Stephanie Matseleng Allais is a Senior Researcher at the Education Policy Unit of the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Her research interests include the sociology of education, policy, education and development, curriculum, and political economy of education. Prior to joining Wits University she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Centre for Educational Sociology at the University of Edinburgh, UK, and before this, she managed and conducted research for the International Labour Organization. She was also the director of the Research and Development unit of Umalusi, the statutory body responsible for the quality assurance of primary, secondary, and vocational education and training in South Africa. She has worked in various parts of the South African education system, including working for a non-governmental organization in distance education, running the education department of a trade union, and teaching. She served on many committees by appointment of Ministers of Education in South Africa, and has been involved in numerous policy processes. She has a PhD in Education Policy from the School of Public and Development Management at Wits University in South Africa. Michael Young, BA, BSc, MA, PhD (Hon caus), FCGLI is Professor of Education (Emeritus) at the Institute of Education, University of London, UK. He is a Sociologist. His recent publications include Bringing Knowledge Back In (Routledge, 2008) and (edited with Hugh Lauder) Educating for the knowledge economy? Critical Perspectives (Routledge, 2012). His research focuses on the role of knowledge in qualifications, and curricula. He has been an adviser/consultant on National Qualifications Frameworks for the ILO, OECD, the ETF, and national organizations in a number of countries including the UK, South Africa, Australia, Slovenia, Pakistan and Ethiopia.

• Preface Michael Young and Stephanie Allais; Introduction Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais 1. Education, economic globalisation and national qualifications frameworks Hugh Lauder 2. The educational implications of introducing a NQF for developing countries Michael Young 3. The impact and implementation of national qualifications frameworks: a comparison of 16 countries Stephanie M. Allais 4. National vocational qualifications in the United Kingdom: their origins and legacy Michael Young 5. Are ‘communications frameworks’ more successful? Policy learning from the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework David Raffe 6. The implementation, evolution and impact of New Zealand’s national qualifications framework Robert Strathdee 7. From old to new: the Australian qualifications framework Leesa Wheelahan 8. The changing faces of the South African national qualifications framework Stephanie M. Allais 9. Qualifications frameworks: implementation and impact in Botswana Daniel Tau and Stanslaus T. Modesto 10. Implementing competence frameworks in Mexico María Luisa de Anda 11. The Malaysian qualifications framework. An institutional response to intrinsic weaknesses Jack Keating 12. The NQF in Mauritius Carmel Marock 13. Implementing a national qualifications framework in Lithuania Vidmantas Tūtlys and Irma Spūdytė 14. Options for Designing an NVQF for India Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais

Stephanie Matseleng Allais is a Senior Researcher at the Education Policy Unit of the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Her research interests include the sociology of education, policy, education and development, curriculum, and political economy of education. Prior to joining Wits University she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Centre for Educational Sociology at the University of Edinburgh, UK, and before this, she managed and conducted research for the International Labour Organization. She was also the director of the Research and Development unit of Umalusi, the statutory body responsible for the quality assurance of primary, secondary, and vocational education and training in South Africa. She has worked in various parts of the South African education system, including working for a non-governmental organization in distance education, running the education department of a trade union, and teaching. She served on many committees by appointment of Ministers of Education in South Africa, and has been involved in numerous policy processes. She has a PhD in Education Policy from the School of Public and Development Management at Wits University in South Africa. Michael Young, BA, BSc, MA, PhD (Hon caus), FCGLI is Professor of Education (Emeritus) at the Institute of Education, University of London, UK. He is a Sociologist. His recent publications include Bringing Knowledge Back In (Routledge, 2008) and (edited with Hugh Lauder) Educating for the knowledge economy? Critical Perspectives (Routledge, 2012). His research focuses on the role of knowledge in qualifications, and curricula. He has been an adviser/consultant on National Qualifications Frameworks for the ILO, OECD, the ETF, and national organizations in a number of countries including the UK, South Africa, Australia, Slovenia, Pakistan and Ethiopia.

• Preface Michael Young and Stephanie Allais; Introduction Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais 1. Education, economic globalisation and national qualifications frameworks Hugh Lauder 2. The educational implications of introducing a NQF for developing countries Michael Young 3. The impact and implementation of national qualifications frameworks: a comparison of 16 countries Stephanie M. Allais 4. National vocational qualifications in the United Kingdom: their origins and legacy Michael Young 5. Are ‘communications frameworks’ more successful? Policy learning from the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework David Raffe 6. The implementation, evolution and impact of New Zealand’s national qualifications framework Robert Strathdee 7. From old to new: the Australian qualifications framework Leesa Wheelahan 8. The changing faces of the South African national qualifications framework Stephanie M. Allais 9. Qualifications frameworks: implementation and impact in Botswana Daniel Tau and Stanslaus T. Modesto 10. Implementing competence frameworks in Mexico María Luisa de Anda 11. The Malaysian qualifications framework. An institutional response to intrinsic weaknesses Jack Keating 12. The NQF in Mauritius Carmel Marock 13. Implementing a national qualifications framework in Lithuania Vidmantas Tūtlys and Irma Spūdytė 14. Options for Designing an NVQF for India Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais

Stephanie Matseleng Allais is a Senior Researcher at the Education Policy Unit of the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. Her research interests include the sociology of education, policy, education and development, curriculum, and political economy of education. Prior to joining Wits University she was a postdoctoral fellow at the Centre for Educational Sociology at the University of Edinburgh, UK, and before this, she managed and conducted research for the International Labour Organization. She was also the director of the Research and Development unit of Umalusi, the statutory body responsible for the quality assurance of primary, secondary, and vocational education and training in South Africa. She has worked in various parts of the South African education system, including working for a non-governmental organization in distance education, running the education department of a trade union, and teaching. She served on many committees by appointment of Ministers of Education in South Africa, and has been involved in numerous policy processes. She has a PhD in Education Policy from the School of Public and Development Management at Wits University in South Africa. Michael Young, BA, BSc, MA, PhD (Hon caus), FCGLI is Professor of Education (Emeritus) at the Institute of Education, University of London, UK. He is a Sociologist. His recent publications include Bringing Knowledge Back In (Routledge, 2008) and (edited with Hugh Lauder) Educating for the knowledge economy? Critical Perspectives (Routledge, 2012). His research focuses on the role of knowledge in qualifications, and curricula. He has been an adviser/consultant on National Qualifications Frameworks for the ILO, OECD, the ETF, and national organizations in a number of countries including the UK, South Africa, Australia, Slovenia, Pakistan and Ethiopia.

• Preface Michael Young and Stephanie Allais; Introduction Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais 1. Education, economic globalisation and national qualifications frameworks Hugh Lauder 2. The educational implications of introducing a NQF for developing countries Michael Young 3. The impact and implementation of national qualifications frameworks: a comparison of 16 countries Stephanie M. Allais 4. National vocational qualifications in the United Kingdom: their origins and legacy Michael Young 5. Are ‘communications frameworks’ more successful? Policy learning from the Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework David Raffe 6. The implementation, evolution and impact of New Zealand’s national qualifications framework Robert Strathdee 7. From old to new: the Australian qualifications framework Leesa Wheelahan 8. The changing faces of the South African national qualifications framework Stephanie M. Allais 9. Qualifications frameworks: implementation and impact in Botswana Daniel Tau and Stanslaus T. Modesto 10. Implementing competence frameworks in Mexico María Luisa de Anda 11. The Malaysian qualifications framework. An institutional response to intrinsic weaknesses Jack Keating 12. The NQF in Mauritius Carmel Marock 13. Implementing a national qualifications framework in Lithuania Vidmantas Tūtlys and Irma Spūdytė 14. Options for Designing an NVQF for India Michael Young and Stephanie M. Allais