Health Information Science - Böcker

Healthcare service systems are of profound importance in promoting the public health and wellness of people. This book introduces a data-driven complex systems modeling approach (D2CSM) to systematically understand and improve the essence of healthcare service systems. In particular, this data-driven approach provides new perspectives on health service performance by unveiling the causes for service disparity, such as spatio-temporal variations in wait times across different hospitals.The approach integrates four methods -- Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)-based analysis; integrated projection; service management strategy design and evaluation; and behavior-based autonomy-oriented modeling -- to address respective challenges encountered in performing data analytics and modeling studies on healthcare services. The thrust and uniqueness of this approach lies in the following aspects:Ability to explore underlying complex relationships between observed or latent impact factors and service performance.Ability to predict the changes and demonstrate the corresponding dynamics of service utilization and service performance.Ability to strategically manage service resources with the adaptation of unpredictable patient arrivals.Ability to figure out the working mechanisms that account for certain spatio-temporal patterns of service utilization and performance.To show the practical effectiveness of the proposed systematic approach, this book provides a series of pilot studies within the context of cardiac care in Ontario, Canada. The exemplified studies have unveiled some novel findings, e.g., (1) service accessibility and education may relieve the pressure of population size on service utilization; (2) functionally coupled units may have a certain cross-unit wait-time relationship potentially because of a delay cascade phenomena; (3) strategically allocating time blocks in operating rooms (ORs) based on a feedback mechanism may benefit OR utilization; (4) patients’ and hospitals’ autonomous behavior, and their interactions via wait times may bear the responsible for the emergence of spatio-temporal patterns observed in the real-world cardiac care system. Furthermore, this book presents an intelligent healthcare decision support (iHDS) system, an integrated architecture for implementing the data-driven complex systems modeling approach to developing, analyzing, investigating, supporting and advising healthcare related decisions.In summary, this book provides a data-driven systematic approach for addressing practical decision-support problems confronted in healthcare service management. This approach will provide policy makers, researchers, and practitioners with a practically useful way for examining service utilization and service performance in various ``what-if" scenarios, inspiring the design of effectiveness resource-allocation strategies, and deepening the understanding of the nature of complex healthcare service systems.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to computational epidemiology, highlighting its major methodological paradigms throughout the development of the field while emphasizing the needs for a new paradigm shift in order to most effectively address the increasingly complex real-world challenges in disease control and prevention. Specifically, the book presents the basic concepts, related computational models, and tools that are useful for characterizing disease transmission dynamics with respect to a heterogeneous host population. In addition, it shows how to develop and apply computational methods to tackle the challenges involved in population-level intervention, such as prioritized vaccine allocation. A unique feature of this book is that its examination on the issues of vaccination decision-making is not confined only to the question of how to develop strategic policies on prioritized interventions, as it further approaches the issues from the perspective of individuals, offering a well integrated cost-benefit and social-influence account for voluntary vaccination decisions. One of the most important contributions of this book lies in it offers a blueprint on a novel methodological paradigm in epidemiology, namely, systems epidemiology, with detailed systems modeling principles, as well as practical steps and real-world examples, which can readily be applied in addressing future systems epidemiological challenges.The book is intended to serve as a reference book for researchers and practitioners in the fields of computer science and epidemiology. Together with the provided references on the key concepts, methods, and examples being introduced, the book can also readily be adopted as an introductory text for undergraduate and graduate courses in computational epidemiology as well as systems epidemiology, and as training materials for practitioners and field workers.

Artificial intelligent systems, which offer great improvement in healthcare sector assisted by machine learning, wireless communications, data analytics, cognitive computing, and mobile computing provide more intelligent and convenient solutions and services.

Artificial intelligent systems, which offer great improvement in healthcare sector assisted by machine learning, wireless communications, data analytics, cognitive computing, and mobile computing provide more intelligent and convenient solutions and services.

The impulse-radar sensors and depth sensors, considered in this book, have a potential for overcoming those difficulties since they are not cumbersome for the monitored persons – if compared to wearable sensors – and do not violate the monitored person's privacy – if compared to video cameras.

The impulse-radar sensors and depth sensors, considered in this book, have a potential for overcoming those difficulties since they are not cumbersome for the monitored persons – if compared to wearable sensors – and do not violate the monitored person's privacy – if compared to video cameras.

Tropical diseases continue to impose a significant burden on global health, particularly in low- and middle-income regions. These diseases challenge healthcare systems, exacerbate economic disparities, and threaten global public health. In this rapidly evolving landscape, integrating advanced technologies offers unprecedented opportunities to transform the prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of tropical diseases.This groundbreaking volume explores biosensor advancements, wearable technologies, artificial intelligence, predictive modeling, mobile health, and biotechnological innovations. Each chapter delves into how these cutting-edge solutions address the unique challenges of tropical diseases, from improving diagnostics and disease surveillance to enabling equitable access to care in resource-limited settings. The book also examines the ethical, technical, and economic barriers to implementation, providing actionable strategies to overcome these challenges.Key features include:In-depth analysis of innovative diagnostic tools, including biosensors and IoT-enabled wearables.Insights into AI and machine learning applications for outbreak prediction and resource allocation.Case studies of mobile health, telemedicine, and robotics in tropical disease management.Exploration of biotechnological and therapeutic advances tailored to tropical diseases.Critical analysis of ethical considerations, data security, and equitable technology access.A forward-looking perspective on emerging trends and their alignment with global health goals.Aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this book emphasizes the role of technology in achieving SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure). It is an indispensable resource for public health professionals, researchers, policymakers, bioengineers, healthcare technologists, and academics seeking to address the complexities of tropical diseases with innovative, sustainable solutions.This is a transformative guide to leveraging technology for a healthier, more resilient world.

This edited volume provides a comprehensive exploration of sustainable, integrated, and innovative approaches to the prevention, monitoring, and management of emerging tropical diseases. With a particular emphasis on building resilient and equitable health systems in the Global South, it critically examines how health, environment, and social systems intersect in addressing infectious disease challenges. The book highlights the policy, institutional, and technological frameworks necessary for both national and international stakeholders to advance sustainable health solutions while confronting barriers in diagnostics, treatment, vaccination, and community-based disease management.A central theme of the volume is the application of One Health and EcoHealth frameworks as transformative tools for integrating human, animal, and environmental health considerations. Through these lenses, the book delves into strategies for strengthening disease surveillance systems, improving public health infrastructure, enhancing environmental sustainability, and promoting livelihood security. Case studies and evidence-driven analyses illustrate how innovative, participatory, and inclusive approaches can reshape public health interventions to ensure long-term resilience and equity.Bringing together a diverse team of global experts and practitioners, this book serves as a vital reference for public health professionals, environmental scientists, healthcare practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students. It aims to inspire action-oriented research, informed policy decisions, and community engagement toward achieving sustainable health outcomes across different regions, especially those disproportionately affected by tropical diseases.

This book introduces the field of Health Web Science and presents methods for information gathering from written social media data. It explores the availability and utility of the personal medical information shared on social media platforms and determines ways to apply this largely untapped information source to healthcare systems and public health monitoring. Introducing an innovative concept for integrating social media data with clinical data, it addresses the crucial aspect of combining experiential data from social media with clinical evidence, and explores how the variety of available social media content can be analyzed and implemented. The book tackles a range of topics including social media’s role in healthcare, the gathering of shared information, and the integration of clinical and social media data. Application examples of social media for health monitoring, along with its usage in patient treatment are also provided. The book also considers the ethical and legal issues of gathering and utilizing social media data, along with the risks and challenges that must be considered when integrating social media data into healthcare choices. With an increased interest internationally in E-Health, Health 2.0, Medicine 2.0 and the recent birth of the discipline of Web Science, this book will be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners investigating this emerging topic.

Introducing an innovative concept for integrating social media data with clinical data, it addresses the crucial aspect of combining experiential data from social media with clinical evidence, and explores how the variety of available social media content can be analyzed and implemented.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of different biomedical data types, including both clinical and genomic data. Thorough explanations enable readers to explore key topics ranging from electrocardiograms to Big Data health mining and EEG analysis techniques. Each chapter offers a summary of the field and a sample analysis. Also covered are telehealth infrastructure, healthcare information association rules, methods for mass spectrometry imaging, environmental biodiversity, and the global nonlinear fitness function for protein structures. Diseases are addressed in chapters on functional annotation of lncRNAs in human disease, metabolomics characterization of human diseases, disease risk factors using SNP data and Bayesian methods, and imaging informatics for diagnostic imaging marker selection.With the exploding accumulation of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), there is an urgent need for computer-aided analysis of heterogeneous biomedical datasets. Biomedical data is notorious for its diversified scales, dimensions, and volumes, and requires interdisciplinary technologies for visual illustration and digital characterization. Various computer programs and servers have been developed for these purposes by both theoreticians and engineers. This book is an essential reference for investigating the tools available for analyzing heterogeneous biomedical data. It is designed for professionals, researchers, and practitioners in biomedical engineering, diagnostics, medical electronics, and related industries.

This book presents advanced methodologies in two areas related to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals: detection of epileptic seizures and identification of mental states in brain computer interface (BCI) systems.

This book presents advances in biomedical imaging analysis and processing techniques using time dependent medical image datasets for computer aided diagnosis. The analysis of time-series images is one of the most widely appearing problems in science, engineering, and business. In recent years this problem has gained importance due to the increasing availability of more sensitive sensors in science and engineering and due to the wide-spread use of computers in corporations which have increased the amount of time-series data collected by many magnitudes. An important feature of this book is the exploration of different approaches to handle and identify time dependent biomedical images. Biomedical imaging analysis and processing techniques deal with the interaction between all forms of radiation and biological molecules, cells or tissues, to visualize small particles and opaque objects, and to achieve the recognition of biomedical patterns. These are topics of great importance to biomedical science, biology, and medicine. Biomedical imaging analysis techniques can be applied in many different areas to solve existing problems. The various requirements arising from the process of resolving practical problems motivate and expedite the development of biomedical imaging analysis. This is a major reason for the fast growth of the discipline.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of different biomedical data types, including both clinical and genomic data. Thorough explanations enable readers to explore key topics ranging from electrocardiograms to Big Data health mining and EEG analysis techniques. Each chapter offers a summary of the field and a sample analysis. Also covered are telehealth infrastructure, healthcare information association rules, methods for mass spectrometry imaging, environmental biodiversity, and the global nonlinear fitness function for protein structures. Diseases are addressed in chapters on functional annotation of lncRNAs in human disease, metabolomics characterization of human diseases, disease risk factors using SNP data and Bayesian methods, and imaging informatics for diagnostic imaging marker selection.With the exploding accumulation of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), there is an urgent need for computer-aided analysis of heterogeneous biomedical datasets. Biomedical data is notorious for its diversified scales, dimensions, and volumes, and requires interdisciplinary technologies for visual illustration and digital characterization. Various computer programs and servers have been developed for these purposes by both theoreticians and engineers. This book is an essential reference for investigating the tools available for analyzing heterogeneous biomedical data. It is designed for professionals, researchers, and practitioners in biomedical engineering, diagnostics, medical electronics, and related industries.

This book presents advanced methodologies in two areas related to electroencephalogram (EEG) signals: detection of epileptic seizures and identification of mental states in brain computer interface (BCI) systems.