This book focuses on some technical problems encountered in shield tunneling in hard–soft uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum, based on the recent shield tunneling engineering practice, and summarizes the achievements of shield tunneling in view of the technical problems from an overall and objective perspective. There are 6 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 introduces the development trend of shield tunneling method, defines classification of various stratum where shield tunneling applies, and mainly analyses the selection of shield machines and the configuration of cutters. Chapters 2 to 5 elaborates the strata characteristics and construction difficulties under various stratum conditions, puts forward adaptive selection and design keys of shield in various stratum, and emphatically analyses and summarizes the stability control technologies of shield tunnel face and driving control technology by case studies. Chapter 6 introduces the shield chamber opening technologies under hyperbaric condition, emphatically presents the basic requirements and operational preparations for the shield chamber opening, and puts forward innovative ideas of operation procedures, control points of key procedures, and safety requirements of shield chamber opening under hyperbaric condition.

This book focuses on some technical problems encountered in shield tunneling in hard–soft uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum, based on the recent shield tunneling engineering practice, and summarizes the achievements of shield tunneling in view of the technical problems from an overall and objective perspective. There are 6 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 introduces the development trend of shield tunneling method, defines classification of various stratum where shield tunneling applies, and mainly analyses the selection of shield machines and the configuration of cutters. Chapters 2 to 5 elaborates the strata characteristics and construction difficulties under various stratum conditions, puts forward adaptive selection and design keys of shield in various stratum, and emphatically analyses and summarizes the stability control technologies of shield tunnel face and driving control technology by case studies. Chapter 6 introduces the shield chamber opening technologies under hyperbaric condition, emphatically presents the basic requirements and operational preparations for the shield chamber opening, and puts forward innovative ideas of operation procedures, control points of key procedures, and safety requirements of shield chamber opening under hyperbaric condition.

This book proposes the tool change methods for the excessive tool wear in the construction rules of shield tunnel construction in China. From the perspective of shield tunneling, atmospheric pressure tool change, pressure opening and tool change, and other special techniques, the tool change technologies are proposed. It highlights a number of tool-changing techniques and research and development work, including pressure-changing tools, tool-changing tools in the tool-cylinder arm, and cutter-tooth cutter inter-change since the beginning of the construction of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.

This book proposes the tool change methods for the excessive tool wear in the construction rules of shield tunnel construction in China. From the perspective of shield tunneling, atmospheric pressure tool change, pressure opening and tool change, and other special techniques, the tool change technologies are proposed. It highlights a number of tool-changing techniques and research and development work, including pressure-changing tools, tool-changing tools in the tool-cylinder arm, and cutter-tooth cutter inter-change since the beginning of the construction of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the new geophysical detection theories, methods and technologies of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions and environments. It mainly focuses on the application of 3D seismic technique, 3D high-power resistivity sounding, and 3D GPR, etc. There are 7 chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the state of the art and developing trends of geophysical detection technologies for tunnel engineering. Chapter 2 analyzes the complex geological conditions and environments for tunnel construction and the latest geophysical detection technologies. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 systematically elaborate on the 3D seismic techniques, 3D detection technologies for water content in tunnel surrounding rocks, 3D detection technologies for side/back slope, 3D detection technologies for shield tunneling, and 3D detection technologies for collapse treatment of tunnel construction. The book presents numerous case studies to illustrate the applications of these technologies.

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the new geophysical detection theories, methods and technologies of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions and environments. It mainly focuses on the application of 3D seismic technique, 3D high-power resistivity sounding, and 3D GPR, etc. There are 7 chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the state of the art and developing trends of geophysical detection technologies for tunnel engineering. Chapter 2 analyzes the complex geological conditions and environments for tunnel construction and the latest geophysical detection technologies. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 systematically elaborate on the 3D seismic techniques, 3D detection technologies for water content in tunnel surrounding rocks, 3D detection technologies for side/back slope, 3D detection technologies for shield tunneling, and 3D detection technologies for collapse treatment of tunnel construction. The book presents numerous case studies to illustrate the applications of these technologies.

This book focuses on the influences on the shield tunnels (mainly metro tunnels) in typical soft soils in Shanghai Area caused by loading or unloading on the ground. Theoretical analysis, model test, and numerical analysis were adopted for figuring out the influence results. Based on the analysis results and the engineering experiences from the constructions and operations of metro tunnels in Shanghai Area in the past twenty years, the deformation law of tunnel was summarized and several control measures for external constructions were put forward to help ensure the structural safety of the tunnels. Besides, several cases concerning the loading or unloading on metro tunnels were studied to help verify the results. From this book, the readers could learn a new approach for the structural analysis of the tunnels, and strengthen the risk awareness of the existed tunnels or similar structures.

This book focuses on the study of deformation, particularly transverse deformation of the shield tunnel. The book begins with a theoretical analysis based on structural mechanics is introduced, followed by a full-scale model test conducted to monitor the deformation of the structure under gradually increasing loads.Most of the structure types existing in the Shanghai Metro system are researched in the tests, and the deformation mechanisms for different structures were separately summarized. In addition, tunnels with reinforcement measures are also tested to verify the effects of the reinforcement.Based on the research results, safety control standards for the tunnels are proposed, and several deformation treatment measures are introduced with four application cases in Shanghai.From this book, readers will learn the deformation mechanisms of shield tunnel structures and corresponding treatment measures, which can help them solve relevant issues and enhance their awareness of structural safety risks at the same time.

This book mainly focuses on two topics:• The early warning system of the metro structural safety, which includes the monitoring system and inspection system;• The treatment technology for the tunnel disease.In the discussion of the early warning system, several advanced sensing technologies were introduced, which could easily and rapidly detect the potential diseases of the tunnel lining structure. Meanwhile, in the discussion of the treatment technology for the structural problems, several reinforcement measures were introduced in details and corresponding application cases in East China were put out to verify the effects of the measures. From this book, practitioners in the maintenance and repair of metro structures could learn the deformation mechanisms and help address the practical issues they encounter.

This book mainly focuses on two topics:• The early warning system of the metro structural safety, which includes the monitoring system and inspection system;• The treatment technology for the tunnel disease.In the discussion of the early warning system, several advanced sensing technologies were introduced, which could easily and rapidly detect the potential diseases of the tunnel lining structure. Meanwhile, in the discussion of the treatment technology for the structural problems, several reinforcement measures were introduced in details and corresponding application cases in East China were put out to verify the effects of the measures. From this book, practitioners in the maintenance and repair of metro structures could learn the deformation mechanisms and help address the practical issues they encounter.

Based on the construction of Nanjing Weisan Road Yangtze River Tunnel, this book comprehensively introduces the new technology of large-diameter shield tunnel construction crossing circular air shafts. It focuses on four aspects: the construction technology of super-deep circular air shaft foundation pit retaining structure in the sensitive environment near the river, underwater excavation and underwater massive concrete sealing bottom construction technology, adaptive improvement of TBM and construction technology of crossing air shaft, and control technology of super-deep foundation pit stability during the process of conversion. This book combines theory with practice, and can provide reference for shield engineering construction. It can also be used as a reference for engineering and technical personnel, researchers, teachers and students in related majors in colleges who are engaged in shield tunnel engineering.

This book focuses on some technical problems encountered in shield tunneling in hard–soft uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum, based on the recent shield tunneling engineering practice, and summarizes the achievements of shield tunneling in view of the technical problems from an overall and objective perspective. There are 6 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 introduces the development trend of shield tunneling method, defines classification of various stratum where shield tunneling applies, and mainly analyses the selection of shield machines and the configuration of cutters. Chapters 2 to 5 elaborates the strata characteristics and construction difficulties under various stratum conditions, puts forward adaptive selection and design keys of shield in various stratum, and emphatically analyses and summarizes the stability control technologies of shield tunnel face and driving control technology by case studies. Chapter 6 introduces the shield chamber opening technologies under hyperbaric condition, emphatically presents the basic requirements and operational preparations for the shield chamber opening, and puts forward innovative ideas of operation procedures, control points of key procedures, and safety requirements of shield chamber opening under hyperbaric condition.

This book focuses on some technical problems encountered in shield tunneling in hard–soft uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum, based on the recent shield tunneling engineering practice, and summarizes the achievements of shield tunneling in view of the technical problems from an overall and objective perspective. There are 6 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 introduces the development trend of shield tunneling method, defines classification of various stratum where shield tunneling applies, and mainly analyses the selection of shield machines and the configuration of cutters. Chapters 2 to 5 elaborates the strata characteristics and construction difficulties under various stratum conditions, puts forward adaptive selection and design keys of shield in various stratum, and emphatically analyses and summarizes the stability control technologies of shield tunnel face and driving control technology by case studies. Chapter 6 introduces the shield chamber opening technologies under hyperbaric condition, emphatically presents the basic requirements and operational preparations for the shield chamber opening, and puts forward innovative ideas of operation procedures, control points of key procedures, and safety requirements of shield chamber opening under hyperbaric condition.

This book proposes the tool change methods for the excessive tool wear in the construction rules of shield tunnel construction in China. From the perspective of shield tunneling, atmospheric pressure tool change, pressure opening and tool change, and other special techniques, the tool change technologies are proposed. It highlights a number of tool-changing techniques and research and development work, including pressure-changing tools, tool-changing tools in the tool-cylinder arm, and cutter-tooth cutter inter-change since the beginning of the construction of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.

This book proposes the tool change methods for the excessive tool wear in the construction rules of shield tunnel construction in China. From the perspective of shield tunneling, atmospheric pressure tool change, pressure opening and tool change, and other special techniques, the tool change technologies are proposed. It highlights a number of tool-changing techniques and research and development work, including pressure-changing tools, tool-changing tools in the tool-cylinder arm, and cutter-tooth cutter inter-change since the beginning of the construction of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel.

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the new geophysical detection theories, methods and technologies of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions and environments. It mainly focuses on the application of 3D seismic technique, 3D high-power resistivity sounding, and 3D GPR, etc. There are 7 chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the state of the art and developing trends of geophysical detection technologies for tunnel engineering. Chapter 2 analyzes the complex geological conditions and environments for tunnel construction and the latest geophysical detection technologies. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 systematically elaborate on the 3D seismic techniques, 3D detection technologies for water content in tunnel surrounding rocks, 3D detection technologies for side/back slope, 3D detection technologies for shield tunneling, and 3D detection technologies for collapse treatment of tunnel construction. The book presents numerous case studies to illustrate the applications of these technologies.

This book gives a comprehensive introduction to the new geophysical detection theories, methods and technologies of tunnel engineering under complex geological conditions and environments. It mainly focuses on the application of 3D seismic technique, 3D high-power resistivity sounding, and 3D GPR, etc. There are 7 chapters in the book. Chapter 1 introduces the state of the art and developing trends of geophysical detection technologies for tunnel engineering. Chapter 2 analyzes the complex geological conditions and environments for tunnel construction and the latest geophysical detection technologies. Chapter 3 to Chapter 7 systematically elaborate on the 3D seismic techniques, 3D detection technologies for water content in tunnel surrounding rocks, 3D detection technologies for side/back slope, 3D detection technologies for shield tunneling, and 3D detection technologies for collapse treatment of tunnel construction. The book presents numerous case studies to illustrate the applications of these technologies.

This book focuses on the influences on the shield tunnels (mainly metro tunnels) in typical soft soils in Shanghai Area caused by loading or unloading on the ground. Theoretical analysis, model test, and numerical analysis were adopted for figuring out the influence results. Based on the analysis results and the engineering experiences from the constructions and operations of metro tunnels in Shanghai Area in the past twenty years, the deformation law of tunnel was summarized and several control measures for external constructions were put forward to help ensure the structural safety of the tunnels. Besides, several cases concerning the loading or unloading on metro tunnels were studied to help verify the results. From this book, the readers could learn a new approach for the structural analysis of the tunnels, and strengthen the risk awareness of the existed tunnels or similar structures.

This book focuses on the study of deformation, particularly transverse deformation of the shield tunnel. The book begins with a theoretical analysis based on structural mechanics is introduced, followed by a full-scale model test conducted to monitor the deformation of the structure under gradually increasing loads.Most of the structure types existing in the Shanghai Metro system are researched in the tests, and the deformation mechanisms for different structures were separately summarized. In addition, tunnels with reinforcement measures are also tested to verify the effects of the reinforcement.Based on the research results, safety control standards for the tunnels are proposed, and several deformation treatment measures are introduced with four application cases in Shanghai.From this book, readers will learn the deformation mechanisms of shield tunnel structures and corresponding treatment measures, which can help them solve relevant issues and enhance their awareness of structural safety risks at the same time.

This book mainly focuses on two topics:• The early warning system of the metro structural safety, which includes the monitoring system and inspection system;• The treatment technology for the tunnel disease.In the discussion of the early warning system, several advanced sensing technologies were introduced, which could easily and rapidly detect the potential diseases of the tunnel lining structure. Meanwhile, in the discussion of the treatment technology for the structural problems, several reinforcement measures were introduced in details and corresponding application cases in East China were put out to verify the effects of the measures. From this book, practitioners in the maintenance and repair of metro structures could learn the deformation mechanisms and help address the practical issues they encounter.

This book mainly focuses on two topics:• The early warning system of the metro structural safety, which includes the monitoring system and inspection system;• The treatment technology for the tunnel disease.In the discussion of the early warning system, several advanced sensing technologies were introduced, which could easily and rapidly detect the potential diseases of the tunnel lining structure. Meanwhile, in the discussion of the treatment technology for the structural problems, several reinforcement measures were introduced in details and corresponding application cases in East China were put out to verify the effects of the measures. From this book, practitioners in the maintenance and repair of metro structures could learn the deformation mechanisms and help address the practical issues they encounter.

Based on the construction of Nanjing Weisan Road Yangtze River Tunnel, this book comprehensively introduces the new technology of large-diameter shield tunnel construction crossing circular air shafts. It focuses on four aspects: the construction technology of super-deep circular air shaft foundation pit retaining structure in the sensitive environment near the river, underwater excavation and underwater massive concrete sealing bottom construction technology, adaptive improvement of TBM and construction technology of crossing air shaft, and control technology of super-deep foundation pit stability during the process of conversion. This book combines theory with practice, and can provide reference for shield engineering construction. It can also be used as a reference for engineering and technical personnel, researchers, teachers and students in related majors in colleges who are engaged in shield tunnel engineering.