Daniel Read is Lecturer in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.James Skinner is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.Daniel Lock is Principal Academic in the Department of Sport and Event Management, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom.Aaron Smith is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.

• 1. The Current State of Anti-Doping, 2. Multi-level Legitimacy, 3. The Creation of WADA, 4. The Whereabouts System, 5. Lance Armstrong and the Union Cycliste Internationale, 6. Therapeutic Use Exemptions, 7. Substance Use Control at the Essendon Football Club, 8. Recreational Drugs, 9. The Russian Olympic Doping Scandal, 10. Managing the Legitimacy of the World Anti-Doping Agency, Appendix

Daniel Read is Lecturer in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.James Skinner is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.Daniel Lock is Principal Academic in the Department of Sport and Event Management, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom.Aaron Smith is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.

• 1. The Current State of Anti-Doping, 2. Multi-level Legitimacy, 3. The Creation of WADA, 4. The Whereabouts System, 5. Lance Armstrong and the Union Cycliste Internationale, 6. Therapeutic Use Exemptions, 7. Substance Use Control at the Essendon Football Club, 8. Recreational Drugs, 9. The Russian Olympic Doping Scandal, 10. Managing the Legitimacy of the World Anti-Doping Agency, Appendix

Daniel Read is Lecturer in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.James Skinner is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.Daniel Lock is Principal Academic in the Department of Sport and Event Management, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom.Aaron Smith is Professor in Sport Business at the Institute for Sport Business, Loughborough University London, United Kingdom.

• 1. The Current State of Anti-Doping, 2. Multi-level Legitimacy, 3. The Creation of WADA, 4. The Whereabouts System, 5. Lance Armstrong and the Union Cycliste Internationale, 6. Therapeutic Use Exemptions, 7. Substance Use Control at the Essendon Football Club, 8. Recreational Drugs, 9. The Russian Olympic Doping Scandal, 10. Managing the Legitimacy of the World Anti-Doping Agency, Appendix