Nanoplatform-Based Molecular Imaging

Xiaoyuan Chen received his PhD in chemistry from the University of Idaho and was an Associate Professor of Radiology in the School of Medicine at Stanford University before joining the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a senior investigator and the Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN) as chief. He is the author of more than 200 scholarly articles and has edited one book to date. Dr. Chen's research interests include developing and validating novel molecular imaging probes (nanoparticles, antibodies, proteins, peptides, and small organic molecules) for better understanding of the biology, early diagnosis of disease, monitoring therapy response, and guiding drug discovery and development.

“This comprehensive volume summarizes the opinions of those in the forefront of research and describes the latest developments by emphasizing fundamentals and initiating hands-on application.”  (Imaging & Microscopy, 1 March 2012)"This monumental work of more than 800 pages is dedicated to the visualization of cellular behavior and molecular processes in living organisms using nanotechnologies. The book is written in a clear manner by tens of experts in the field." (Optics & Photonics News, 2011) "This comprehensive volume summarizes the opinions of those in the forefront of research and describes the latest developments by emphasizing fundamentals and initiating hands-on application." (Global Print Monitor, 8 March 2011)

• Preface ixAcknowledgments xiContributors xiiiPART I BASICS OF MOLECULAR IMAGING AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY1. Basic Principles of Molecular Imaging 3Sven H. Hausner2. Synthesis of Nanomaterials as a Platform for Molecular Imaging 25Jinhao Gao, Jin Xie, Bing Xu, and Xiaoyuan Chen3. Nanoparticle Surface Modification and Bioconjugation 47Jin Xie, Jinhao Gao, Mark Michalski, and Xiaoyuan Chen4. Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetics of Nanoprobes 75Nagesh Kolishetti, Frank Alexis, Eric M. Pridgen, and Omid C. FarokhzadPART II NANOPARTICLES FOR SINGLE MODALITY MOLECULAR IMAGING5. Computed Tomography as a Tool for Anatomical and Molecular Imaging 107Pingyu Liu, Hu Zhou, and Lei Xing6. Carbon Nanotube X-Ray for Dynamic Micro-CT Imaging of Small Animal Models 139Otto Zhou, Guohua Cao, Yueh Z. Lee, and Jianping Lu7. Quantum Dots for In Vivo Molecular Imaging 159Yun Xing8. Biopolymer, Dendrimer, and Liposome Nanoplatforms for Optical Molecular Imaging 183David Pham, Ling Zhang, Bo Chen, and Ella Fung Jones9. Nanoplatforms for Raman Molecular Imaging in Biological Systems 197Zhuang Liu10. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Near-Infrared Fluorescent Sensors for Biological Systems 217Jingqing Zhang and Michael S. Strano11. Microparticle- and Nanoparticle-Based Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging 233Nirupama Deshpande and J¨urgen K. Willmann12. Ultrasound-Based Molecular Imaging Using Nanoagents 263Srivalleesha Mallidi, Mohammad Mehrmohammadi, Kimberly Homan, Bo Wang, Min Qu, Timothy Larson, Konstantin Sokolov, and Stanislav Emelianov13. MRI Contrast Agents Based on Inorganic Nanoparticles 279Hyon Bin Na and Taeghwan Hyeon14. Cellular Magnetic Labeling with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles 309Sebastien Boutry, Sophie Laurent, Luce Vander Elst, and Robert N. Muller15. Nanoparticles Containing Rare Earth Ions: A Tunable Tool for MRI 333C. Rivi`ere, S. Roux, R. Bazzi, J.-L. Bridot, C. Billotey, P. Perriat, and O. Tillement16. Microfabricated Multispectral MRI Contrast Agents 375Gary Zabow and Alan Koretsky17. Radiolabeled Nanoplatforms: Imaging Hot Bullets Hitting Their Target 399Raffaella RossinPART III NANOPARTICLE PLATFORMS AS MULTIMODALITY IMAGING AND THERAPY AGENTS18. Lipoprotein-Based Nanoplatforms for Cancer Molecular Imaging 433Ian R. Corbin, Kenneth Ng, and Gang Zheng19. Protein Cages as Multimode Imaging Agents 463Masaki Uchida, Lars Liepold, Mark Young, and Trevor Douglas20. Biomedical Applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes 481Weibo Cai, Ting Gao, and Hao Hong21. Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Multimodal Molecular Imaging 529Yanglong Hou and Rui Hao22. Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Cancer Theragnosis 541Seulki Lee, Ick Chan Kwon, and Kwangmeyung Kim23. Nanoparticles for Combined Cancer Imaging and Therapy 565Vaishali Bagalkot, Mi Kyung Yu, and Sangyong Jon24. Multimodal Imaging and Therapy with Magnetofluorescent Nanoparticles 593Jason R. McCarthy and Ralph Weissleder25. Gold Nanocages: A Multifunctional Platform for Molecular Optical Imaging and Photothermal Treatment 615Leslie Au, Claire M. Cobley, Jingyi Chen, and Younan Xia26. Theranostic Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer 639Parmeswaran Diagaradjane, Pranshu Mohindra, and Sunil Krishnan27. Gold Nanorods as Theranostic Agents 659Alexander Wei, Qingshan Wei, and Alexei P. Leonov28. Theranostic Applications of Gold Core–Shell Structured Nanoparticles 683Wei Lu, Marites P. Melancon, and Chun Li29. Magnetic Nanoparticle Carrier for Targeted Drug Delivery: Perspective, Outlook, and Design 709R. D. K. Misra30. Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles: A Multidimensional Platform for Targeted Image-Guided Drug Delivery 725Gregory M. Lanza, Shelton D. Caruthers, Anne H. Schmieder, Patrick M. Winter, Tillmann Cyrus, and Samuel A. Wickline31. Radioimmunonanoparticles for Cancer Imaging and Therapy 755Arutselvan NatarajanPART IV TRANSLATIONAL NANOMEDICINE32. Current Status and Future Prospects for Nanoparticle-Based Technology in Human Medicine 783Nuria Sanvicens, Fatima Fernandez, J.-Pablo Salvador, and M.-Pilar MarcoIndex 815