Haijing Dai is an associate professor of social work at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. She received her PhD degree in social work and sociology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Her research explores how gender and inter-generational dynamics in household division of labor, family care arrangement, and family life interact with socio-economic and welfare-system changes in Chinese societies, and how new patterns of stratification and inequality are constructed in these processes. Her articles have appeared in Social Service Review, British Journal of Social Work, Journal of Social Policy, Social Forces, and Research in Social Stratification and Mobility.

• Introduction1. Paradoxes, Employers, and Social Policies2. Work and Family Care in Chinese Societies3. Research on Three Labor Regimes in Chinese Societies4. Virtuous Family Caregivers Yet Unwanted Mothers: The Intertwined Caregiver Bonus and Penalty in Hong Kong5. <"Work is Work> ": The Caregiver Penalty in Shenzhen's Private Sector6. Family Care as a Need: Workplace Communities and Their Boundaries in Shenzhen's Public Sector7. Conclusion: Family Care and Labor Protection in the New EraAppendix 1Appendix 2References

Haijing Dai is an associate professor of social work at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. She received her PhD degree in social work and sociology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Her research explores how gender and inter-generational dynamics in household division of labor, family care arrangement, and family life interact with socio-economic and welfare-system changes in Chinese societies, and how new patterns of stratification and inequality are constructed in these processes. Her articles have appeared in Social Service Review, British Journal of Social Work, Journal of Social Policy, Social Forces, and Research in Social Stratification and Mobility.

• Introduction1. Paradoxes, Employers, and Social Policies2. Work and Family Care in Chinese Societies3. Research on Three Labor Regimes in Chinese Societies4. Virtuous Family Caregivers Yet Unwanted Mothers: The Intertwined Caregiver Bonus and Penalty in Hong Kong5. <"Work is Work> ": The Caregiver Penalty in Shenzhen's Private Sector6. Family Care as a Need: Workplace Communities and Their Boundaries in Shenzhen's Public Sector7. Conclusion: Family Care and Labor Protection in the New EraAppendix 1Appendix 2References

Haijing Dai is an associate professor of social work at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. She received her PhD degree in social work and sociology at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Her research explores how gender and inter-generational dynamics in household division of labor, family care arrangement, and family life interact with socio-economic and welfare-system changes in Chinese societies, and how new patterns of stratification and inequality are constructed in these processes. Her articles have appeared in Social Service Review, British Journal of Social Work, Journal of Social Policy, Social Forces, and Research in Social Stratification and Mobility.

• Introduction1. Paradoxes, Employers, and Social Policies2. Work and Family Care in Chinese Societies3. Research on Three Labor Regimes in Chinese Societies4. Virtuous Family Caregivers Yet Unwanted Mothers: The Intertwined Caregiver Bonus and Penalty in Hong Kong5. <"Work is Work> ": The Caregiver Penalty in Shenzhen's Private Sector6. Family Care as a Need: Workplace Communities and Their Boundaries in Shenzhen's Public Sector7. Conclusion: Family Care and Labor Protection in the New EraAppendix 1Appendix 2References