Jonathan D. Oldfield is Reader in Russian Environmental Studies in the School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Birmingham, UK.

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• 1. Introduction 2. The Soviet Union and the Great Transformation of the Twentieth Century 3. Conceptualising the Physical Environment and the Growing Influence of Humankind on Earth System 4. Measuring and Assessing the Wider Environment 5. Russia’s Place in the Anthropocene 6. Conclusion

Jonathan D. Oldfield is Reader in Russian Environmental Studies in the School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Birmingham, UK.

Select Guide Rating

• 1. Introduction 2. The Soviet Union and the Great Transformation of the Twentieth Century 3. Conceptualising the Physical Environment and the Growing Influence of Humankind on Earth System 4. Measuring and Assessing the Wider Environment 5. Russia’s Place in the Anthropocene 6. Conclusion

Jonathan D. Oldfield is Reader in Russian Environmental Studies in the School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Birmingham, UK.

Select Guide Rating

• 1. Introduction 2. The Soviet Union and the Great Transformation of the Twentieth Century 3. Conceptualising the Physical Environment and the Growing Influence of Humankind on Earth System 4. Measuring and Assessing the Wider Environment 5. Russia’s Place in the Anthropocene 6. Conclusion