Monica Mi Hee Hwang is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at St. Thomas More College at the University of Saskatchewan. She earned her BA (Hons) in sociology and French from Western University and received the university's Gold Medal at convocation. While in graduate school, she published two book chapters and four articles. She was named UBC's outstanding PHD graduate of 2014-2015.Edward Grabb is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at Western University. His areas of interest include Canadian and American society, social inequality and stratification, political sociology, race and ethnic relations, methodology and statistics. Jeffrey G. Reitz is Robert F. Harney Professor Emeritus of Ethnic, Immigration, and Pluralism Studies in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Toronto. He is also a faculty affiliate at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. His researchexamines the social, economic and political experiences of immigrant and ethnic populations.

What sets [this text] apart is that it discusses material inequality in contemporary Canada, and it also provides quite a lot of empirical evidence to back up its claims." -Isha Sharma, Mount Royal University

• Contributors Preface Introduction: Social Inequality Now: Theoretical and Conceptual Issues, Edward Grabb and Monica Mi Hee Hwang Part I Power and Class 1: Investigating Ownership Concentration, Transnational Connections, and State Involvement in the Canadian Economy, Monica Mi Hee Hwang and Edward Grabb 2: Corporate Power in 21st Century Canada, William K. Carroll 3: Breaking Down the Wealth Equation: Housing, Assets, and Debt, Michelle Lee Maroto and Meryn Severson Mason Part II Socio-economic Bases of Social Inequality A. Income, Wealth, and Poverty 4: Poverty and Income Inequality: Measures and Trends, Deana Simonetto and Peter Urmetzer 5: The Distribution of Wealth and Economic Inequality: Canada and the World, James B. Davies B. Occupation 6: Inequalities in Work and Employment, Tracey L. Adams and Wolfgang Lehmann 7: Social Class, Post-secondary Education, and Occupational Outcomes, Harvey Krahn C. Education 8: Location Matters: Education and Employment Inequalities in Northern and Rural Canada, David Zarifa, Cathlene Hillier, and Darcy Hango 9: Exploring Definitions of Indigenous Student Success, Emily Milne and Terry Wotherspoon 10: Immigration Pathways and Next Generation Outcomes: Caribbean and Filipino Children of Caregivers, Philip Kelly and Cindy Maharaj Part III Social Justice and Inequality A. Ethnicity, Race, Language, and Ancestry 11: The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and First Nations Issues: A Content Analysis of Major Canadian Media, 2014-2015, Daniel Drache, Coral Voss, and Fred Fletcher 12: Racial Inequality, Social Cohesion, and Policy Issues in Canada, Jeffrey G. Reitz and Rupa Banerjee B. Gender and Sexual Orientation 13: Neoliberalism, Gender, and the Gig Economy in Canada, Edward Haddon 14: Changing Gender Time Distributions in Domestic Duties: 1986-2015, Neil Guppy, Larissa Sakumoto, and Rima Wilkes 15: Gender Inequality and Family Patterns, Roderic Beaujot, Jianye Liu, and Zenaida Ravanera 16: LGBTQ2S+ Employment and Earnings in Canada, Nicole Denier, Shannon V.T.L. Mok, and Sean Waite C. Disability 17: Disability and Social Inequality over the Life Course, Kim Shuey and Andrea Willson D. Region 18: Regional Inequality in Canada: An Enduring Issue?, Max Chewinski and Catherine Corrigall-Brown Part IV Some Consequences of Social Inequality 19: Social Inequality and Health, Gerry Veenstra 20: COVID-19 and Prisons: A Perfect Storm of Illness, Isolation, and Inequality, Sandra Dong Hee Hwang and Monica Mi Hee Hwang 21: Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program: Unequal by Design?, Monica Mi Hee Hwang Glossary Index

Monica Mi Hee Hwang is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at St. Thomas More College at the University of Saskatchewan. She earned her BA (Hons) in sociology and French from Western University and received the university's Gold Medal at convocation. While in graduate school, she published two book chapters and four articles. She was named UBC's outstanding PHD graduate of 2014-2015.Edward Grabb is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at Western University. His areas of interest include Canadian and American society, social inequality and stratification, political sociology, race and ethnic relations, methodology and statistics. Jeffrey G. Reitz is Robert F. Harney Professor Emeritus of Ethnic, Immigration, and Pluralism Studies in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Toronto. He is also a faculty affiliate at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. His researchexamines the social, economic and political experiences of immigrant and ethnic populations.

What sets [this text] apart is that it discusses material inequality in contemporary Canada, and it also provides quite a lot of empirical evidence to back up its claims." -Isha Sharma, Mount Royal University

• Contributors Preface Introduction: Social Inequality Now: Theoretical and Conceptual Issues, Edward Grabb and Monica Mi Hee Hwang Part I Power and Class 1: Investigating Ownership Concentration, Transnational Connections, and State Involvement in the Canadian Economy, Monica Mi Hee Hwang and Edward Grabb 2: Corporate Power in 21st Century Canada, William K. Carroll 3: Breaking Down the Wealth Equation: Housing, Assets, and Debt, Michelle Lee Maroto and Meryn Severson Mason Part II Socio-economic Bases of Social Inequality A. Income, Wealth, and Poverty 4: Poverty and Income Inequality: Measures and Trends, Deana Simonetto and Peter Urmetzer 5: The Distribution of Wealth and Economic Inequality: Canada and the World, James B. Davies B. Occupation 6: Inequalities in Work and Employment, Tracey L. Adams and Wolfgang Lehmann 7: Social Class, Post-secondary Education, and Occupational Outcomes, Harvey Krahn C. Education 8: Location Matters: Education and Employment Inequalities in Northern and Rural Canada, David Zarifa, Cathlene Hillier, and Darcy Hango 9: Exploring Definitions of Indigenous Student Success, Emily Milne and Terry Wotherspoon 10: Immigration Pathways and Next Generation Outcomes: Caribbean and Filipino Children of Caregivers, Philip Kelly and Cindy Maharaj Part III Social Justice and Inequality A. Ethnicity, Race, Language, and Ancestry 11: The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and First Nations Issues: A Content Analysis of Major Canadian Media, 2014-2015, Daniel Drache, Coral Voss, and Fred Fletcher 12: Racial Inequality, Social Cohesion, and Policy Issues in Canada, Jeffrey G. Reitz and Rupa Banerjee B. Gender and Sexual Orientation 13: Neoliberalism, Gender, and the Gig Economy in Canada, Edward Haddon 14: Changing Gender Time Distributions in Domestic Duties: 1986-2015, Neil Guppy, Larissa Sakumoto, and Rima Wilkes 15: Gender Inequality and Family Patterns, Roderic Beaujot, Jianye Liu, and Zenaida Ravanera 16: LGBTQ2S+ Employment and Earnings in Canada, Nicole Denier, Shannon V.T.L. Mok, and Sean Waite C. Disability 17: Disability and Social Inequality over the Life Course, Kim Shuey and Andrea Willson D. Region 18: Regional Inequality in Canada: An Enduring Issue?, Max Chewinski and Catherine Corrigall-Brown Part IV Some Consequences of Social Inequality 19: Social Inequality and Health, Gerry Veenstra 20: COVID-19 and Prisons: A Perfect Storm of Illness, Isolation, and Inequality, Sandra Dong Hee Hwang and Monica Mi Hee Hwang 21: Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program: Unequal by Design?, Monica Mi Hee Hwang Glossary Index

Monica Mi Hee Hwang is Associate Professor in the Department of Sociology at St. Thomas More College at the University of Saskatchewan. She earned her BA (Hons) in sociology and French from Western University and received the university's Gold Medal at convocation. While in graduate school, she published two book chapters and four articles. She was named UBC's outstanding PHD graduate of 2014-2015.Edward Grabb is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at Western University. His areas of interest include Canadian and American society, social inequality and stratification, political sociology, race and ethnic relations, methodology and statistics. Jeffrey G. Reitz is Robert F. Harney Professor Emeritus of Ethnic, Immigration, and Pluralism Studies in the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, and Professor Emeritus in the Department of Sociology at the University of Toronto. He is also a faculty affiliate at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy. His researchexamines the social, economic and political experiences of immigrant and ethnic populations.

What sets [this text] apart is that it discusses material inequality in contemporary Canada, and it also provides quite a lot of empirical evidence to back up its claims." -Isha Sharma, Mount Royal University

• Contributors Preface Introduction: Social Inequality Now: Theoretical and Conceptual Issues, Edward Grabb and Monica Mi Hee Hwang Part I Power and Class 1: Investigating Ownership Concentration, Transnational Connections, and State Involvement in the Canadian Economy, Monica Mi Hee Hwang and Edward Grabb 2: Corporate Power in 21st Century Canada, William K. Carroll 3: Breaking Down the Wealth Equation: Housing, Assets, and Debt, Michelle Lee Maroto and Meryn Severson Mason Part II Socio-economic Bases of Social Inequality A. Income, Wealth, and Poverty 4: Poverty and Income Inequality: Measures and Trends, Deana Simonetto and Peter Urmetzer 5: The Distribution of Wealth and Economic Inequality: Canada and the World, James B. Davies B. Occupation 6: Inequalities in Work and Employment, Tracey L. Adams and Wolfgang Lehmann 7: Social Class, Post-secondary Education, and Occupational Outcomes, Harvey Krahn C. Education 8: Location Matters: Education and Employment Inequalities in Northern and Rural Canada, David Zarifa, Cathlene Hillier, and Darcy Hango 9: Exploring Definitions of Indigenous Student Success, Emily Milne and Terry Wotherspoon 10: Immigration Pathways and Next Generation Outcomes: Caribbean and Filipino Children of Caregivers, Philip Kelly and Cindy Maharaj Part III Social Justice and Inequality A. Ethnicity, Race, Language, and Ancestry 11: The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and First Nations Issues: A Content Analysis of Major Canadian Media, 2014-2015, Daniel Drache, Coral Voss, and Fred Fletcher 12: Racial Inequality, Social Cohesion, and Policy Issues in Canada, Jeffrey G. Reitz and Rupa Banerjee B. Gender and Sexual Orientation 13: Neoliberalism, Gender, and the Gig Economy in Canada, Edward Haddon 14: Changing Gender Time Distributions in Domestic Duties: 1986-2015, Neil Guppy, Larissa Sakumoto, and Rima Wilkes 15: Gender Inequality and Family Patterns, Roderic Beaujot, Jianye Liu, and Zenaida Ravanera 16: LGBTQ2S+ Employment and Earnings in Canada, Nicole Denier, Shannon V.T.L. Mok, and Sean Waite C. Disability 17: Disability and Social Inequality over the Life Course, Kim Shuey and Andrea Willson D. Region 18: Regional Inequality in Canada: An Enduring Issue?, Max Chewinski and Catherine Corrigall-Brown Part IV Some Consequences of Social Inequality 19: Social Inequality and Health, Gerry Veenstra 20: COVID-19 and Prisons: A Perfect Storm of Illness, Isolation, and Inequality, Sandra Dong Hee Hwang and Monica Mi Hee Hwang 21: Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program: Unequal by Design?, Monica Mi Hee Hwang Glossary Index