Fruzsina Gárdos-Orosz is Director and Senior Research fellow of the Institute for Legal Studies, Centre for Social Sciences, Hungary, and also Associate Professor in Constitutional Law at the ELTE Law School in Budapest, Hungary. Zoltán Szente is Professor of Law at the Department of Constitutional Law, National University of Public Service, and he is a Research Professor at the Institute for Legal Studies, Centre for Social Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. He is a co-chair of the IACL Research Group on Constitutional Interpretation, and a Vice-president of the Independent Group of Experts of the Council of Europe.

• PART I Theoretical implicationsPopulism and populist constitutionalismThe art of constitutional interpretationAn ‘Instrument of Government’ or ‘Instrument of Courts’? The Impact of Political Systems on Constitutional Interpretation and the Case of PopulismCan There be Autochthonous Methods of Constitutional Interpretation?PART II Constitutional interpretation and populism in EuropeFormalism and Judicial Self-Restraint as Tools Against Populism? Considerations Regarding Recent Developments of the Austrian Constitutional CourtThe Czech Constitutional Court in Times of Populism:From Judicial Activism to Judicial Self-RestraintPopular Initiatives, Populism and the Croatian Constitutional Court Constitutional identity as a populist notion?Constitutional interpretation under the new Fundamental Law of HungaryThe populist reforms in Italy and the instrument of the constitutionally conforming interpretationWhatever works - Constitutional Interpretation in Poland in Times of PopulismNon sequiturs in Constitutional Adjudication: Populism or Epistemic Deficit?Constitutional Interpretation and Populism. The case of SpainPopulism, UK sovereignty, the rule of law and BrexitPART III An Outlook Born Populist: The Trump Administration, the Courts and the Constitution of the United StatesConstitutional Interpretation: What can Europeans learn from US debates? Populist and non-democratic reading of the ConstitutionPART IV SummaryPopulist challenges to constitutional interpretation

Fruzsina Gárdos-Orosz is Director and Senior Research fellow of the Institute for Legal Studies, Centre for Social Sciences, Hungary, and also Associate Professor in Constitutional Law at the ELTE Law School in Budapest, Hungary. Zoltán Szente is Professor of Law at the Department of Constitutional Law, National University of Public Service, and he is a Research Professor at the Institute for Legal Studies, Centre for Social Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest. He is a co-chair of the IACL Research Group on Constitutional Interpretation, and a Vice-president of the Independent Group of Experts of the Council of Europe.

• PART I Theoretical implicationsPopulism and populist constitutionalismThe art of constitutional interpretationAn ‘Instrument of Government’ or ‘Instrument of Courts’? The Impact of Political Systems on Constitutional Interpretation and the Case of PopulismCan There be Autochthonous Methods of Constitutional Interpretation?PART II Constitutional interpretation and populism in EuropeFormalism and Judicial Self-Restraint as Tools Against Populism? Considerations Regarding Recent Developments of the Austrian Constitutional CourtThe Czech Constitutional Court in Times of Populism:From Judicial Activism to Judicial Self-RestraintPopular Initiatives, Populism and the Croatian Constitutional Court Constitutional identity as a populist notion?Constitutional interpretation under the new Fundamental Law of HungaryThe populist reforms in Italy and the instrument of the constitutionally conforming interpretationWhatever works - Constitutional Interpretation in Poland in Times of PopulismNon sequiturs in Constitutional Adjudication: Populism or Epistemic Deficit?Constitutional Interpretation and Populism. The case of SpainPopulism, UK sovereignty, the rule of law and BrexitPART III An Outlook Born Populist: The Trump Administration, the Courts and the Constitution of the United StatesConstitutional Interpretation: What can Europeans learn from US debates? Populist and non-democratic reading of the ConstitutionPART IV SummaryPopulist challenges to constitutional interpretation