Lennaert van Heumen is a PhD candidate and Lecturer at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.Mechthild Roos is a visiting fellow of the Institute of Political Science, University of Luxembourg and a Lecturer in Comparative Politics at Augsburg University, Germany.

• Part I: Analysing the Informal Dimensions of European Integration 1. Introduction [Mechthild Roos and Lennaert van Heumen] 2. Studying the Informal in European Integration: a Research Guide [Mechthild Roos, with Christine Neuhold] 3. Of Treaties, Conventions and Habits: How Informal Integration Interacts with Formal Integration [N. Piers Ludlow] Part II: Ideas 4. A Wartime Narrative of Hope: The Freiburger Bonhoeffer-Kreis’s 1943 Memorandum as a Blueprint for Europe [Jorrit Steehouder and Clemens van den Berg] 5. The Controversy Surrounding the Idea of a European Supranational University [Lars Lehmann] 6. An Atlantic or European Union? Informal Networks and the Debate on Atlantic and European Integration During the Early Cold War (1945-1963) [Lennaert van Heumen] Part III: Actors 7. The Appeal and Limitations of Federalism: The Union of European Federalists and the Spanish Transition to Democracy [Carlos López Gómez] 8. Human Rights and Foreign Aid: Three NGOs Influencing the European Community (1974-1979) [Ilaria Zamburlini] 9. Informality in European Foreign Policy: The Evolution of the Early Group of Seven [Andi Shehu] Part IV: Procedures 10. How Lawyers Became Essential Intermediaries Between Firms and the European Commission: Procedural Reform in Competition Cases (1962-1983) [Lola Avril] 11. The Informal Character of the Western European Union: European Defence, Industry and Integration [Sara Venditti] 12. Fuzzy Roles in EU External Relations Governance: The Difficult Construction of Informal Policy Coordination Frameworks [Daniel Schade] Part V: Conclusion 13. How Informality Can Play Out in European Integration [Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol]

Lennaert van Heumen is a PhD candidate and Lecturer at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.Mechthild Roos is a visiting fellow of the Institute of Political Science, University of Luxembourg and a Lecturer in Comparative Politics at Augsburg University, Germany.

• Part I: Analysing the Informal Dimensions of European Integration 1. Introduction [Mechthild Roos and Lennaert van Heumen] 2. Studying the Informal in European Integration: a Research Guide [Mechthild Roos, with Christine Neuhold] 3. Of Treaties, Conventions and Habits: How Informal Integration Interacts with Formal Integration [N. Piers Ludlow] Part II: Ideas 4. A Wartime Narrative of Hope: The Freiburger Bonhoeffer-Kreis’s 1943 Memorandum as a Blueprint for Europe [Jorrit Steehouder and Clemens van den Berg] 5. The Controversy Surrounding the Idea of a European Supranational University [Lars Lehmann] 6. An Atlantic or European Union? Informal Networks and the Debate on Atlantic and European Integration During the Early Cold War (1945-1963) [Lennaert van Heumen] Part III: Actors 7. The Appeal and Limitations of Federalism: The Union of European Federalists and the Spanish Transition to Democracy [Carlos López Gómez] 8. Human Rights and Foreign Aid: Three NGOs Influencing the European Community (1974-1979) [Ilaria Zamburlini] 9. Informality in European Foreign Policy: The Evolution of the Early Group of Seven [Andi Shehu] Part IV: Procedures 10. How Lawyers Became Essential Intermediaries Between Firms and the European Commission: Procedural Reform in Competition Cases (1962-1983) [Lola Avril] 11. The Informal Character of the Western European Union: European Defence, Industry and Integration [Sara Venditti] 12. Fuzzy Roles in EU External Relations Governance: The Difficult Construction of Informal Policy Coordination Frameworks [Daniel Schade] Part V: Conclusion 13. How Informality Can Play Out in European Integration [Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol]

Lennaert van Heumen is a PhD candidate and Lecturer at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.Mechthild Roos is a visiting fellow of the Institute of Political Science, University of Luxembourg and a Lecturer in Comparative Politics at Augsburg University, Germany.

• Part I: Analysing the Informal Dimensions of European Integration 1. Introduction [Mechthild Roos and Lennaert van Heumen] 2. Studying the Informal in European Integration: a Research Guide [Mechthild Roos, with Christine Neuhold] 3. Of Treaties, Conventions and Habits: How Informal Integration Interacts with Formal Integration [N. Piers Ludlow] Part II: Ideas 4. A Wartime Narrative of Hope: The Freiburger Bonhoeffer-Kreis’s 1943 Memorandum as a Blueprint for Europe [Jorrit Steehouder and Clemens van den Berg] 5. The Controversy Surrounding the Idea of a European Supranational University [Lars Lehmann] 6. An Atlantic or European Union? Informal Networks and the Debate on Atlantic and European Integration During the Early Cold War (1945-1963) [Lennaert van Heumen] Part III: Actors 7. The Appeal and Limitations of Federalism: The Union of European Federalists and the Spanish Transition to Democracy [Carlos López Gómez] 8. Human Rights and Foreign Aid: Three NGOs Influencing the European Community (1974-1979) [Ilaria Zamburlini] 9. Informality in European Foreign Policy: The Evolution of the Early Group of Seven [Andi Shehu] Part IV: Procedures 10. How Lawyers Became Essential Intermediaries Between Firms and the European Commission: Procedural Reform in Competition Cases (1962-1983) [Lola Avril] 11. The Informal Character of the Western European Union: European Defence, Industry and Integration [Sara Venditti] 12. Fuzzy Roles in EU External Relations Governance: The Difficult Construction of Informal Policy Coordination Frameworks [Daniel Schade] Part V: Conclusion 13. How Informality Can Play Out in European Integration [Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol]