This book focuses on the influences on the shield tunnels (mainly metro tunnels) in typical soft soils in Shanghai Area caused by loading or unloading on the ground. Theoretical analysis, model test, and numerical analysis were adopted for figuring out the influence results. Based on the analysis results and the engineering experiences from the constructions and operations of metro tunnels in Shanghai Area in the past twenty years, the deformation law of tunnel was summarized and several control measures for external constructions were put forward to help ensure the structural safety of the tunnels. Besides, several cases concerning the loading or unloading on metro tunnels were studied to help verify the results. From this book, the readers could learn a new approach for the structural analysis of the tunnels, and strengthen the risk awareness of the existed tunnels or similar structures.
