Declan Smithies is Professor of Philosophy at the Ohio State University. He works primarily on issues at the intersection between epistemology and the philosophy of mind. He is co-editor of Introspection and Consciousness (OUP 2012) and Attention: Philosophical and Psychological Essays (OUP 2011).

Declan Smithies' book is an extraordinarily strong contribution to debates in philosophy of mind and epistemology. It is ambitious and expansive in scope while being extremely rigorously argued. It will be required reading for epistemologists, as well as for philosophers of mind interested in the value of consciousness for our lives as thinkers and knowers.

• 0.0 Introduction 0.1. What is Consciousness? 0.2. The Significance of Consciousness 0.3. The Hard Problem of Consciousness 0.4. Putting Consciousness First 0.5. An Overview of this Book 0.6. Chapter Summaries PART I 1. Representation 1.1. Representationalism 1.2. Unconscious Mental Representation 1.3. Grounding Representation in Consciousness 1.4. Grounding Thought in Consciousness 1.5. Grounding Epistemic Justification in Consciousness 2. Perception 2.1. Blindsight 2.2. Concepts of Consciousness 2.3. Presentational Force 2.4. Skeptical Scenarios 2.5. Duplication Scenarios 2.6. Conclusions 3. Cognition 3.1. The Epistemic Role of Belief 3.2. Beliefs and Subdoxastic States 3.3. Inferential Integration 3.4. Conscious Accessibility 3.5. The Cognitive Experience of Judgment 3.6. Conclusions 4. Introspection 4.1. The Simple Theory of Introspection 4.2. The Reliability Challenge4.3. Rationality and Self-Knowledge 4.4. The Scope Question 4.5. The Role of Conscious Judgment 4.6. Conclusions 5. Mentalism 5.1. Evidentialism 5.2. Mentalism 5.3. Phenomenal Mentalism 5.4. The Phenomenal Conception of Evidence 5.5. The Explanatory Challenge PART II 6. Accessibilism 6.1. What is Accessibilism? 6.2. Explaining Accessibilism 6.3. Clairvoyance and Super-Blindsight 6.4. The New Evil Demon Problem 6.5. Answering the Explanatory Challenge 7. Reflection 7.1. Justification and Reflection 7.2. An Argument from Reflection 7.3. The Over-Intellectualization Problem 7.4. The Regress Problem 7.5. The Empirical Problem 7.6. The Value Problem 7.7. Conclusions 8. Epistemic Akrasia 8.1. What is Epistemic Akrasia? 8.2. An Argument from Epistemic Akrasia 8.3. Moore's Paradox 8.4. Knowledge as the Aim of Belief 8.5. Justification and Reflection 9. Higher-Order Evidence 9.1. A Puzzle About Epistemic Akrasia 9.2. Solving the Puzzle 9.3. The Certainty Argument 9.4. Ideally Rational Agents 9.5. Rational Dilemmas 9.6. Epistemic Idealization 10. Luminosity 10.1. Luminosity Defined 10.2. The Problem of the Speckled Hen 10.3. The Anti-Luminosity Argument 10.4. Epistemic Iteration Principles 10.5. The Puzzle of the Unmarked Clock 10.6. What's at Stake? 11. Conclusion 11.1. Phenomenal Conservatism 11.2. Seemings 11.3. Problems about Evidence 11.4. Problems about Evidential Support 11.5. Phenomenal Accessibilism 11.6. Conclusions

Declan Smithies is Professor of Philosophy at the Ohio State University. He works primarily on issues at the intersection between epistemology and the philosophy of mind. He is co-editor of Introspection and Consciousness (OUP 2012) and Attention: Philosophical and Psychological Essays (OUP 2011).

Declan Smithies' book is an extraordinarily strong contribution to debates in philosophy of mind and epistemology. It is ambitious and expansive in scope while being extremely rigorously argued. It will be required reading for epistemologists, as well as for philosophers of mind interested in the value of consciousness for our lives as thinkers and knowers.

• 0.0 Introduction 0.1. What is Consciousness? 0.2. The Significance of Consciousness 0.3. The Hard Problem of Consciousness 0.4. Putting Consciousness First 0.5. An Overview of this Book 0.6. Chapter Summaries PART I 1. Representation 1.1. Representationalism 1.2. Unconscious Mental Representation 1.3. Grounding Representation in Consciousness 1.4. Grounding Thought in Consciousness 1.5. Grounding Epistemic Justification in Consciousness 2. Perception 2.1. Blindsight 2.2. Concepts of Consciousness 2.3. Presentational Force 2.4. Skeptical Scenarios 2.5. Duplication Scenarios 2.6. Conclusions 3. Cognition 3.1. The Epistemic Role of Belief 3.2. Beliefs and Subdoxastic States 3.3. Inferential Integration 3.4. Conscious Accessibility 3.5. The Cognitive Experience of Judgment 3.6. Conclusions 4. Introspection 4.1. The Simple Theory of Introspection 4.2. The Reliability Challenge4.3. Rationality and Self-Knowledge 4.4. The Scope Question 4.5. The Role of Conscious Judgment 4.6. Conclusions 5. Mentalism 5.1. Evidentialism 5.2. Mentalism 5.3. Phenomenal Mentalism 5.4. The Phenomenal Conception of Evidence 5.5. The Explanatory Challenge PART II 6. Accessibilism 6.1. What is Accessibilism? 6.2. Explaining Accessibilism 6.3. Clairvoyance and Super-Blindsight 6.4. The New Evil Demon Problem 6.5. Answering the Explanatory Challenge 7. Reflection 7.1. Justification and Reflection 7.2. An Argument from Reflection 7.3. The Over-Intellectualization Problem 7.4. The Regress Problem 7.5. The Empirical Problem 7.6. The Value Problem 7.7. Conclusions 8. Epistemic Akrasia 8.1. What is Epistemic Akrasia? 8.2. An Argument from Epistemic Akrasia 8.3. Moore's Paradox 8.4. Knowledge as the Aim of Belief 8.5. Justification and Reflection 9. Higher-Order Evidence 9.1. A Puzzle About Epistemic Akrasia 9.2. Solving the Puzzle 9.3. The Certainty Argument 9.4. Ideally Rational Agents 9.5. Rational Dilemmas 9.6. Epistemic Idealization 10. Luminosity 10.1. Luminosity Defined 10.2. The Problem of the Speckled Hen 10.3. The Anti-Luminosity Argument 10.4. Epistemic Iteration Principles 10.5. The Puzzle of the Unmarked Clock 10.6. What's at Stake? 11. Conclusion 11.1. Phenomenal Conservatism 11.2. Seemings 11.3. Problems about Evidence 11.4. Problems about Evidential Support 11.5. Phenomenal Accessibilism 11.6. Conclusions

Declan Smithies is Professor of Philosophy at the Ohio State University. He works primarily on issues at the intersection between epistemology and the philosophy of mind. He is co-editor of Introspection and Consciousness (OUP 2012) and Attention: Philosophical and Psychological Essays (OUP 2011).

Declan Smithies' book is an extraordinarily strong contribution to debates in philosophy of mind and epistemology. It is ambitious and expansive in scope while being extremely rigorously argued. It will be required reading for epistemologists, as well as for philosophers of mind interested in the value of consciousness for our lives as thinkers and knowers.

• 0.0 Introduction 0.1. What is Consciousness? 0.2. The Significance of Consciousness 0.3. The Hard Problem of Consciousness 0.4. Putting Consciousness First 0.5. An Overview of this Book 0.6. Chapter Summaries PART I 1. Representation 1.1. Representationalism 1.2. Unconscious Mental Representation 1.3. Grounding Representation in Consciousness 1.4. Grounding Thought in Consciousness 1.5. Grounding Epistemic Justification in Consciousness 2. Perception 2.1. Blindsight 2.2. Concepts of Consciousness 2.3. Presentational Force 2.4. Skeptical Scenarios 2.5. Duplication Scenarios 2.6. Conclusions 3. Cognition 3.1. The Epistemic Role of Belief 3.2. Beliefs and Subdoxastic States 3.3. Inferential Integration 3.4. Conscious Accessibility 3.5. The Cognitive Experience of Judgment 3.6. Conclusions 4. Introspection 4.1. The Simple Theory of Introspection 4.2. The Reliability Challenge4.3. Rationality and Self-Knowledge 4.4. The Scope Question 4.5. The Role of Conscious Judgment 4.6. Conclusions 5. Mentalism 5.1. Evidentialism 5.2. Mentalism 5.3. Phenomenal Mentalism 5.4. The Phenomenal Conception of Evidence 5.5. The Explanatory Challenge PART II 6. Accessibilism 6.1. What is Accessibilism? 6.2. Explaining Accessibilism 6.3. Clairvoyance and Super-Blindsight 6.4. The New Evil Demon Problem 6.5. Answering the Explanatory Challenge 7. Reflection 7.1. Justification and Reflection 7.2. An Argument from Reflection 7.3. The Over-Intellectualization Problem 7.4. The Regress Problem 7.5. The Empirical Problem 7.6. The Value Problem 7.7. Conclusions 8. Epistemic Akrasia 8.1. What is Epistemic Akrasia? 8.2. An Argument from Epistemic Akrasia 8.3. Moore's Paradox 8.4. Knowledge as the Aim of Belief 8.5. Justification and Reflection 9. Higher-Order Evidence 9.1. A Puzzle About Epistemic Akrasia 9.2. Solving the Puzzle 9.3. The Certainty Argument 9.4. Ideally Rational Agents 9.5. Rational Dilemmas 9.6. Epistemic Idealization 10. Luminosity 10.1. Luminosity Defined 10.2. The Problem of the Speckled Hen 10.3. The Anti-Luminosity Argument 10.4. Epistemic Iteration Principles 10.5. The Puzzle of the Unmarked Clock 10.6. What's at Stake? 11. Conclusion 11.1. Phenomenal Conservatism 11.2. Seemings 11.3. Problems about Evidence 11.4. Problems about Evidential Support 11.5. Phenomenal Accessibilism 11.6. Conclusions