Medical Humanities – serie

Diabetes is regarded as one of the most challenging global health issues of the 21st century. Especially countries with weak health infrastructure are struggling to deal with the increased demands this chronic disease entails.Tracing the effects of a diagnostic device, the glucometer, this book examines how it contributes to the making of diabetes in contemporary Uganda. Arlena S. Liggins demonstrates that depending on who uses the glucometer, the outcomes may go far beyond diagnosis. The book draws a complex picture of hopes and misplaced expectations, of trust and mistrust in a technology to which access in the first place is all but a given.

Malaria remains one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. Matian van Soest looks at the malaria epidemic in the peri-urban zones of Uganda's capital Kampala against the backdrop of recent socio-ecological transformations.Based on long-term ethnographic research, the book provides a holistic picture of the malaria epidemic in central Uganda, revealing the highly localized character of an epidemic that once spanned across almost the entire globe. Understanding, and ultimately tackling the disease, requires an appreciation of the social, political, as well as ecological circumstances that frame this epidemic.

In the mid-1870s, the experimental therapy of lamb blood transfusion spread like an epidemic across Europe and the USA. Doctors tried it as a cure for tuberculosis, pellagra and anemia; proposed it as a means to reanimate seemingly dead soldiers on the battlefield. It was a contested therapy because it meant crossing boundaries and challenging taboos. Was the transfusion of lamb blood into desperately sick humans really defensible?The book takes the reader on a journey into hospital wards and lunatic asylums, physiological laboratories and 19th century wars. It presents a fascinating story of medical knowledge, ambitions and concerns – a story that provides lessons for current debates on the morality of medical experimentation and care.

While Alzheimer's might be associated with a difficulty to express oneself, Ana Paula Barbosa-Fohrmann addresses this topic by examining experiences with Alzheimer's based on narratives. In this original contribution, she studies the nexus of life stories, subjectivity, fragmentation, and fiction. The philosophical basis of this research is phenomenology from the end of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century, specifically that of Husserl and above all that of Merleau-Ponty. This work also draws on Proust's and Camus' literature as well as Beckett's dramaturgy.

Fictional representations of autism hold immense power over social perception, and yet such portrayals often remain stereotypical and one-sided. Based on discourse theory, Eva Charlotte Hesse explores the origins of autism stereotypes with regard to ideas of normality and deviance, their impact on the lives of autistic individuals, and the controversy surrounding autism definition. She offers criteria for the evaluation of autism portrayals while also pointing out prejudices and underlying power structures in the light of new medical findings, thus providing a critical perspective on current developments within the autism discourse.