BRYAN VILA is Associate Professor of Political Science and Administration of Justice at the University of Wyoming. Prior to becoming an academic, Dr. Vila spent 17 years in local, national, and international law enforcement. He is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).CYNTHIA MORRIS is a freelance researcher, writer and editor living in Laramie, WY./e Morris spent 10 years working as a research writer at the University of California, and is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).

• Preface Introduction Night Watchmen, Constables, and Sheriffs: The Role of Early "Police" in Seventeenth-and Eighteenth- Century America Rangers, Marshals, and Municipal Police Forces: The Role of the Police in the Nineteenth Century Police Reform, and Social and Technological Advances in the Early Twentieth Century A Growing Emphasis on Police Training, Professionalism, Efficiency, and Ethics, 1939-1959 Social Change and Conflicting Expectations of the Police Role, 1960-1978 Reexamining and Redefining the Role of the Police, 1979-1989 The Role of the Police in the 1990s Glossary Appendices Selected Bibliography Index

BRYAN VILA is Associate Professor of Political Science and Administration of Justice at the University of Wyoming. Prior to becoming an academic, Dr. Vila spent 17 years in local, national, and international law enforcement. He is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).CYNTHIA MORRIS is a freelance researcher, writer and editor living in Laramie, WY./e Morris spent 10 years working as a research writer at the University of California, and is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).

• Preface Introduction Night Watchmen, Constables, and Sheriffs: The Role of Early "Police" in Seventeenth-and Eighteenth- Century America Rangers, Marshals, and Municipal Police Forces: The Role of the Police in the Nineteenth Century Police Reform, and Social and Technological Advances in the Early Twentieth Century A Growing Emphasis on Police Training, Professionalism, Efficiency, and Ethics, 1939-1959 Social Change and Conflicting Expectations of the Police Role, 1960-1978 Reexamining and Redefining the Role of the Police, 1979-1989 The Role of the Police in the 1990s Glossary Appendices Selected Bibliography Index

BRYAN VILA is Associate Professor of Political Science and Administration of Justice at the University of Wyoming. Prior to becoming an academic, Dr. Vila spent 17 years in local, national, and international law enforcement. He is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).CYNTHIA MORRIS is a freelance researcher, writer and editor living in Laramie, WY./e Morris spent 10 years working as a research writer at the University of California, and is co-editor of Capital Punishment in the United States: A Documentary History (Greenwood, 1997).

• Preface Introduction Night Watchmen, Constables, and Sheriffs: The Role of Early "Police" in Seventeenth-and Eighteenth- Century America Rangers, Marshals, and Municipal Police Forces: The Role of the Police in the Nineteenth Century Police Reform, and Social and Technological Advances in the Early Twentieth Century A Growing Emphasis on Police Training, Professionalism, Efficiency, and Ethics, 1939-1959 Social Change and Conflicting Expectations of the Police Role, 1960-1978 Reexamining and Redefining the Role of the Police, 1979-1989 The Role of the Police in the 1990s Glossary Appendices Selected Bibliography Index