John B. Sutcliffe is an Associate Professor and Department Head in Political Science at the University of Windsor, Canada. He studies the politics of borders in North America and Europe. Recent research and publications focus on the Detroit River border between Canada and the United States.William P. Anderson is a Professor in the Department of Political Science and Director of the Cross-Border Institute at the University of Windsor, Canada. An economic geographer, he studies transportation systems, international trade, and economic development. His recent research is focused on the Canada-US border.

• Chapter 1:Introduction 1.1: The Election of Donald Trump 1.2: The Importance of Borders 1.3: Disappearing Borders 1.4: Central Questions and Arguments 1.5: Outline of the Book 1.6: Notes 1.7: Bibliography Chapter 2: The Study of Borders 2.1: Central Definitions and Questions 2.2: The Functions of Borders 2.3: Controlling the Border 2.4: The Consequences of Changes to Borders 2.5: Conclusion 2.6: Notes 2.7: Bibliography Chapter 3: The U.S.-Canada Border Prior to 9/11 3.1: The Formation of North American Borders 3.2: The Functions of the U.S.-Canada Border 3.2.1: Security 3.2.2: Trade and Customs 3.2.3: Immigration 3.3: Control over the U.S.-Canada Border 3.4: Conclusion 3.5: Notes 3.6: Bibliography Chapter 4: The Impact of Terrorism – The U.S. Canada Border in a New World? 4.1: The Border After September 11th: Security and Trade 4.2: The Impact of Border Security 4.2.1: The Economic Costs of Border Security 4.3: Facilitating Trade and the Movement of People 4.4: Beyond the Border 4.5: Political Control over the Border in the Post-September 11th Era 4.6: Conclusion 4.7: Notes 4.8: Bibliography Chapter 5: North American Borders in the Age of Trump 5.1: Assessing Donald Trump 5.2: The Trump Agenda 5.2.1: The Mexican Wall 5.2.2: Trade and the Economy 5.2.3: Immigration 5.3: The Implications of Donald Trump for U.S. Borders 5.4: Will the Agenda be Implemented? 5.5: Conclusion 5.6: Notes 5.7: Bibliography Chapter 6: NAFTA and its Renegotiation 6.1: U.S.-Canada Trade6.2: The Origins and Consequences of NAFTA 6.3: Donald Trump and NAFTA 6.4: NAFTA 2.0 6.5: Analysis of the NAFTA Renegotiations 6.6: The Border and the Future of NAFTA6.7: Conclusion 6.8: Notes 6.9: Bibliography Chapter 7: Trade and the Border: The Automotive, Agri-Food and Energy Sectors 7.1: U.S.-Canada Automotive Integration 7.1.1: The Great Lakes Industrial Region 7.1.2: Automotive Integration and the Auto Pact 7.1.3: CUSFTA, NAFTA and Mexico 7.1.4: Auto Trade and the Border 7.1.5: Trump, Auto Trade, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2: Agri-Food: Integration and Regulation 7.2.1: Agri-Food, CUSFTA and NAFTA 7.2.2: Trump, Agri-Food, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2.3: Agri-Food and the Border 7.3: Technology and Trade Flows 7.4: Energy: Interdependency with Environmental Conflict 7.4.1: Petroleum Products 7.4.2: Trade in Electric Power 7.5: Conclusion 7.6: Notes 7.7: Bibliography Chapter 8: Security, Immigration, Identity and the Border 8.1: Security and the U.S.-Canada Border 8.2: Migration and Immigration to the United States and Canada 8.3: Donald Trump, Immigration and Identity Politics 8.3.1: Candidate Trump 8.3.2: President Trump 8.4: The Significance of Donald Trump, Immigration and the Border 8.5: Conclusion 8.6: Notes 8.7: Bibliography Chapter 9: The Past, Present and Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.1: A Watershed Moment? 9.2: A Problematic Presidency 9.3: Control of the Border 9.4: The Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.4.1: The End of the End of Borders 9.4.2: Future Crossing Prospects 9.5: Concluding Thoughts 9.6: Notes 9.7:Bibliography

John B. Sutcliffe is an Associate Professor and Department Head in Political Science at the University of Windsor, Canada. He studies the politics of borders in North America and Europe. Recent research and publications focus on the Detroit River border between Canada and the United States.William P. Anderson is a Professor in the Department of Political Science and Director of the Cross-Border Institute at the University of Windsor, Canada. An economic geographer, he studies transportation systems, international trade, and economic development. His recent research is focused on the Canada-US border.

• Chapter 1:Introduction 1.1: The Election of Donald Trump 1.2: The Importance of Borders 1.3: Disappearing Borders 1.4: Central Questions and Arguments 1.5: Outline of the Book 1.6: Notes 1.7: Bibliography Chapter 2: The Study of Borders 2.1: Central Definitions and Questions 2.2: The Functions of Borders 2.3: Controlling the Border 2.4: The Consequences of Changes to Borders 2.5: Conclusion 2.6: Notes 2.7: Bibliography Chapter 3: The U.S.-Canada Border Prior to 9/11 3.1: The Formation of North American Borders 3.2: The Functions of the U.S.-Canada Border 3.2.1: Security 3.2.2: Trade and Customs 3.2.3: Immigration 3.3: Control over the U.S.-Canada Border 3.4: Conclusion 3.5: Notes 3.6: Bibliography Chapter 4: The Impact of Terrorism – The U.S. Canada Border in a New World? 4.1: The Border After September 11th: Security and Trade 4.2: The Impact of Border Security 4.2.1: The Economic Costs of Border Security 4.3: Facilitating Trade and the Movement of People 4.4: Beyond the Border 4.5: Political Control over the Border in the Post-September 11th Era 4.6: Conclusion 4.7: Notes 4.8: Bibliography Chapter 5: North American Borders in the Age of Trump 5.1: Assessing Donald Trump 5.2: The Trump Agenda 5.2.1: The Mexican Wall 5.2.2: Trade and the Economy 5.2.3: Immigration 5.3: The Implications of Donald Trump for U.S. Borders 5.4: Will the Agenda be Implemented? 5.5: Conclusion 5.6: Notes 5.7: Bibliography Chapter 6: NAFTA and its Renegotiation 6.1: U.S.-Canada Trade6.2: The Origins and Consequences of NAFTA 6.3: Donald Trump and NAFTA 6.4: NAFTA 2.0 6.5: Analysis of the NAFTA Renegotiations 6.6: The Border and the Future of NAFTA6.7: Conclusion 6.8: Notes 6.9: Bibliography Chapter 7: Trade and the Border: The Automotive, Agri-Food and Energy Sectors 7.1: U.S.-Canada Automotive Integration 7.1.1: The Great Lakes Industrial Region 7.1.2: Automotive Integration and the Auto Pact 7.1.3: CUSFTA, NAFTA and Mexico 7.1.4: Auto Trade and the Border 7.1.5: Trump, Auto Trade, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2: Agri-Food: Integration and Regulation 7.2.1: Agri-Food, CUSFTA and NAFTA 7.2.2: Trump, Agri-Food, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2.3: Agri-Food and the Border 7.3: Technology and Trade Flows 7.4: Energy: Interdependency with Environmental Conflict 7.4.1: Petroleum Products 7.4.2: Trade in Electric Power 7.5: Conclusion 7.6: Notes 7.7: Bibliography Chapter 8: Security, Immigration, Identity and the Border 8.1: Security and the U.S.-Canada Border 8.2: Migration and Immigration to the United States and Canada 8.3: Donald Trump, Immigration and Identity Politics 8.3.1: Candidate Trump 8.3.2: President Trump 8.4: The Significance of Donald Trump, Immigration and the Border 8.5: Conclusion 8.6: Notes 8.7: Bibliography Chapter 9: The Past, Present and Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.1: A Watershed Moment? 9.2: A Problematic Presidency 9.3: Control of the Border 9.4: The Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.4.1: The End of the End of Borders 9.4.2: Future Crossing Prospects 9.5: Concluding Thoughts 9.6: Notes 9.7:Bibliography

John B. Sutcliffe is an Associate Professor and Department Head in Political Science at the University of Windsor, Canada. He studies the politics of borders in North America and Europe. Recent research and publications focus on the Detroit River border between Canada and the United States.William P. Anderson is a Professor in the Department of Political Science and Director of the Cross-Border Institute at the University of Windsor, Canada. An economic geographer, he studies transportation systems, international trade, and economic development. His recent research is focused on the Canada-US border.

• Chapter 1:Introduction 1.1: The Election of Donald Trump 1.2: The Importance of Borders 1.3: Disappearing Borders 1.4: Central Questions and Arguments 1.5: Outline of the Book 1.6: Notes 1.7: Bibliography Chapter 2: The Study of Borders 2.1: Central Definitions and Questions 2.2: The Functions of Borders 2.3: Controlling the Border 2.4: The Consequences of Changes to Borders 2.5: Conclusion 2.6: Notes 2.7: Bibliography Chapter 3: The U.S.-Canada Border Prior to 9/11 3.1: The Formation of North American Borders 3.2: The Functions of the U.S.-Canada Border 3.2.1: Security 3.2.2: Trade and Customs 3.2.3: Immigration 3.3: Control over the U.S.-Canada Border 3.4: Conclusion 3.5: Notes 3.6: Bibliography Chapter 4: The Impact of Terrorism – The U.S. Canada Border in a New World? 4.1: The Border After September 11th: Security and Trade 4.2: The Impact of Border Security 4.2.1: The Economic Costs of Border Security 4.3: Facilitating Trade and the Movement of People 4.4: Beyond the Border 4.5: Political Control over the Border in the Post-September 11th Era 4.6: Conclusion 4.7: Notes 4.8: Bibliography Chapter 5: North American Borders in the Age of Trump 5.1: Assessing Donald Trump 5.2: The Trump Agenda 5.2.1: The Mexican Wall 5.2.2: Trade and the Economy 5.2.3: Immigration 5.3: The Implications of Donald Trump for U.S. Borders 5.4: Will the Agenda be Implemented? 5.5: Conclusion 5.6: Notes 5.7: Bibliography Chapter 6: NAFTA and its Renegotiation 6.1: U.S.-Canada Trade6.2: The Origins and Consequences of NAFTA 6.3: Donald Trump and NAFTA 6.4: NAFTA 2.0 6.5: Analysis of the NAFTA Renegotiations 6.6: The Border and the Future of NAFTA6.7: Conclusion 6.8: Notes 6.9: Bibliography Chapter 7: Trade and the Border: The Automotive, Agri-Food and Energy Sectors 7.1: U.S.-Canada Automotive Integration 7.1.1: The Great Lakes Industrial Region 7.1.2: Automotive Integration and the Auto Pact 7.1.3: CUSFTA, NAFTA and Mexico 7.1.4: Auto Trade and the Border 7.1.5: Trump, Auto Trade, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2: Agri-Food: Integration and Regulation 7.2.1: Agri-Food, CUSFTA and NAFTA 7.2.2: Trump, Agri-Food, and the NAFTA Renegotiations 7.2.3: Agri-Food and the Border 7.3: Technology and Trade Flows 7.4: Energy: Interdependency with Environmental Conflict 7.4.1: Petroleum Products 7.4.2: Trade in Electric Power 7.5: Conclusion 7.6: Notes 7.7: Bibliography Chapter 8: Security, Immigration, Identity and the Border 8.1: Security and the U.S.-Canada Border 8.2: Migration and Immigration to the United States and Canada 8.3: Donald Trump, Immigration and Identity Politics 8.3.1: Candidate Trump 8.3.2: President Trump 8.4: The Significance of Donald Trump, Immigration and the Border 8.5: Conclusion 8.6: Notes 8.7: Bibliography Chapter 9: The Past, Present and Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.1: A Watershed Moment? 9.2: A Problematic Presidency 9.3: Control of the Border 9.4: The Future of the U.S.-Canada Border 9.4.1: The End of the End of Borders 9.4.2: Future Crossing Prospects 9.5: Concluding Thoughts 9.6: Notes 9.7:Bibliography