Robert Durling is Professor Emeritus of Italian and English Literature at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Ronald L. Martinez is Associate Professor of Italian at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.

Official Translation of by the Bilingual Edition of the Società Dantesta Italiana, the premiere association supporting and preserving Dantes corpus.

• CONTENTS Abbreviations, xv Introduction, 2 PARADISO CANTO 1 Notes to Canto 1 CANTO 2 Notes to Canto 2 CANTO 3Notes to Canto 3 CANTO 4Notes to Canto 4 CANTO 5Notes to Canto 5 CANTO 6Notes to Canto 6 CANTO 7Notes to Canto 7 CANTO 8Notes to Canto 8 CANTO 9Notes to Canto 9 CANTO 10Notes to Canto 10 CANTO 11Notes to Canto 11 CANTO 12Notes to Canto 12 CANTO 13Notes to Canto 13 CANTO 14Notes to Canto 14 CANTO 15Notes to Canto 15 CANTO 16Notes to Canto 16 CANTO 17Notes to Canto 17 CANTO 18Notes to Canto 18 CANTO 19Notes to Canto 19 CANTO 20Notes to Canto 20 CANTO 21Notes to Canto 21 CANTO 22Notes to Canto 22 CANTO 23Notes to Canto 23 CANTO 24Notes to Canto 24 CANTO 25Notes to Canto 25 CANTO 26Notes to Canto 26 CANTO 27Notes to Canto 27 CANTO 28Notes to Canto 28 CANTO 29Notes to Canto 29 CANTO 30Notes to Canto 30 CANTO 31Notes to Canto 31 CANTO 32Notes to Canto 32 CANTO 33Notes to Canto 33 THE NICENE CREED BOETHIUS' O QUI PERPETUA MUNDUM RATIONE GUBERNAS Notes to "O qui perpetua' ADDITIONAL NOTES 1. The Figure of Beatrice (After Canto 2)2. The Paradiso and the Monarchia3.The Primacy of the Intellect, the Sun, and the Circling Theologians (After Canto 14)4. Dante and the Liturgy (After Canto 15)5. The Religious Orders in the Paradiso 6. The Threshold Cantos in the Comedy 7. The Fate of Phaethon in the Comedy 8. Circle-Cross-Eagle-Scales: Images in the Paradiso9. The Final Image 10. The Neoplatonic Background11. Dante and Neoplatonism12. Dante's Astrology13. The Heavens and the Sciences: Convivio 214. The Paradiso as Alpha and Omega Textual VariantsBibliographyIndex of Italian, Latin, and Other Foreign Words Discussed in the NotesIndex of Passages Cited in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the Text and Translation

Robert Durling is Professor Emeritus of Italian and English Literature at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Ronald L. Martinez is Associate Professor of Italian at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.

Official Translation of by the Bilingual Edition of the Società Dantesta Italiana, the premiere association supporting and preserving Dantes corpus.

• CONTENTS Abbreviations, xv Introduction, 2 PARADISO CANTO 1 Notes to Canto 1 CANTO 2 Notes to Canto 2 CANTO 3Notes to Canto 3 CANTO 4Notes to Canto 4 CANTO 5Notes to Canto 5 CANTO 6Notes to Canto 6 CANTO 7Notes to Canto 7 CANTO 8Notes to Canto 8 CANTO 9Notes to Canto 9 CANTO 10Notes to Canto 10 CANTO 11Notes to Canto 11 CANTO 12Notes to Canto 12 CANTO 13Notes to Canto 13 CANTO 14Notes to Canto 14 CANTO 15Notes to Canto 15 CANTO 16Notes to Canto 16 CANTO 17Notes to Canto 17 CANTO 18Notes to Canto 18 CANTO 19Notes to Canto 19 CANTO 20Notes to Canto 20 CANTO 21Notes to Canto 21 CANTO 22Notes to Canto 22 CANTO 23Notes to Canto 23 CANTO 24Notes to Canto 24 CANTO 25Notes to Canto 25 CANTO 26Notes to Canto 26 CANTO 27Notes to Canto 27 CANTO 28Notes to Canto 28 CANTO 29Notes to Canto 29 CANTO 30Notes to Canto 30 CANTO 31Notes to Canto 31 CANTO 32Notes to Canto 32 CANTO 33Notes to Canto 33 THE NICENE CREED BOETHIUS' O QUI PERPETUA MUNDUM RATIONE GUBERNAS Notes to "O qui perpetua' ADDITIONAL NOTES 1. The Figure of Beatrice (After Canto 2)2. The Paradiso and the Monarchia3.The Primacy of the Intellect, the Sun, and the Circling Theologians (After Canto 14)4. Dante and the Liturgy (After Canto 15)5. The Religious Orders in the Paradiso 6. The Threshold Cantos in the Comedy 7. The Fate of Phaethon in the Comedy 8. Circle-Cross-Eagle-Scales: Images in the Paradiso9. The Final Image 10. The Neoplatonic Background11. Dante and Neoplatonism12. Dante's Astrology13. The Heavens and the Sciences: Convivio 214. The Paradiso as Alpha and Omega Textual VariantsBibliographyIndex of Italian, Latin, and Other Foreign Words Discussed in the NotesIndex of Passages Cited in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the Text and Translation

Robert Durling is Professor Emeritus of Italian and English Literature at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Ronald L. Martinez is Associate Professor of Italian at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities.

Official Translation of by the Bilingual Edition of the Società Dantesta Italiana, the premiere association supporting and preserving Dantes corpus.

• CONTENTS Abbreviations, xv Introduction, 2 PARADISO CANTO 1 Notes to Canto 1 CANTO 2 Notes to Canto 2 CANTO 3Notes to Canto 3 CANTO 4Notes to Canto 4 CANTO 5Notes to Canto 5 CANTO 6Notes to Canto 6 CANTO 7Notes to Canto 7 CANTO 8Notes to Canto 8 CANTO 9Notes to Canto 9 CANTO 10Notes to Canto 10 CANTO 11Notes to Canto 11 CANTO 12Notes to Canto 12 CANTO 13Notes to Canto 13 CANTO 14Notes to Canto 14 CANTO 15Notes to Canto 15 CANTO 16Notes to Canto 16 CANTO 17Notes to Canto 17 CANTO 18Notes to Canto 18 CANTO 19Notes to Canto 19 CANTO 20Notes to Canto 20 CANTO 21Notes to Canto 21 CANTO 22Notes to Canto 22 CANTO 23Notes to Canto 23 CANTO 24Notes to Canto 24 CANTO 25Notes to Canto 25 CANTO 26Notes to Canto 26 CANTO 27Notes to Canto 27 CANTO 28Notes to Canto 28 CANTO 29Notes to Canto 29 CANTO 30Notes to Canto 30 CANTO 31Notes to Canto 31 CANTO 32Notes to Canto 32 CANTO 33Notes to Canto 33 THE NICENE CREED BOETHIUS' O QUI PERPETUA MUNDUM RATIONE GUBERNAS Notes to "O qui perpetua' ADDITIONAL NOTES 1. The Figure of Beatrice (After Canto 2)2. The Paradiso and the Monarchia3.The Primacy of the Intellect, the Sun, and the Circling Theologians (After Canto 14)4. Dante and the Liturgy (After Canto 15)5. The Religious Orders in the Paradiso 6. The Threshold Cantos in the Comedy 7. The Fate of Phaethon in the Comedy 8. Circle-Cross-Eagle-Scales: Images in the Paradiso9. The Final Image 10. The Neoplatonic Background11. Dante and Neoplatonism12. Dante's Astrology13. The Heavens and the Sciences: Convivio 214. The Paradiso as Alpha and Omega Textual VariantsBibliographyIndex of Italian, Latin, and Other Foreign Words Discussed in the NotesIndex of Passages Cited in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the NotesIndex of Proper Names in the Text and Translation