Anthony Clark Arend is Assistant Professor of Government, Georgetown University., Robert J. Beck is Assistant Professor of International Law and Organization in the Woodrow Wilson Department of Government and Foreign Affairs at the University of Virginia.

• Part I Introduction; Chapter 1 International law and the use of force; Chapter 2 Historical overview: the development of the legal norms relating to the recourse to force; Part II The United Nations Charter paradigm; Chapter 3 The United Nations Charter framework for the resort to force; Chapter 4 Collective use of force under the United Nations Charter; Part III Challenges to the Charter paradigm; Chapter 5 Anticipatory self-defense; Chapter 6 Intervention in civil and mixed conflicts; Chapter 7 Intervention to protect nationals; Chapter 8 Humanitarian intervention; Chapter 9 Responding to terrorism; Part IV Conclusion: beyond the Charter paradigm; Chapter 10 International law and the recourse to force: a shift in paradigms;