Science and technology plays a critical role, but not the only role, in realizing the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. Not only must we observe the cultural context of scientific and technological interventions, we must respect and support the innovative capacity of those with different backgrounds. To help understand these concerns, this book puts forth the concept of generative justice in science and technology for development. This book presents community case studies concerning technological interventions in global health, the environment, agriculture, and their ethics. Discusses issues around science, technology, and development in the Global South. Describes the redesign of lab-inspired prototypes after field testing with project partners. Identifies basic science/engineering principles utilized in development solutions.

This book asserts that the goal of smart villages should shift from one of extraction to one of community value creation. To begin this conversation, we examine the smart village discourse, debates in design theory, non-western traditions of innovation, and sustainable development. Through case studies of smart village co-design we offer a way forward. This book is relevant for engineers, social scientists, and development practitioners. The book will be of special interest to those seeking to expand their inquiry into the role of science and technology in low and middle-income countries.

Integrated Agriculture - An Approach for Sustainable Agriculture offers a comprehensive examination of a transformative agricultural paradigm aimed at revolutionizing farming practices worldwide. This book explores the core principles and practical applications of integrated agriculture, presenting a holistic perspective that merges traditional wisdom with modern scientific advancements. The book is an indispensable resource that bridges theory and practice, offering readers a roadmap to embracing a holistic and forward-thinking approach to farming on a global scale. Through its comprehensive exploration of integrated agricultural practices, this book advocates for a sustainable and prosperous future for agriculture worldwide.With a focus on enhancing agricultural productivity, profitability, sustainability, and environmental health, this book serves as a guiding beacon for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students invested in the future of global agriculture.

The process of mineral extraction results in substantial damage of the topsoil, which leads to soil degradation in the form of deterioration of the soil structure, susceptibility to soil erosion, excessive leaching of nutrients, soil compaction, decrease in soil pH, accumulation of heavy metals in soil, depletion of organic matter, reduced accessibility of nutrients for plants, diminished capacity for cation exchange, the decline in microbial activity, and ultimately, a consequent decline in soil fertility. Effective management of topsoil is indispensable in the execution of a reclamation strategy, as it serves to minimize nutrient depletion and ultimately expedite the process of restoring soil health and quality.Ghana is among the top ten gold producing countries in the world and its actions towards achieving environmental sustainability in the mining sector must be shared with the world. There are some great success stories as well as challenges in the mining sector sustainability from Ghana’s case, which are left undocumented and are limited in investigations in a scientific book. Such enviable feats chalked by some mining companies must be documented so that lessons can be borrowed for replications in restoring similar degraded mining sites elsewhere across the globe. Additionally, companies can learn from the success stories and challenges encountered in mine land reclamation and revegetation in this book.Revegetation may present a sustainable option for the reclamation and restoration of mine soil degradation. The restoration process involves many strategies aimed at improving the quality of soil, such as augmenting the quantity of soil organic matter, enhancing nutrient availability, increasing cation exchange capacity, stimulating biological activities, and optimizing the physical qualities of the soil.Researchers, scientists and consultants in the subject of soil pollution and remediation have conducted a great deal of study using a variety of techniques and approaches. However, a fragmented reporting of techniques and results has resulted from the documentation and dissemination of success stories, challenges and findings mostly through individual technical reports and publication in scholarly journals. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the many scientific methodologies used to identify environmental risks related to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in mining sites and revegetation as a strategy to ameliorating contaminated and degraded mining sites. The book covers application of these methods in identifying soil-human health risks and planning towards reclamation of such derelict ecosystems.The book combines reviews of relevant literature, laboratory investigation on PTEs from representative mine-contaminated soil and spoil samples as well as appraisal of case studies on successful reclamation and revegetation of mine-degraded lands. Applications of the total element concentration method, size fractionation experiments, sequential extraction analyses, risk assessment indices, geospatial analysis, redox chemistry experiments, synchrotron radiation science, incubation experiments, and pot experimental trials in soil remediation works were documented first hand in a single piece in this book.The book is organized into nineteen chapters, each dedicated to soil contamination caused by mining and revegetation as a sustainable solution. The initial parts of the book deal with various techniques for identifying soil-human health risks. They include some topics such as the consequences of heavy metal presence and build-up, the sources from which heavy metal pollutants originate, and the possible hazards they bring to plant, human, and soil health. The second parts begin with the concept of mining sector sustainability and explore revegetation as a strategy for reclaiming and remediating mining-contaminated lands, with the objective of restoring ecosystem functionality, improving soil characteristics, and cleaning metal-contaminated soils.The book may serve as a valuable resource for individuals occupying various professional roles and engaging in academic pursuits, such as project officers operating within the environmental, safety, and health divisions of mining enterprises, consultants specializing in land reclamation, lecturers specializing in environmental and soil sciences, students, and individuals with a strong interest in environmental protection.

Agricultural Waste Valorization is a comprehensive guide to understanding, managing, and valorizing organic residues generated across major tropical cropping systems. The book examines the global crisis of organic waste, the specific challenges faced in tropical agriculture, and the enormous untapped potential of crop residues such as coffee pulp, banana pseudostems, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, cocoa pod husks, and cassava peels.It provides a structured, science-based overview of biological, thermochemical, and integrated waste-management pathways—such as composting, anaerobic digestion, gasification, biochar production, and innovative emerging uses like black soldier fly larvae and fiber extraction. Through crop-specific case studies and practical tools, it offers a roadmap for implementing circular, low-waste systems on farms and in rural communities throughout the tropics.This book is important because it addresses one of the least recognized yet most critical sustainability challenges in tropical agriculture: the continuous and massive generation of organic waste. In regions with year-round production, humid climates, and limited processing infrastructure, organic residues often become environmental liabilities—producing greenhouse gases, contaminating water sources, and wasting valuable nutrients and energy.By reframing waste as a resource, the book highlights how tropical countries can transform a problem into a development opportunity. It offers practical, context-appropriate strategies to help farmers, researchers, policymakers, and development practitioners turn residues into compost, energy, materials, and new livelihood options. In doing so, it supports climate mitigation, soil restoration, rural income diversification, and the transition toward circular and regenerative agricultural systems.

Engineering and scientific interventions, especially Western interventions, in societies in the majority world, can no longer be left to the scientists and engineers coming from the west or channeling western ideals. In addressing these concerns, this volume brings new thinking, new concepts, and processes and procedures from a variety of disciplines and analytical lenses. It introduces a new development practice, from education to ideation and implementation to assessment. In the chapters, the authors, some of whom are scientists and engineers, but also anthropologists, geographers, and political scientists disentangle the socio-technical relations so that we can better understand the challenges that have befallen the global majority. The authors also integrate educational examples for how to train STEM forward professionals on how they can be agents of change, while maintaining a certain level of humility. The book offers critical and compelling insights into what is wrong with current hegemonic paradigms of development and the concepts and tools we can use to advance a different direction that promotes dignity, community self-sufficiency, and sustainability.  Will appeal to engineers involved in technology for society projects.Will be of interest to social scientists and policy makers who seek to push the limits technology in the public interest.

Science and technology plays a critical role, but not the only role, in realizing the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. Not only must we observe the cultural context of scientific and technological interventions, we must respect and support the innovative capacity of those with different backgrounds. To help understand these concerns, this book puts forth the concept of generative justice in science and technology for development. This book presents community case studies concerning technological interventions in global health, the environment, agriculture, and their ethics. Discusses issues around science, technology, and development in the Global South. Describes the redesign of lab-inspired prototypes after field testing with project partners. Identifies basic science/engineering principles utilized in development solutions.

This book asserts that the goal of smart villages should shift from one of extraction to one of community value creation. To begin this conversation, we examine the smart village discourse, debates in design theory, non-western traditions of innovation, and sustainable development. Through case studies of smart village co-design we offer a way forward. This book is relevant for engineers, social scientists, and development practitioners. The book will be of special interest to those seeking to expand their inquiry into the role of science and technology in low and middle-income countries.

Integrated Agriculture - An Approach for Sustainable Agriculture offers a comprehensive examination of a transformative agricultural paradigm aimed at revolutionizing farming practices worldwide. This book explores the core principles and practical applications of integrated agriculture, presenting a holistic perspective that merges traditional wisdom with modern scientific advancements. The book is an indispensable resource that bridges theory and practice, offering readers a roadmap to embracing a holistic and forward-thinking approach to farming on a global scale. Through its comprehensive exploration of integrated agricultural practices, this book advocates for a sustainable and prosperous future for agriculture worldwide.With a focus on enhancing agricultural productivity, profitability, sustainability, and environmental health, this book serves as a guiding beacon for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and students invested in the future of global agriculture.

The process of mineral extraction results in substantial damage of the topsoil, which leads to soil degradation in the form of deterioration of the soil structure, susceptibility to soil erosion, excessive leaching of nutrients, soil compaction, decrease in soil pH, accumulation of heavy metals in soil, depletion of organic matter, reduced accessibility of nutrients for plants, diminished capacity for cation exchange, the decline in microbial activity, and ultimately, a consequent decline in soil fertility. Effective management of topsoil is indispensable in the execution of a reclamation strategy, as it serves to minimize nutrient depletion and ultimately expedite the process of restoring soil health and quality.Ghana is among the top ten gold producing countries in the world and its actions towards achieving environmental sustainability in the mining sector must be shared with the world. There are some great success stories as well as challenges in the mining sector sustainability from Ghana’s case, which are left undocumented and are limited in investigations in a scientific book. Such enviable feats chalked by some mining companies must be documented so that lessons can be borrowed for replications in restoring similar degraded mining sites elsewhere across the globe. Additionally, companies can learn from the success stories and challenges encountered in mine land reclamation and revegetation in this book.Revegetation may present a sustainable option for the reclamation and restoration of mine soil degradation. The restoration process involves many strategies aimed at improving the quality of soil, such as augmenting the quantity of soil organic matter, enhancing nutrient availability, increasing cation exchange capacity, stimulating biological activities, and optimizing the physical qualities of the soil.Researchers, scientists and consultants in the subject of soil pollution and remediation have conducted a great deal of study using a variety of techniques and approaches. However, a fragmented reporting of techniques and results has resulted from the documentation and dissemination of success stories, challenges and findings mostly through individual technical reports and publication in scholarly journals. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the many scientific methodologies used to identify environmental risks related to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in mining sites and revegetation as a strategy to ameliorating contaminated and degraded mining sites. The book covers application of these methods in identifying soil-human health risks and planning towards reclamation of such derelict ecosystems.The book combines reviews of relevant literature, laboratory investigation on PTEs from representative mine-contaminated soil and spoil samples as well as appraisal of case studies on successful reclamation and revegetation of mine-degraded lands. Applications of the total element concentration method, size fractionation experiments, sequential extraction analyses, risk assessment indices, geospatial analysis, redox chemistry experiments, synchrotron radiation science, incubation experiments, and pot experimental trials in soil remediation works were documented first hand in a single piece in this book.The book is organized into nineteen chapters, each dedicated to soil contamination caused by mining and revegetation as a sustainable solution. The initial parts of the book deal with various techniques for identifying soil-human health risks. They include some topics such as the consequences of heavy metal presence and build-up, the sources from which heavy metal pollutants originate, and the possible hazards they bring to plant, human, and soil health. The second parts begin with the concept of mining sector sustainability and explore revegetation as a strategy for reclaiming and remediating mining-contaminated lands, with the objective of restoring ecosystem functionality, improving soil characteristics, and cleaning metal-contaminated soils.The book may serve as a valuable resource for individuals occupying various professional roles and engaging in academic pursuits, such as project officers operating within the environmental, safety, and health divisions of mining enterprises, consultants specializing in land reclamation, lecturers specializing in environmental and soil sciences, students, and individuals with a strong interest in environmental protection.

Agricultural Waste Valorization is a comprehensive guide to understanding, managing, and valorizing organic residues generated across major tropical cropping systems. The book examines the global crisis of organic waste, the specific challenges faced in tropical agriculture, and the enormous untapped potential of crop residues such as coffee pulp, banana pseudostems, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, cocoa pod husks, and cassava peels.It provides a structured, science-based overview of biological, thermochemical, and integrated waste-management pathways—such as composting, anaerobic digestion, gasification, biochar production, and innovative emerging uses like black soldier fly larvae and fiber extraction. Through crop-specific case studies and practical tools, it offers a roadmap for implementing circular, low-waste systems on farms and in rural communities throughout the tropics.This book is important because it addresses one of the least recognized yet most critical sustainability challenges in tropical agriculture: the continuous and massive generation of organic waste. In regions with year-round production, humid climates, and limited processing infrastructure, organic residues often become environmental liabilities—producing greenhouse gases, contaminating water sources, and wasting valuable nutrients and energy.By reframing waste as a resource, the book highlights how tropical countries can transform a problem into a development opportunity. It offers practical, context-appropriate strategies to help farmers, researchers, policymakers, and development practitioners turn residues into compost, energy, materials, and new livelihood options. In doing so, it supports climate mitigation, soil restoration, rural income diversification, and the transition toward circular and regenerative agricultural systems.

Engineering and scientific interventions, especially Western interventions, in societies in the majority world, can no longer be left to the scientists and engineers coming from the west or channeling western ideals. In addressing these concerns, this volume brings new thinking, new concepts, and processes and procedures from a variety of disciplines and analytical lenses. It introduces a new development practice, from education to ideation and implementation to assessment. In the chapters, the authors, some of whom are scientists and engineers, but also anthropologists, geographers, and political scientists disentangle the socio-technical relations so that we can better understand the challenges that have befallen the global majority. The authors also integrate educational examples for how to train STEM forward professionals on how they can be agents of change, while maintaining a certain level of humility. The book offers critical and compelling insights into what is wrong with current hegemonic paradigms of development and the concepts and tools we can use to advance a different direction that promotes dignity, community self-sufficiency, and sustainability.  Will appeal to engineers involved in technology for society projects.Will be of interest to social scientists and policy makers who seek to push the limits technology in the public interest.