Publications of the Surtees Society – serie

In 1646 Parliament negotiated a substantial loan from the city of London, secured by the sale of ecclesiastical temporalities. An ordinance was passed abolishing archbishops and bishops and transferring their lands and possessions for the use of the Commonwealth. These surveys represent the examinations conducted in this connection in the Darlington Ward of the bishopric, which at the time was beleaguered by the Scots. Covers the manors of Auckland, Darlington, Evenwood and Wolsingham. Significant in assessing the effects of the Civil War on grass-roots society in the North-East.

See Volume 183. Covers the manors of Chester-le-Street, Wickham, Gateshead, Houghton-le-Spring, Easington and Bishop Middleham and the collieries of Gateshead and Whickham in the Chester, Easington and Stockton Wards.

Originally known as B/Y, now classified as E20A. Contains ordinances of the city's craft guilds, descriptions of the city boundaries, amounts collected from parishes towards the Fifteenth and Tenth, deeds, leases of city propertyand many other items relating to civic administration and the trade and life of York from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries. Deeds are calendared and all other Latin entries are translated. Entries in English are transcribed literally. See also volumes 120, 125. Civic admin, life and trade of York.

Elizabethan survey of the state of religion after Marian reverses in the dioceses of York, Durham, Carlisle and Chester.Introduction covers Royal Visitations of 1535, 1547 and 1559, with details of visitation procedure for both clergy and laity. Queen Elizabeth required the Visitation of 1559 to check on the damage caused to Protestant reforms under Queen Mary. The Act Book, State Papers 12/10, covers the dioceses of York, Durham, Carlisle and Chester and was originally two volumes. The first is here transcribed in full, the second calendared. Mostly Latin, though the churchwardens' presentments, the text of the recognisances and verbatim reports are in English. Provides detailed information about every aspect of the church in English society at this critical period.

Personal/legal correspondence re Sunk Island; history and survey of the island, 1797.Letters, dating 1799-1804, of Rev. John Lonsdale concerning his efforts to secure a new lease of the Crown estate of Sunk Island in the River Humber in which he had acquired an interest by marriage, and letters to his wife Elizabeth while he resided in London at a critical stage in these negotiations. Also includes an account and history of Sunk Island and the survey of it made in 1797. Social history; legal history.

Entries for 1427-1435, from folios 294v-304v of the register of Bishop Langley's vicars-general. Substantial index of persons, places and subjects for all volumes of the register. See volumes 164, 166, 169, 170, 177.

Development of Whitehaven, family commercial speculations.Papers cover 1632-1637 and 1639-1644 and consist of letters, notebooks and miscellaneous documents. Significant for information on Lowther family, early history of Whitehaven and its coal industry, Irish economic history, Englishinternal and overseas trade in 1630s, early industrial developments and the role of the gentry in commerce and manufacturing, especially the part played by younger sons of gentry families. Christopher Lowther's commercial papers throw light on the development of Whitehaven - salt making, coal mining - and other family commercial speculations in Cumberland.Market: Economic history, 17c

'The documents _ provide illustrations of the practical difficulties of life in the north of England during the fourteenth century.' Each section has a short historical introduction and each petition, in French, is preceded by acalendar of its contents and followed by its approximate date and an editorial comment on its relation to other known material. Areas covered include trade, defence, compensation, war damage, franchises, legal petitions, financial petitions, clerical petitions etc.. See volume 176.

Botanical notebook of William Nicolson (1655-1727), Bishop of Carlisle and noted historian and antiquarian, with notes on the manuscripts, on Nicolson's life, and on field botanising in the late 17th century.Botanical notebook of William Nicolson (1655-1727), Bishop of Carlisle and noted historian and antiquarian. Introduction covers field botanising in the 17th century.

Tew as lone magistrate in violent Sunderland/South Shields area deals with problems such as vagrancy, employment, theft, assault etc - resolving issues largely in his own home rather than in court.Edmund Tew's notebook is a remarkable if cryptic record of the troublesome relationships of local people in a rapidly developing area of North-East England. In the coal-exporting towns of Sunderland and South Shields, notorious for the collective violence of their industrial conflicts, there were no formal structures of local government, and so, as the notebook indicates, it was the lone magistrate who provided the opportunity for judicial intervention into and resolution of the many individual and personal disputes which arose. As magistrate, Tew dealt with many problems, such as vagrancy, the poor law and employment disputes, as well as accusations of theft, assault and rape, resolving most problems in his home rather than taking them further to court.The notebook is presented here with an introduction, giving details of what is known of Tew's life, and putting the notebook into context, a glossary, andindex. Dr GWENDA MORGAN is Reader in History, and Dr PETER RUSHTON is Reader in Historical Sociology, at the University of Sunderland.

The diary of an able young doctor working in an extensive colliery practice in Newcastle in the 1820s; with detail on coal-mining, medical facilities, social life, societies, libraries and transport.Thomas Giordani Wright was a very successful nineteenth-century doctor who died, aged ninety, in 1898. He kept a remarkable diary during the last three years of his medical apprenticeship in the 1820s, which is published here forthe first time. Working as assistant in the 'extensive colliery practice' of Mr James McIntyre, Surgeon, Wright had responsibility for 'six collieries around Newcastle and the inferior practice of the house'. He had to make long rounds on horseback, and cope with dreadful accidents and diseases as well as with the demands of his 'reserved proud and selfish' master. But in spite of his arduous and busy life, Wright kept his diary up-to-date (and included autobiographical detail of his earlier life) and has left a vivid account of the life in a busy provincial town of a bright young man at the outset of his career.

Includes all those songs from the manuscript collection of John Bell (d. 1864) which throw light on the way of life of the majority of the population of North-East England and the Eastern Borders. Each piece derives ultimately from the life and work of those men and women who were obliged to work for a living, usually with their hands.Texts arranged under the following headings: Soldiers and Sailors, Civil and Political, Coalwork, Country Life, Festivities, Sport and Social Life, Drinking, Courtship, Love Unrequited, Love Satisfied, Children, In Praise of Wedlock, Trouble and Strife, Stories, Fragments.

A vivid picture of the labyrinthine workings of the Newcastle coal trade.Henry Liddell, Esq., c. 1673-1717. Younger son of the Liddells of Ravensworth. Became the supervisor of the family's extensive interests in the Durham coalfield and thereby one of the leading figures in the coal-trade.William Cotesworth of Gateshead, c. 1668-1725. Rising local entrepreneur.Shared business and political interests produced a mutual understanding and trust between these two men of different social backgrounds. The friendship lasted until Henry Liddell's death and had implications for some time afterwards.The letters provide 'a vivid picture of the labyrinthine workings of the Newcastle coal-trade at a difficult time in its history.' Market: Economic history, 19c.

All thirteen of the extant Controller's accounts from the period 1454-1500 are included. These supply a record of the customs and subsidies on exports and imports. Each account is provided with a short introduction discussing the physical appearance of the membranes and the accounts.

Also printed as Volume XI in the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society's Record Series.An introduction provides the historical background to the priory (which was founded c. 1169 by Robert I de Vaux),its patrons and the economy of Gilsland. Detailed information on the making, content, history and transcripts of the cartulary is also provided, as are sections on the marginal coats of arms and drawings and the Barony of Gilsland. The cartulary is in fifteen parts.

This volume contains 122 carefully-edited manuscripts and printed texts written about, for, on behalf of and by pit-village men and women, accompanied by notes, indices and a bibliography. In the introduction, the editor argues that the original pit-village texts present a challenge to conventional historical accounts. It also demonstrates how they were mediated by William Daniells, the 1840s `Miners' Advocate' editor, who acted as a cultural and politicalcensor of strikers' writing; and by the mid-twentieth-century Stalinist `folklorist', A.L. Lloyd, who published altered versions to fit his concept of `industrial folksong'.

Cartulary of prosperous community of Byland, with lands in the North Riding of Yorkshire, Westmorland, and the south of Yorkshire and early interest in iron mining.The Cistercian community that finally settled at New Byland in Yorkshire had a turbulent start, fighting and feuding with neighbours, but after 1177 a more settled period followed, and Byland grew to enjoy considerable prosperitythrough the lands it acquired in the North Riding of Yorkshire, Westmorland, and in the south of Yorkshire where, with Rievaulx Abbey, Byland was instrumental in the development of iron mining. In the early years of the fifteenthcentury the monks of Byland compiled a cartulary, containing copies of their muniments. The current volume contains a full English calendar of the cartulary, with detailed notes on the documents. The cartulary copies are discussedin relation to the considerable number of original charters surviving from Byland, and antiquarian collections that contain copies of Byland documents no longer extant. The Introduction provides a detailed study of Byland's estates and economic activity, as well as its patrons and benefactors. JANET BURTON is Reader in Medieval History, University of Wales Lampeter.

Letters from two farming brothers provide fascinating insights into rural life at the turn of the eighteenth century.The brothers Matthew and George Culley were successful farmers in Northumberland in the late eighteenth century. They contributed greatly to the improvement of agriculture in their area and beyond, notably through sheep breeding [the `Culley sheep' or Border Leicester], and also by practising and inculcating the use of modern techniques of husbandry and modern crop varieties. The letters presented here, written to the steward of the farms they ownedin County Durham, give a detailed day by day account of the Culleys' farming activities, advice and instructions on cultivation, the movement and selling of livestock, the state of the markets, local and family news, and commentson the state of the country. Written in a lively, readable style, they provide a vivid picture of and commentary upon the life of northern England at the time of important change in agriculture and society. Dr ANNE ORDE was until her retirement Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Durham.

First full edition of a crucial source for knowledge of the period.The eyre roll is a major source of information about medieval life, ranging from local courts and land tenure through town customs and the status of women to general neighbourliness. This is especially important for Northumberland, where constant border raiding was detrimental to the accumulation of local records. The survival of the Northumberland Eyre Roll for 1293, recording over eleven hundred law suits, provides a rare glimpse of the county (togetherwith information on Lancashire, Westmorland and Cumberland) on the eve of the outbreak of the Anglo-Scottish wars; as only brief extracts from the roll have been published previously, this full edition will be warmly welcomed. Thetext is accompanied by notes and a subject index providing a full guide to topics of special interest.CONSTANCE FRASER is a retired lecturer.

All the available court records for an important part of medieval Durham, presented with notes and apparatus.The borough of Crossgate formed a large section of the medieval city of Durham. It corresponded to the chapelry, later the parish, of St Margaret, and was subject to the lordship of Durham Priory, in whose archives these documents have survived, dating chiefly from the 1390s and to the years 1498-1531. The records offer a sharp focus on the local administration of justice, as well as containing graphic detail concerning other aspects of urban society in the late middle ages.They are printed here with a detailed rental of the borough from the year 1500, which allows individual properties to be located and mapped, while the apparatus is designed both to illuminate the record and to serve as an introduction to historians needing to consult other urban records.

New and definitive edition of the earliest history of Cumberland.John Denton's history of Cumberland, compiled in the first decade of the seventeenth century, formed the basis of almost all antiquarian writing on Cumberland for some two hundred years, and continues to be cited. It is the earliest known attempt to write a history of Cumberland and one of the first generation of antiquarian accounts of an English shire. This volume presents a completely new, critical edition of the manuscript history of Cumberland, replacing that published in 1887 by Richard S. Ferguson under the title An Accompt of the most considerable Estates and Families in the County of Cumberland [ hitherto the only published version]. The new edition attempts both toreconstruct as much as possible of the original text from surviving copies and to identify the sources from which it was drawn, enabling the factual accuracy of Denton's work to be assessed.Angus Winchester is SeniorLecturer in History at Lancaster University and a Past President of Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society.

Edition, with full explanatory apparatus, of wills and inventories from north-east England.Complete editorial team:Joan Briggs, Rita McGhee, John Smith, Jennifer Tindell, Ann Tumman, Xenia WebsterWhat was to become the town of Sunderland emerged in the earlier seventeenth century from two parishes north and south of the river Wear, Monkwearmouth and Bishopwearmouth, developing from a small fishing village into a significant east-coast port and industrial centre; a charter granted by the bishop of Durham in 1630 confirms its status.This volume comprises its surviving probate documents from the period 1601-50, containing material relating to some ninety-one individuals, twelve of them women. The inventories that accompany most of the wills (and insome cases survive where the wills do not) detail their household goods, thus constituting a rich source of information about ways of life and standards of living in the early seventeenth century.The wills and inventories are edited here in full in the original spelling, with a glossary, introduction, notes and an index.

Letters written by a clergyman during the late seventeenth century illuminate the religious turmoil of the period.This book provides an edition of the letters of George Davenport, an Anglican clergyman in the north of England whose adult career covered the period of the Interregnum and the Restoration. Many of the letters are to his former Cambridge tutor, William Sancroft, beginning from 1651 after Sancroft had been expelled from Cambridge, and continuing after the Restoration when Davenport replaced Sancroft as chaplain to John Cosin, bishop of Durham, later becoming Rector of Houghton-le Spring, Durham. They were written to keep Sancroft supplied with information about Durham, where he was a prebendary with license to be non-resident, needing to collect revenues from his living and then torebuild his prebendal house. The earlier letters reveal something about the life of an illegally (since episcopally) ordained young Anglican who, unlike many, did not go into exile but stayed largely in London supported by friends. Davenport eventually became a most conscientious resident parish priest and the letters throw considerable light on the Restoration settlement in the Durham diocese, from the `beautifying' of Houghton church to the catechisingof the people and the collection of tithes from a sometimes tardy flock. Davenport also helped Cosin to Catalogue his famous library and himself gave many manuscripts to it, of which a list is included here as an appendix.The letters are presented here with full introduction and elucidatory notes.

An edition, with introduction and notes, of the unique census for religious worship, in north-east England.In 1851, for the only time in British history, a count of those attending any place of religious worship was held alongside the usual decenial census of population. This volume is an edition of the census for the counties of Northumberland and Durham, together with some outlying parts of the diocese of Durham now in modern-day Cumbria and North Yorkshire. An introduction sets the census in context, as well as highlighting some surprises, such as the number of Mormon churches in the North-East by this time, or the returns signed off by women, or even the Church of England clergyman too drunk to complete the return. A detailed description of each place of worship follows, showing for instance the numbers who attended the various churches, the age of the church, its endowment if any, together with comments from those who completed the form. The census returns are supplemented with additional information by the editor, and also by a list of those places of worship overlooked by the census.

Letters between a colliery manager and his employer provide valuable evidence for the growth and development of the coal trade in north-east England.John Buddle (1773-1843), the most eminent coal viewer and mining engineer and manager of his day, worked for a number of different coal owners in North-East England. In particular, for over twenty years he acted as colliery manager for Charles Stewart, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry. In this capacity Buddle wrote to his employer more than 2,000 letters, of which this book provides a selection. They give not only a detailed, and at times almost a day-to-day account of the coal trade of the Tyne and Wear at a time when the industry was expanding rapidly, but also a discussion of Lord Londonderry's always difficult financial affairs, of his local political activities, and the general condition of the region in a period of change. Buddle emerges from these letters as a self-confident professional man with far-reaching ideas tempered by prudence, ready to speak his mind and by no means always agreeing with his aristocratic employer, though ultimately always bowing to his decisions; Londonderry is revealed as ambitious, willful, and incapable of living within his means. The letters reveal the sometimes troubled relationship between the twovery different men, one that came close to breaking-point in 1841, though the breach was repaired before Buddle's death in 1843; more widely, they paint a vivid picture of north-east England in the early nineteenth century, of its politics, its economy, and its social situation at a time of lively development.Anne Orde is a retired Senior Lecturer in History, University of Durham.

Edited accounts from the estates of Durham Priory provide a rich vein of information for the economic history of the time.This volume provides a closely edited text of all the manorial accounts surviving from Durham Priory estates before 1310. These include twelve accounts for individual manors (the two earliest being from 1277-8), together with enrolled manorial accounts for the years 1296-7, 1299-1306 and 1309-10. The accounts supply detailed evidence of farming activities on the twelve or so manors that were farmed directly by the priory: their number fluctuated during thecourse of the period. A couple of livestock inventories supply additional material relating to the priory's sheep flocks. The editor's introduction supplies a new study of the scale and operations of the priory estate as documented both by the edited accounts and by related material in the priory archive, particularly bursars' accounts and the granators' accounts. It includes a description of the priory's estate management and accounting and an economic analysis of the the monks' arable and pastoral activities.The introduction also calls attention to material in the accounts relating to disturbances that affected the priory in these years as a result of royal campaigns in Scotland and the monk's conflict with Bishop Anthony Bek. The volume is completed with a glossary of the Latin and Middle English words used in the accounts.Richard Britnell, who specialised in the social and economic history of the Middle Ages, was until his retirement professor of History at Durham University.

The notebooks of bishops of Carlisle reveal a wealth of detail concerning clerical life at the time.The volume presents three nineteenth-century manuscripts originally created for the use of bishops of Carlisle: Walter Fletcher's "Diocesan Book", written between 1814 and 1845, and Bishop Hugh Percy's two parish notebooks, compiled between 1828 and 1855. Based on visitations, and on articles of enquiry now lost, they add to a growing body of knowledge relating to the condition of the Church in the first half of the nineteenth century, providing a unique record of livings in the Carlisle diocese prior to its expansion in 1856. In particular, they illuminate the concerns of two significant clerical figures. In 1814 the newly installed chancellor, Walter Fletcher, set about recordinghis primary visitation, updating his notes frequently until the year before his death in 1846. In 1828 the newly consecrated bishop, Hugh Percy, created his own diocesan record, utilising Fletcher's material while adding matter of his own.The popularity of Anglican ritualism since the advent of Tractarianism has made it commonplace for the Georgian Church to be viewed with a certain amount of disdain. The notebooks allow us a more objective view ofthe period. Fletcher's notes on the 130 churches he visited are particularly valuable in presenting a diligent, hard-working clergyman, loyal to the Tory high-church traditions into which he had been born, with a vision for the diocese which, above all, was one of orderliness and obedience to canon law.The documents are presented here with introduction and notes. Dr Jane Platt is an honorary researcher in history at Lancaster University.

Edition of wills and inventories throws new light on early modern economic history.This collection of 153 wills and inventories provides a vivid insight into the socio-economic life of the small Yorkshire market town of Northallerton during a time of growing prosperity, when its position on the main road to thenorth also enabled it to prosper from wider trading links. Trades and professions represented in the collection include yeomen, merchants, tallow chandlers, weavers, a maltman, innkeepers and a wide range of leather workers; the documents collected here provide a wealth of information regarding their houses and their contents, lifestyles and standards of living in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The volume also contains an extensive glossary of obsolete and dialect terms; a substantial introduction, discussing the history of the town during this period; and comprehensive notes. Christine M Newman is an Honorary Fellow in the Department of History, Durham University; Dorothy Edwards worked in teacher training at Northampton University, and is a local historian.

The murkier side of eighteenth-century politics is vividly revealed in the letters edited here.In the mid-eighteenth century, the borough of Morpeth, in Northumberland, was one of many where established vested interests, whether corporate or aristocratic, faced challenges from below. The documents collected here illustrate the struggle between the "sons of liberty" fighting to restore the freemen's "independence", and the earl of Carlisle, striving to maintain his control of the representation. Over two hundred letters reveal secret deals, rioting pitmen, electoral gerrymandering, and legal chicanery, providing fascinating insights to further our understanding of late eighteenth-century politics. A full introduction puts the letters into their local and national context, and they are accompanied by elucidatory notes.