infinite dimensional dynamical systems are generated byevolutionary equations describing the evolutions in time of systems whosestatus must be depicted in infinite dimensional phase spaces. Studying thelong-term behaviors of such systems is important in our understanding of theirspatiotemporal pattern formation and global continuation, and has been amongmajor sources of motivation and applications of new developments of nonlinearanalysis and other mathematical theories. Theories of the infinite dimensionaldynamical systems have also found more and more important applications inphysical, chemical, and life sciences.This book collects 19 papers from 48 invited lecturers tothe International Conference on Infinite Dimensional Dynamical Systems held atYork University, Toronto, in September of 2008. As the conference was dedicatedto Professor George Sell from University of Minnesota on the occasion of his70th birthday, this collection reflects the pioneering work and influence ofProfessor Sell in a few core areas of dynamical systems, includingnon-autonomous dynamical systems, skew-product flows, invariant manifoldstheory,  infinite dimensional dynamicalsystems, approximation dynamics, and fluid flows.​