Tree Physiology – serie

This text provides a synthesis by scientists in the study of the major physiological and environmental factors regulating cold hardiness of conifer tree species. This reference explains contemporary understanding of conifer cold hardiness ranging from the gene to the globe and from the highly applied to the very basic. Topics addressed encompass cold hardiness from the perspectives of ecology, ecophysiology, acclimation and deacclimation, seedling production and reforestation, the impacts of biotic and abiotic factors, and methods for studying and analyzing cold hardiness. The content is relevant to geneticists, ecologists, stress physiologists, environmental and global change scientists, pathologists, advanced nursery and silvicultural practitioners, and graduate students involved in plant biology, plant physiology, horticulture and forestry with an interest in cold hardiness.

This publication presents an overview of contemporary interests in tree physiology research within the European tree physiology EUROSILVA network, which has been in operation since 1986. The last phase, entitled COST Action E6: EUROSILVA Forest Tree Physiology Research, was accomplished during the period from 1996 to 2000. The scientific discussions in the three working groups (I: Tree growth and development, II: Tree nutrition and water relations, III: Biotic and abiotic interactions in trees) have touched on a diverse collection of topics. The articles in this book have been written by well-known European and American scientists and focus on basic tree physiology and trees and their environments. The book should provide to the reader information of the EUROSILVA network's activities and recent findings. Some important future aspects are also discussed.

This volume summarizes the most up-to-date knowledge on the exchange of trace gases between forests and the atmosphere with the restriction that exclusively carbon and nitrogen compounds are included. For this purpose the volume brings together and interconnects knowledge from different disciplines of biological and atmospheric sciences. It covers microbial and plant processes involved in the production and consumption of these trace gases; the exchange processes between forest soils and vegetation on the one hand, and the atmosphere on the other hand; the fate of the trace gases exchanged inside the atmosphere as well as environmental influences on the exchange of trace gases between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. With this interdisciplinary approach the volume provides the background for an evaluation of the exchange of trace gases between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere and man-made disturbances of this exchange.

This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth.

This Open Access volume highlights how tree ring stable isotopes have been used to address a range of environmental issues from paleoclimatology to forest management, and anthropogenic impacts on forest growth.

This book synthesizes knowledge on the physiology and ecology of pines (Pinus spp.), a genus that dominates forests across the Northern Hemisphere and underpins global plantation forestry. It spans topics from anatomy and ecophysiology to ecosystem dynamics, covering evolutionary history, fire and insect adaptations, carbon and water relations, photosynthesis, stand hydrology, and responses to climate change. By integrating these perspectives, the volume highlights mechanisms driving pine performance and mortality and outlines adaptive strategies to sustain productivity, resilience, and ecosystem services under current and future environmental challenges.The book also identifies key research priorities, including tropical pine physiology, invasions of planted pines and pests, and the sensitivity of pine forests to intensifying global-change stressors.Part of the Tree Physiology series, this work is intended for researchers, graduate students, and practitioners in forestry, plant physiology, and ecology.

This book presents the latest information on tropical tree physiology, making it a valuable research tool for a wide variety of researchers. > 3000 or 4000 members at annual meeting), physiologists (e.g. > 2,000 members at annual meeting), and tropical biologists (e.g. (American Geophysical Union(AGU), > 20000 members at annual meeting).

With more than 500 species distributed all around the Northern Hemisphere, the genus Quercus L. is a dominant element of a wide variety of habitats including temperate, tropical, subtropical and mediterranean forests and woodlands. As the fossil record reflects, oaks were usual from the Oligocene onwards, showing the high ability of the genus to colonize new and different habitats. Such diversity and ecological amplitude makes genus Quercus an excellent framework for comparative ecophysiological studies, allowing the analysis of many mechanisms that are found in different oaks at different level (leaf or stem). The combination of several morphological and physiological attributes defines the existence of different functional types within the genus, which are characteristic of specific phytoclimates.From a landscape perspective, oak forests and woodlands are threatened by many factors that can compromise their future: a limited regeneration, massive decline processes, mostly triggered by adverse climatic events or the competence with other broad-leaved trees and conifer species. The knowledge of all these facts can allow for a better management of the oak forests in the future.

This book presents the latest information on tropical tree physiology, making it a valuable research tool for a wide variety of researchers. > 3000 or 4000 members at annual meeting), physiologists (e.g. > 2,000 members at annual meeting), and tropical biologists (e.g. (American Geophysical Union(AGU), > 20000 members at annual meeting).

With more than 500 species distributed all around the Northern Hemisphere, the genus Quercus L. is a dominant element of a wide variety of habitats including temperate, tropical, subtropical and mediterranean forests and woodlands. As the fossil record reflects, oaks were usual from the Oligocene onwards, showing the high ability of the genus to colonize new and different habitats. Such diversity and ecological amplitude makes genus Quercus an excellent framework for comparative ecophysiological studies, allowing the analysis of many mechanisms that are found in different oaks at different level (leaf or stem). The combination of several morphological and physiological attributes defines the existence of different functional types within the genus, which are characteristic of specific phytoclimates.From a landscape perspective, oak forests and woodlands are threatened by many factors that can compromise their future: a limited regeneration, massive decline processes, mostly triggered by adverse climatic events or the competence with other broad-leaved trees and conifer species. The knowledge of all these facts can allow for a better management of the oak forests in the future.

Conifer Cold Hardiness provides an up-to-date synthesis by leading scientists in the study of the major physiological and environmental factors regulating cold hardiness of conifer tree species. This state-of-the-art reference comprehensively explains current understanding of conifer cold hardiness ranging from the gene to the globe and from the highly applied to the very basic. Topics addressed encompass cold hardiness from the perspectives of ecology, ecophysiology, acclimation and deacclimation, seedling production and reforestation, the impacts of biotic and abiotic factors, and methods for studying and analyzing cold hardiness. The content is relevant to geneticists, ecologists, stress physiologists, environmental and global change scientists, pathologists, advanced nursery and silvicultural practitioners, and graduate students involved in plant biology, plant physiology, horticulture and forestry with an interest in cold hardiness.

This publication presents an overview of the current interests in tree physiology research within the European tree physiology EUROSILVA network, which has been going on since 1986. The last phase, entitled COST Action E 6: EUROSILVA Forest Tree Physiology Research, was accomplished during the period from 1996 to 2000. The scientific discussions in the three working groups (I: Tree growth and development, II: Tree nutrition and water relations, III: Biotic and abiotic interactions in trees) have touched on a diverse collection of topics. The articles in this book have been written by well-known European and American scientists and focus on basic tree physiology and trees and their environments. The book will provide to the reader information of the EUROSILVA network's activities and recent findings. Some important future aspects are also discussed.

This volume summarizes the current knowledge on the exchange of trace gases between forests and the atmosphere with the restriction that exclusively carbon and nitrogen compounds are included. For this purpose the volume brings together and interconnects knowledge from different disciplines of biological and atmospheric sciences. It covers microbial and plant processes involved in the production and consumption of these trace gases; the exchange processes between forest soils and vegetation on the one hand, and the atmosphere on the other hand; the fate of the trace gases exchanged inside the atmosphere as well as environmental influences on the exchange of trace gases between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. With this interdisciplinary approach the volume provides the background for an evaluation of the exchange of trace gases between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere and man-made disturbances of this exchange.

Millions of trees live and grow all around us, and we all recognize the vital role they play in the world’s ecosystems. Publicity campaigns exhort us to plant yet more. Yet until recently comparatively little was known about the root causes of the physical changes that attend their growth. Since trees typically increase in size by three to four orders of magnitude in their journey to maturity, this gap in our knowledge has been a crucial issue to address. Here at last is a synthesis of the current state of our knowledge about both the causes and consequences of ontogenetic changes in key features of tree structure and function.During their ontogeny, trees undergo numerous changes in their physiological function, the structure and mechanical properties of their wood, and overall architecture and allometry. This book examines the central interplay between these changes and tree size and age. It also explores the impact these changes can have, at the level of the individual tree, on the emerging characteristics of forest ecosystems at various stages of their development. The analysis offers an explanation for the importance of discriminating between the varied physical properties arising from the nexus of size and age, as well as highlighting the implications these ontogenetic changes have for commercial forestry and climate change. This important and timely summation of our knowledge base in this area, written by highly respected researchers, will be of huge interest, not only to researchers, but also to forest managers and silviculturists.

During their ontogeny, trees undergo numerous changes in their physiological function, architecture and allometry. This volume examines the central interplay between these changes, and the impact they can have on forest ecosystems.

Plant-driven volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions play a major role in atmospheric chemistry, including ozone and photochemical smog formation in the troposphere, and they extend the atmospheric lifetime of the key greenhouse gas, methane. Furthermore, condensation of photo-oxidation products of BVOCs leads to formation of secondary organic aerosols with profound implications for the earth's solar radiation budget and climate. Trees represent the plant life form that most contributes to BVOC emissions, which gives global forests a unique role in regulating atmospheric chemistry.Written by leading experts in the field, the focus is on recent advancements in understanding the controls on plant-driven BVOC emissions, including efforts to quantitatively predict emissions using computer models, particularly on elicitation of emissions under biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular mechanisms of volatile synthesis and emission and the role of emissions in plant stress tolerance.