Bernabe Cobo (1582–1657) was a Spanish Jesuit who lived for many years in colonial Spanish America. The translator, Roland Hamilton, is professor of Spanish at San Jose State University.

While Cobo’s Historia is not a pristine account, it is hard to imagine what our knowledge of Andean societies would be without it. Four hundred years after Cobo landed in Lima, Roland Hamilton should be congratulated on his translations of the Historia del Nuevo Mundo, which remains a monument to the breadth of vision and intellectual energy of its author. (American Antiquity)

• Foreword by John Howland Rowe Introduction A Scientific Outlook of the Seventeenth Century A Note on the Translation Book I 1. Concerning the sparse population of America and its causes 2. Of the names which were given to the natives of the Indies and of their color 3. Of the physical make-up, body proportions, and facial features of the Indians 4. Of the natural make-up of the Indians 5. Of the extreme ignorance and barbarity of the Indians 6. Of the usages that the Indians have regarding their individual houses, clothing, and sustenance 7. Of the most general customs common to all of the Indians 8. In which the same topic is continued 9. Of the many languages used by the various nations of Indians, and how these all seem to have a common origin 10. In which all the Indian nations are divided into three categories 11. On the origin of these peoples of America 12. In which the same is continued 13. How the animals and birds that we find here must have come to this land 14. In which the same topic is continued 15. In which is given the opinion of those who place within these Occidental Indies the region called Ophir in the Divine Scriptures, to which the ships of Solomon navigated 16. In which the proposed opinion is refuted 17. Of another argument with which the same thing is proven as in the last chapter 18. The same thing is proven with other evidence 19. The same subject is continued 20. In which the arguments of the opposing opinion are answered and the location of Ophir is established Book II 1. Of the former inhabitants of Peru before the Incas reigned 2. Of the efforts that have been made several times to ascertain the true history of the Incas and the rites and customs of their republic 3. Of the legendary origin of the Incas, former kings of Peru 4. Of Manco Capac, the first king of the Incas 5. Of the second Inca, named Cinchi Roca 6. Of Lloque Yupanqui, the third Inca 7. Of Mayta Capac, fourth king of the Incas 8. Of the Inca Capac Yupanqui, fifth king of Peru 9. Of the sixth king of Peru, named Inca Roca 10. Of Yahuar Huacac Inca Yupanqui, the seventh king 11. Of Viracocha Inca, eighth king 12. Of Pachacutic Inca Yupanqui, ninth king 13. Of the rest of Pachacutic's victories 14. Of Tupa Inca Yupanqui, the tenth king 15. Of the rest of the events in the life of Tupa Inca Yupanqui 16. Of Guayna Capac, the last king of the Incas 17. In which the deeds of Guayna Capac are continued 18. Of the Inca brothers Huascar and Atauhualpa 19. Of the rest of the things that happened in this war 20. Of the rest of the Incas, sons of Guayna Capac who had the king's fringe 21. Of the sons of Manco Inca who maintained the title of king in Vilcabamba 22. Of the name and locality occupied by the Kingdom of the Incas, and how these kings came to rule so many people and provinces 23. How the Incas administered newly conquered lands by putting in these lands outsiders whom they called mitimaes, and the types there were of them 24. How the Incas organized the people that they subjugated into towns, and the way they arranged the towns 25. Of the governors, caciques, and other superiors to whom the Incas delegated the governance of their states 26. Of the laws and punishments with which the Incas governed their kingdom 27. Of the distinction between nobles and taxpayers that there was in this kingdom, and of the way that the latter had of paying tribute, and the way the king paid salaries to his ministers and rewarded his vassals for the services that they rendered to him 28. Of the division that the Inca made of the farmlands, and of the estate and rents that the Inca and Religion received from them 29. Of the order in which the domesticated livestock was distributed, and the income that the Inca and Religion received in livestock and in clothing from its wool; and how the hunting grounds and woods were royal patrimony 30. Of the storehouses belonging to the Inca and to Religion, the goods that were collected in them, and how these goods were used 31. Of the roads that the Incas made throughout their kingdom and the labor service that was provided by the provinces to repair them 32. Of the tambos and chasques and the tribute that the Indians gave in providing the labor service for them 33. Of the rest of the tribute that the Indians paid their king in personal services 34. Of the tribute of boys and girls that the Inca collected from his vassals and for what purposes they were used 35. Of the control and great power that the Incas had gained over their vassals, and the fear and reverence with which the vassals obeyed and served the Incas 36. Of the order they followed in installing the Inca, the royal insignias, and the Inca's great majesty and splendor 37. Of their computation of time, of the quipos or recording devices, and the method of counting that the Peruvian Indians had Notes Glossary Bibliography Index