The Science of Social Vision: The Science of Social Vision

Dr. Reginald B. Adams, Jr., Assistant Professor at The Pennsylvania State University, received his Ph.D. in experimental social psychology from Dartmouth College. Before coming to Penn State, he was awarded a National Research Service Award (NRSA) from the National Institute of Mental Health to train as a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard and Tufts Universities. His current research focuses on how multiply perceived nonverbal messages (e.g., emotion, gender, race, and age) combine and interact to form the unified social representations that guide our impressions of and responses to others. Dr. Nalini Ambady, Professor and Neubauer Faculty Fellow at Tufts University, received her Ph.D. in social psychology from Harvard University and taught at Holy Cross College and Harvard University, where she was the John and Ruth Hazel Associate Professor of the Social Science, before moving to Tufts. She has received several awards for her research including the Presidential Early Career Award forScientists and Engineers and the AAAS Behavioral Science Research Prize. Her research interests focus on the accuracy of social, emotional, and perceptual judgments, how personal and social identities affect cognition and performance, nonverbal and cross-cultural communication.Dr. Ken Nakayama, Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, received his Ph.D. in physiological psychology from UCLA. After a postdoctoral fellowship at UC Berkeley and two years teaching in the Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, he spent much of his career at the Smith Kettlewell Eye Institute in San Francisco before moving to Harvard in 1990. He has been interested in almost all aspects of vision, from the processing of image features to social perception.Dr. Shinsuke Shimojo, Professor in Biology, and Computation and Neural Systems at California Institute of Technology, received his Ph.D. in experimental psychology from MIT. After a postdoctoral fellowship at theSmith-Kettlewell Eye Institute in Sa Francisco, he moved to the University of Tokyo as an associate professor (in 1989), and then took his current position at Caltech. His work has covered a wide range of topics, such as vision, visual development, sensory-motor coordination, crossmodal integration, emotion and implicit aspects of decision making.

"Social psychology has always been a vibrant area addressing questions of everyday importance: prejudice, friendship, love, and hate. The vitality of the field has now recruited vision scientists and their methods for novel and insightful interactions between vision science and social psychology. Across these chapters we see numerous examples of unexpected interactions: rapid influences of very low-level visual properties (for example, facial coloring, Chapters10 and16) on our social judgments and direct modification of perception by social variables (for example, biological motion, Chapters 14 and 15). These are exciting new directions in both socialpsychology and vision sciences, and this book offers the first road map of this new overlapping area, much of it focused on face perception. I recommend it highly for upper division undergraduate courses, graduate seminars, and as a reference resource for specialists." --Patrick Cavanagh, Université Paris Descartes"An exciting and important book. It does what only the best anthologies can do: disparate streams of ongoing investigation are placed in a new context that allows a whole host of new research problems to come into focus. I recommend this book to cognitive scientists of all stripes (whether neuroscientists, vision researchers, social psychologists, or philosophers). I wouldn't be surprised if we later look back on the publication of The Science of Social Visionas a landmark in the history of cognitive science." --Alva Noë, University of California, Berkeley"Readers of this book will be witnessing the arrival of a new interdisciplinary field of scientific inquiry: the science of social vision. In his brilliant introductory chapter, Ken Nakayama defines that field, traces its historical roots, and places in into an evolutionary context. It is hard to imagine a biological or behavioral scientist who would not profit from a careful reading of this book." --Robert Rosenthal, University of California, Riverside

• IntroductionAdams, Ambady, Nakayama, and Shimojo Chapter 1 An Ecological Theory of Face PerceptionZebrowitz, Bronstad, and Montepare Chapter 2 The Cognitive Capitalist: The Social Benefits of Perceptual EconomyMartin and Macrae Chapter 3 Faces, bodies, social vision as agent vision and social consciousnessde Gelder and Tamietto Chapter 4 Perceiving Through Culture: The Socialized Attention HypothesisPark and Kitayama Chapter 5 Compound Social Cues in Human Face ProcessingAdams, Franklin, Nelson, and Stevenson Chapter 6 Gaze Perception and Visually Mediated AttentionLangton Chapter 7 Aging Eyes Facing an Emotional World: The Role of Motivated GazeIsaacowitz and Murphy Chapter 8 Gaze and preference - orienting behavior as a somatic precursor of preference decisionShimojo, Simion, and Changizi Chapter 9 Facial AttractivenessLittle and Perrett Chapter 10 Why Cosmetics Work Russell Chapter 11 Context-specific Responses to Self-Resembling FacesDeBruine and Jones Chapter 12 In the eyes of the beholder: How empathy influences emotion perceptionChakrabarti and Baron-Cohen Chapter 13 Thin-Slice VisionWeisbuch and Ambady Chapter 14 Seeing human movement as inherently socialShiffrar, Kaiser, and Chouchourelou Chapter 15 Social Constraints on the Visual Perception of Biological MotionJohnson, Pollick, and McKay Chapter 16 Social Color VisionChangizi and Shimojo Chapter 17 Mental Control and Visual Illusions: Errors of Action and Construal in Race-based Weapon MisidentificationStokes and Payne Chapter 18 Afrocentric Facial Features and StereotypingBlair and Judd Chapter 19 The Role of Racial Markers in Race Perception and Racial CategorizationO.H. MacLin & M.K. MacLin Chapter 20 Aftereffects reveal that adaptive face-coding mechanisms are selective for race and sexRhodes and Jaquet Chapter 21 Are people special? A brain's eye viewAtkinson, Heberlein, and Adolphs Chapter 22 Side Bias: Cerebral Hemispheric Asymmetry In Social Cognition And Emotion PerceptionSavage, Borod, and Ramig Chapter 23 Biological Motion and Multisensory Integration: The Role of the Superior Temporal SulcusBeauchamp Chapter 24 Specialized Brain for the Social Vision: Perspectives from Typical and Atypical DevelopmentFarroni and Senju