GWENDOLYN STEVENS is a Professor of Psychology and Director of Academic Resources at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, New London, Connecticut.SHELDON GARDNER is a clinical psychologist in the Mystic, Connecticut area. Together, they have written four books on psychology: The Care and Cultivation of Parents, Women of Psychology (2 vols.), and Red Vienna and the Golden Age of Psychology (Praeger, 1992).

• Preface Acknowledgments Babes and Pashas Homonomy and Autonomy The Biological Roots of Gender Differences Sociocultural Influences and Stereotypes Socialization and Parenting Self-Identity, Attachment, and Separation Anxiety The Umbilicus Complex: The Dread of Abandonment as a Life-Long Dynamic Marriage and Divorce The Violent Pasha Making Boys into Men: Preventing and Treating the Umbilicus Complex References

GWENDOLYN STEVENS is a Professor of Psychology and Director of Academic Resources at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, New London, Connecticut.SHELDON GARDNER is a clinical psychologist in the Mystic, Connecticut area. Together, they have written four books on psychology: The Care and Cultivation of Parents, Women of Psychology (2 vols.), and Red Vienna and the Golden Age of Psychology (Praeger, 1992).

• Preface Acknowledgments Babes and Pashas Homonomy and Autonomy The Biological Roots of Gender Differences Sociocultural Influences and Stereotypes Socialization and Parenting Self-Identity, Attachment, and Separation Anxiety The Umbilicus Complex: The Dread of Abandonment as a Life-Long Dynamic Marriage and Divorce The Violent Pasha Making Boys into Men: Preventing and Treating the Umbilicus Complex References

GWENDOLYN STEVENS is a Professor of Psychology and Director of Academic Resources at the U.S. Coast Guard Academy, New London, Connecticut.SHELDON GARDNER is a clinical psychologist in the Mystic, Connecticut area. Together, they have written four books on psychology: The Care and Cultivation of Parents, Women of Psychology (2 vols.), and Red Vienna and the Golden Age of Psychology (Praeger, 1992).

• Preface Acknowledgments Babes and Pashas Homonomy and Autonomy The Biological Roots of Gender Differences Sociocultural Influences and Stereotypes Socialization and Parenting Self-Identity, Attachment, and Separation Anxiety The Umbilicus Complex: The Dread of Abandonment as a Life-Long Dynamic Marriage and Divorce The Violent Pasha Making Boys into Men: Preventing and Treating the Umbilicus Complex References