Mohammad Amin Mirzaei received a B.Sc. in electrical engineering from Ilam University, Iran in 2015, and an M.Sc. in electrical engineering from Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran in 2018. Currently, he is a research assistant at the University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. The main areas of his interests are energy market-clearing, risk-based energy management, emerging energy storage technologies, demand response, and integrated energy systems. He has authored and co-authored more than 25 technical publications (more than 12 of them were published in international journals) in his domain of interest, 4 book chapters. He is currently working on multi-carrier energy systems. He also submitted more than 15 papers to international journals that related to the role of emerging energy resources in multi-energy systems. Mahdi Habibi received the B.Sc. degree from the Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran, in 2014, and the M.Sc. degree from Shahid Beheshti University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, in 2016 all in electrical engineering. He is currently studying Ph.D. in power system electrical engineering at the Shahid Beheshti University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He is a member of the SOHA Smart Energy Systems Laboratory at SBU. His research interests include the power system operation, system management under uncertainty, integration of renewable energy resources, provision of flexibility services, scheduling storage devices, and optimization models at transmission and distribution levels. Vahid Vahidinasab received the PhD in electrical engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. Since 2010, he has been a faculty member at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU). He founded and managed SOHA Smart Energy Systems Laboratory at SBU. He has demonstrated a consistent track record of attracting external funds and managed several industrial projects and closely worked with several large and complex national/international projects. Since 2018 he is with the School of Engineering at Newcastle University and manages the inteGRIDy as an EU Horizon 2020 project. He is also a senior researcher of the EPSRC ActiveBuilding Centre (ABC) and leads activities in the area of control and optimisation of active buildings. He is a senior member of the IEEE, member of the IEEE Power and Energy Society (PES) as well as IEEE Smart Grid Community. He is also a Member of the Editorial Board and Associate Editor of the IET Generation, Transmission& Distribution as well as the IET Smart Grid. Dr. Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, PhD, is a Professor of sector coupling in energy systems at LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland. He has a mix of high-level experience in research, teaching, administration and voluntary jobs at the national and international levels. He was PI or CO-PI in more than 20 externally funded research projects including grants from EU Horiozn and Business Finland. He is a Senior Member of IEEE since 2017 and a Member of the Governing Board of Iran Energy Association since 2013, where he was elected as President in 2019. He is Editor of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems and IEEE Transactions of Transportation Electrifications. His main areas of interest are integrated energy systems, sector coupling, renewable energies, energy storage systems, microgrids, and smart grids.

• 1. Whole System Approach to Energy 2. Interactions Across Electricity and Gas Networks 3. Power-to-Gas (P2G) Concept 4. P2G Design and Mechanism of Work 5. P2G in Integrated Markets of Gas and Electricity 6. P2G planning in the integrated Gas-Electricity Networks7. Integration of P2G Technologies in Operation of integrated Gas-Electricity Networks 8. P2G integration in the Distribution Grids of Gas and Electricity 9. Flexibility Modelling of P2G 10. Environmental assesment of P2G 11. Multi-objective applications of P2Gs 12. The role of P2G technologies in hydrogen/ electric-based refueling station 13. Economic evaluation of P2G in gas-electricity-based virtual plants 14. P2G application in decreasing constraint payment caused by renewables 15. P2G backup services for gas-fired CHP units

Mohammad Amin Mirzaei received a B.Sc. in electrical engineering from Ilam University, Iran in 2015, and an M.Sc. in electrical engineering from Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran in 2018. Currently, he is a research assistant at the University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. The main areas of his interests are energy market-clearing, risk-based energy management, emerging energy storage technologies, demand response, and integrated energy systems. He has authored and co-authored more than 25 technical publications (more than 12 of them were published in international journals) in his domain of interest, 4 book chapters. He is currently working on multi-carrier energy systems. He also submitted more than 15 papers to international journals that related to the role of emerging energy resources in multi-energy systems. Mahdi Habibi received the B.Sc. degree from the Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran, in 2014, and the M.Sc. degree from Shahid Beheshti University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, in 2016 all in electrical engineering. He is currently studying Ph.D. in power system electrical engineering at the Shahid Beheshti University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He is a member of the SOHA Smart Energy Systems Laboratory at SBU. His research interests include the power system operation, system management under uncertainty, integration of renewable energy resources, provision of flexibility services, scheduling storage devices, and optimization models at transmission and distribution levels. Vahid Vahidinasab received the PhD in electrical engineering from Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. Since 2010, he has been a faculty member at the Department of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU). He founded and managed SOHA Smart Energy Systems Laboratory at SBU. He has demonstrated a consistent track record of attracting external funds and managed several industrial projects and closely worked with several large and complex national/international projects. Since 2018 he is with the School of Engineering at Newcastle University and manages the inteGRIDy as an EU Horizon 2020 project. He is also a senior researcher of the EPSRC ActiveBuilding Centre (ABC) and leads activities in the area of control and optimisation of active buildings. He is a senior member of the IEEE, member of the IEEE Power and Energy Society (PES) as well as IEEE Smart Grid Community. He is also a Member of the Editorial Board and Associate Editor of the IET Generation, Transmission& Distribution as well as the IET Smart Grid. Dr. Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo, PhD, is a Professor of sector coupling in energy systems at LUT University, Lappeenranta, Finland. He has a mix of high-level experience in research, teaching, administration and voluntary jobs at the national and international levels. He was PI or CO-PI in more than 20 externally funded research projects including grants from EU Horiozn and Business Finland. He is a Senior Member of IEEE since 2017 and a Member of the Governing Board of Iran Energy Association since 2013, where he was elected as President in 2019. He is Editor of IEEE Transactions on Power Systems and IEEE Transactions of Transportation Electrifications. His main areas of interest are integrated energy systems, sector coupling, renewable energies, energy storage systems, microgrids, and smart grids.

• 1. Whole System Approach to Energy 2. Interactions Across Electricity and Gas Networks 3. Power-to-Gas (P2G) Concept 4. P2G Design and Mechanism of Work 5. P2G in Integrated Markets of Gas and Electricity 6. P2G planning in the integrated Gas-Electricity Networks7. Integration of P2G Technologies in Operation of integrated Gas-Electricity Networks 8. P2G integration in the Distribution Grids of Gas and Electricity 9. Flexibility Modelling of P2G 10. Environmental assesment of P2G 11. Multi-objective applications of P2Gs 12. The role of P2G technologies in hydrogen/ electric-based refueling station 13. Economic evaluation of P2G in gas-electricity-based virtual plants 14. P2G application in decreasing constraint payment caused by renewables 15. P2G backup services for gas-fired CHP units