Ethical Choices

Richard Burnor is Professor of Philosophy at Felician College. Dr. Burnor has published articles in the philosophy of science, metaphysics, and teaching philosophy. Yvonne Raley was Associate Professor of Philosophy at Felician College.

This text is an excellent choice for an introductory course in the discipline. The writing style in Ethical Choices is of great benefit to students. The text does an excellent job balancing the requirements for an introductory course: content, readability, usable case studies. - Jacob Kidd, Blinn College

• Preface Analyzing a Case Part I Introduction: Theory and Practice Chapter One: Morals and Values I. EXTRAORDINARY AND ORDINARY MORALS II. VALUES III. THE MORAL VS. NON-MORAL IV. INTRINSIC AND INSTRUMENTAL VALUES V. VALUES AND FOUNDATIONS Values Exercise Case 1 Breastfeeding in Public Case 2 Buy Now, Pay Forever Case 3 The Real Price of Coffee Chapter Two: Moral Relativism I. INTRODUCTION II. THREE VIEWS OF ETHICS III. EVALUATING SUBJECTIVISM IV. SUPPORTING RELATIVISM V. AGAINST RELATIVISM VI. A MATTER OF TOLERANCE **VII. BEYOND CULTURAL RELATIVISM Case 1 Greased Gems Case 2 Arranged Marriage Case 3 Female Genital Mutilation Case 4 Vaccine Exemptions by Law Chapter Three: Autonomy, Moral Agency, and Self-identity I. INTRODUCTION II. PERSONAL AUTONOMY III. IMPLICATIONS OF AUTONOMY IV. MORAL AGENTS V. FILLING IN AUTONOMY VI. **DEVELOPING SELF-IDENTITY Case 1 The Drunk Driver Case 2 Elizabeth Bouvia Case 3 Should the Drinking Age Be Eighteen? Case 4 The Living Will Case 5 Determining Racial Identity Chapter Four: Making Moral Judgments I. INTRODUCTION II. CONFLICTS III. CHARACTERIZING MORAL CLAIMS IV. FORMAL MORAL REASONING V. MORAL REFLECTION Case 1 Mr. Research Case 2 Child Marriage Case 3 Who's Responsible for Obesity? Chapter Five: Psychology and Morality I. INTRODUCTION II. SITUATIONISM AND MORAL CHARACTER III. OF TWO MINDS IV. THE ETHICS OF CHOICE AND BELIEF V. ALTRUISM Case 1 Human Trafficking Case 2 A Kindly Companion Case 3 A Covid party Case 4 Evaluating Expertise PART II Introduction Chapter Six: Egoism I. Introduction II. Ethical and Psychological Egoism III. Assessing Ethical Egoism IV. **Why Does Egoism Go Wrong? Case 1 Declaring Wages Case 2 A Scratched Bumper Case 3 Job Competition Case 4 MAD Chapter Seven: Consequentialist Ethics: Act Utilitarianism I. INTRODUCTION II. UTILITY AND CONSEQUENTIALISM III. **UTILITY AND MILL'S ACCOUNT IV. ACT UTILITARIANISM V. ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS VI. **BEYOND CLASSICAL UTILITARIANISM Case 1 Charity vs. Xbox Case 2 Sponsoring a Child Case 3 Should Your Next Car Be all-electric? Case 4 Factory Farming and Animal Suffering Case 5 Torture Lite Chapter Eight: Consequentialist Ethics: Rule Utilitarianism I. INTRODUCTION II. RULE UTILITARIANISM III. RULE VS. ACT UTILITARIANISM IV. PROBLEMS WITH RULE UTILITARIANISM V. **JUSTICE AND RIGHTS REVISITED Case 1 Transgender Students and College Athletics Case 2 Curbing Grade Inflation Case 3 Universal Healthcare Chapter Nine: Deontological Ethics I. INTRODUCTION **II. ROSS'S ETHICS III. KANT'S GOOD WILL IV. KANT'S PRINCIPLE OF ENDS V. KANT'S PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL LAW VI. ATTRACTIONS AND PROBLEMS VII. **AUTONOMY AND KANT'S KINGDOM OF ENDS Case 1 Internet Bride-Straight from Asia Case 2 A Demanding Honor Code Case 3 The Ayala Case Case 4 A Personal Decision Case 5 Suicide Chapter Ten: Natural Law Theory I. INTRODUCTION II. NATURAL LAW THEORY III. FORFEITURE IV. DOUBLE EFFECT V. PROBLEMS FOR NATURAL LAW THEORY Case 1 Relieving Pain in a Dying Patient Case 2 Birth Control Case 3 Just War Theory and the Killing of Noncombatants Case 4 Permanent Vegetative State: The Case of Terri Schiavo Chapter Eleven: Social Contracts and Rights I. INTRODUCTION II. LOCKE III. HOBBES IV. RAWLS V. SOME INITIAL ASSESSMENTS VI. MORE ON RIGHTS VII. **STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE Case 1 Socrates's Imprisonment Case 2 Lord of the Flies Case 3 Locke and Load: Lockean Rights and Gun Control Chapter Twelve: Virtue Ethics I. INTRODUCTION II. THE HEART OF VIRTUE ETHICS III. ARISTOTLE'S VIRTUE ETHICS IV. **CRITIQUING PRINCIPLE-BASED ETHICS V. CLASSIFYING THE VIRTUES VI. PROBLEMS WITH VIRTUE ETHICS Case 1 The Unlikely Rescue Case 2 Video Games Case 3 Compulsive Gambling and the Internet Case 4 Moral Luck Case 5 Democracy in Switzerland Chapter Thirteen: Feminism and Care Ethics I. INTRODUCTION II. **FEMINIST ETHICS III. THE CARE PERSPECTIVE IV. ELEMENTS OF CARE ETHICS V. PROBLEMS VI. **CARE AND VIRTUE VII.** NEW DEVELOPMENTS Case 1 The Heinz dilemma Case 2 The International Gemstone Trade Case 3 Parent Responsibility Toward Their In Utero Child Case 4 Absolute Poverty Chapter Fourteen: Ethics and Religion I. INTRODUCTION II. DIVINE COMMAND THEORY III. AN ALTERNATE DEPENDENCY ACCOUNT IV. OBJECTIONS AND ELABORATIONS V. COMPLETENESS Case 1 By Divine Command? Case 2 Religious Symbols and Public Schools Case 3 A Question of Authority PART III Introduction Chapter Fifteen: Medical Ethics: Futility I. INTRODUCTION II. CONFLICTS Case 1 Infant Medical Futility Case 2 National Triage Case 3 Challenge Studies Chapter Sixteen: Organizational Ethics: Whistleblowing I. INTRODUCTION II. CLASSIC ANALYSIS III. COMPLICITY & SUCCESS IV. A MODIFIED ANALYSIS Case 1 Mr. Tran and Wells Fargo Case 2 Surfer, Sailor, Whistleblower Case 3 The Challenger Case 4 The Snowden Leak Chapter Seventeen: Environmental Ethics: Pollution and Resource Use I. OPTIMIZATION AND CONFLICTS II. CLIMATE CHANGE III. A PRACTICAL AND MORAL RESPONSE Case 1 National Parks Case 2 The Diesel Dupe Case 3 Anthropocentric vs. Ecocentric Views Chapter Eighteen: Obligations to Future Generations I. INTRODUCTION II. CAN THERE BE OBLIGATIONS TOWARDS NON-EXISTENT PEOPLE? III. CAN THERE BE OBLIGATIONS TOWARDS INDETERMINATE PEOPLE? IV. IS THERE AN OBLIGATION TO ENSURE ANY FUTURE HUMANITY? V. GUIDING PRINCIPLES Case 1 The Inheritance Case 2 Hey, isn't That Your Grandkid's Dinner? Case 3 Juggling Life, Health and the Economy Case 4 Designer Babies: Science Fiction No More Postscript Glossary Index