Foundations of Psychology - Böcker

With a more specific focus than the all-encompassing textbook, each title in the Foundations of Psychology series enables students who are new to psychology to get to grips with a key area of psychological research, while also developing an understanding of basic concepts, debates, and research methodologies. In this book Diana Jackson-Dwyer presents an introductory survey of classic and recent research on relationships and the theories that underpin them. The book starts with a brief overview of the place of relationships within the history of psychology and of their evolutionary roots: our need to belong, to attach and to affiliate. After a look at methodology, it considers different types of relationships: kinship, friendship, loving and mating. Theories are advanced to explain the formation, maintenance and breakdown of relationships. The book draws on a wide array of contemporary research, and covers issues ranging from rising divorce rates to cultural variations in mating patterns, the issue of gay marriage, and the effect of the internet on relationships. Each chapter contains numerous pedagogical features which will help students to engage with the material: Chapter-specific learning objectives and summaries of key points Study boxes presenting reflective exercises, research questions, and issues for discussion Glossaries and suggestions for further reading Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, Interpersonal Relationships provides an accessible and up-to-date overview of this vibrant area of psychology. The book will be ideal reading for students who are new to higher-level study - whether at school, college or university, and will also be useful for first-year undergraduate students taking introductory courses in psychology.

With a more specific focus than the all-encompassing textbook, each title in the Foundations of Psychology series enables students who are new to psychology to get to grips with a key area of psychological research, while also developing an understanding of basic concepts, debates, and research methodologies. In this book Diana Jackson-Dwyer presents an introductory survey of classic and recent research on relationships and the theories that underpin them. The book starts with a brief overview of the place of relationships within the history of psychology and of their evolutionary roots: our need to belong, to attach and to affiliate. After a look at methodology, it considers different types of relationships: kinship, friendship, loving and mating. Theories are advanced to explain the formation, maintenance and breakdown of relationships. The book draws on a wide array of contemporary research, and covers issues ranging from rising divorce rates to cultural variations in mating patterns, the issue of gay marriage, and the effect of the internet on relationships. Each chapter contains numerous pedagogical features which will help students to engage with the material: Chapter-specific learning objectives and summaries of key points Study boxes presenting reflective exercises, research questions, and issues for discussion Glossaries and suggestions for further reading Assuming no prior knowledge of the subject, Interpersonal Relationships provides an accessible and up-to-date overview of this vibrant area of psychology. The book will be ideal reading for students who are new to higher-level study - whether at school, college or university, and will also be useful for first-year undergraduate students taking introductory courses in psychology.

How do we know right from wrong, good from bad, help from hindrance, and how can we judge the behaviour of others?Ethics are the rules and guidelines that we use to make such judgements. Often there are no clear answers, which make this subject both interesting and potentially frustrating. In this book, the authors offer readers the opportunity to develop and express their own opinions in relation to ethics in psychology.There are many psychological studies that appear to have been harmful or cruel to the people or animals that took part in them. For example, memory researchers carried out studies on a man who had no memory for over forty years, but because he had no memory he was never able to agree to the studies. Is this a reasonable thing to do to someone? Comparative psychologist Harry Harlow found that he could create severe and lasting distress in monkeys by keeping them in social isolation. Is this a reasonable thing to do even if we find out useful things about human distress? If you were able to use psychological techniques to break someone down so that they revealed information that was useful to your government, would you do it? If so, why? If not, why not? These ethical issues are not easy to resolve and the debates continue as we encounter new dilemmas.This book uses examples from psychological research to look at:key ethical issuesethical guidelines of psychologistssocially sensitive researchethics in applied psychologythe use of animals in researchThis book is essential reading for undergraduate and pre-undergraduate students of psychology and related subjects such as philosophy and social policy.

How do we know right from wrong, good from bad, help from hindrance, and how can we judge the behaviour of others?Ethics are the rules and guidelines that we use to make such judgements. Often there are no clear answers, which make this subject both interesting and potentially frustrating. In this book, the authors offer readers the opportunity to develop and express their own opinions in relation to ethics in psychology.There are many psychological studies that appear to have been harmful or cruel to the people or animals that took part in them. For example, memory researchers carried out studies on a man who had no memory for over forty years, but because he had no memory he was never able to agree to the studies. Is this a reasonable thing to do to someone? Comparative psychologist Harry Harlow found that he could create severe and lasting distress in monkeys by keeping them in social isolation. Is this a reasonable thing to do even if we find out useful things about human distress? If you were able to use psychological techniques to break someone down so that they revealed information that was useful to your government, would you do it? If so, why? If not, why not? These ethical issues are not easy to resolve and the debates continue as we encounter new dilemmas.This book uses examples from psychological research to look at:key ethical issuesethical guidelines of psychologistssocially sensitive researchethics in applied psychologythe use of animals in researchThis book is essential reading for undergraduate and pre-undergraduate students of psychology and related subjects such as philosophy and social policy.

The relationship between how we evolved and how we behave is a controversial and fascinating field of study. From how we choose a mate to how we socialize with other people, the evolutionary process has an enduring legacy on the way we view the world. Evolution and Behavior provides students with a thorough and accessible introduction to this growing discipline.Placing evolutionary psychology in context with the core areas of psychology – developmental, cognitive and social – the book explores some of the most fundamental questions we can ask about ourselves. Taking students through the principles of natural selection, it provides a nuanced understanding of key topics such as: cognitive development and the role of intelligence, memory, emotions and perception, mental health and abnormal psychology, sexual reproduction and family relationships, the development of culture.Addressing a number of controversial debates in the field, each chapter also includes concept boxes, the definition of key terms, chapter summaries and further reading. This is the ideal introductory textbook for anyone interested in evolutionary psychology. It will provide not only an essential overview of this emerging field, but also deepen readers’ appreciation of the core tenets of psychology as a whole.

The relationship between how we evolved and how we behave is a controversial and fascinating field of study. From how we choose a mate to how we socialize with other people, the evolutionary process has an enduring legacy on the way we view the world. Evolution and Behavior provides students with a thorough and accessible introduction to this growing discipline.Placing evolutionary psychology in context with the core areas of psychology – developmental, cognitive and social – the book explores some of the most fundamental questions we can ask about ourselves. Taking students through the principles of natural selection, it provides a nuanced understanding of key topics such as: cognitive development and the role of intelligence, memory, emotions and perception, mental health and abnormal psychology, sexual reproduction and family relationships, the development of culture.Addressing a number of controversial debates in the field, each chapter also includes concept boxes, the definition of key terms, chapter summaries and further reading. This is the ideal introductory textbook for anyone interested in evolutionary psychology. It will provide not only an essential overview of this emerging field, but also deepen readers’ appreciation of the core tenets of psychology as a whole.

The study of sensation and perception looks at how we acquire, process, and interpret information about the outside world. By describing key ideas from first principles, this straightforward introduction provides easy access to the basic concepts in the subject, and incorporates the most recent advances with useful historical background. The text takes a uniquely integrative approach, highlighting fundamental findings that apply across all the senses - including vision, hearing, touch, pain, balance, smell and taste - rather than considering each sense in isolation.Several pedagogical features help students to engage with the material. ‘Key Term’ and ‘Key Concept’ boxes describe technical terms and concepts whilst ‘Question’ boxes relate the material to everyday questions about perception. Each chapter ends with suggestions for further reading, and the final chapter draws together the material from the previous chapters, summarizing the broad principles described, and outlining some major unresolved issues.Assuming no prior knowledge, this book is an accessible and up-to-date overview of the processes of human sensation and perception. Presented in full color, it is an ideal introduction for pre-undergraduate and first year undergraduate students on courses in psychology, as well as neuroscience and biology.

The study of sensation and perception looks at how we acquire, process, and interpret information about the outside world. By describing key ideas from first principles, this straightforward introduction provides easy access to the basic concepts in the subject, and incorporates the most recent advances with useful historical background. The text takes a uniquely integrative approach, highlighting fundamental findings that apply across all the senses - including vision, hearing, touch, pain, balance, smell and taste - rather than considering each sense in isolation.Several pedagogical features help students to engage with the material. ‘Key Term’ and ‘Key Concept’ boxes describe technical terms and concepts whilst ‘Question’ boxes relate the material to everyday questions about perception. Each chapter ends with suggestions for further reading, and the final chapter draws together the material from the previous chapters, summarizing the broad principles described, and outlining some major unresolved issues.Assuming no prior knowledge, this book is an accessible and up-to-date overview of the processes of human sensation and perception. Presented in full color, it is an ideal introduction for pre-undergraduate and first year undergraduate students on courses in psychology, as well as neuroscience and biology.

The field of behavior therapy has expanded to the point where it is impossible to be knowledgeable about all the assessment strategies practiced by clinicians on a daily basis. This resource incorporates descriptions of both major and minor behavioral assessment techniques written by their leading proponents and practitioners in the field. A new preface by the editors contributes to the book’s currency. Originally published by Pergamon Press in 1988. From the Preface: 'When we first edited the Dictionary of Behavioral Assessment Techniques, it became clear to us that the field of behavior therapy had expanded to such a considerable extent that it was impossible (even for the so-called experts) to be knowledgeable about all of the assessment strategies carried out by our colleagues on a day-to-day basis. We therefore concluded that a dictionary, incorporating clear descriptions of major and minor techniques, would be of value to the field.'

When W. H. Freeman originally published this book in 1983, the scientific study of relationships was in its childhood. 'Relationship science' has since become an established endeavor in psychology, sociology, and other social and behavioral science disciplines—complete with its own organizations, journals, book series, handbooks, and sourcebooks. A lengthy new introduction by Ellen Berscheid and Harold Kelley documents the evolution of the field. From the Introduction to the Percheron Press Edition . . . '[W]e speak for all of the authors of Close Relationships when we express our great pleasure in seeing our book back in print again, for we believe its republication reflects the growing importance of the relationship field. We also believe its key messages are as sound and relevant today as they were at the time of the book’s initial publication nearly two decades ago.'

This classic work, first published in German in 1926 and subsequently in English in 1940, was the first comprehensive introduction to the field of comparative developmental psychology. In her new prologue to this reprint of the revised edition, originally published by International Universities Press in 1948, Margery Franklin sketches the key events in Werner's life, the major themes in his concept of development, and relevant issues for today's scholars.

The decade of the 1960s witnessed early attempts to create a unified science-profession of clinical psychology. Following in the path of these efforts - and the behavioral revolution in clinical psychology, which occurred around the same time - Donald Peterson set out to write what he describes in his new introduction as a 'manifesto' for a 'scientifically grounded, practically effective professional psychology.' Originally published by Appleton-Century-Crofts in 1968.

In this book, originally published by Ballinger in 1976, Michael Mahoney documents the idiosyncracies and foibles of the scientific process as a field of endeavor. A new introduction updates his discussion in light of subsequent developments, including such aspects of academia as politics and tenure, publication and power relations, science studies and constructivist inquiry, and what have come to be called the "science wars."