DARIO FARINA is Professor and Founding Chair of the Department of Neurore-habilitation Engineering at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. He is also Chair for Neuroinformatics of the Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen.WINNIE JENSEN is an Associate Professor at the Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction at Aalborg University, Denmark.METIN AKAY is Chair of the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Houston, Texas. He is the founding editor-in-chief of the IEEE Press Series in Biomedical Engineering published by Wiley-IEEE Press. He is also the editor of ten Wiley-IEEE Press books.

• CONTRIBUTORS ixPREFACE xvPART I INJURIES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 11 Diseases and Injuries of the Central Nervous System Leading to Sensory–Motor Impairment 3Dejan B. Popoviæ and Thomas Sinkjær2 Peripheral and Spinal Plasticity after Nerve Injuries 21Xavier Navarro3 Motor Control Modules of Human Movement in Health and Disease 39Yuri P. Ivanenko, Germana Cappellini, Marco Molinari, and Francesco LacquanitiPART II SIGNAL DETECTION AND CONDITIONING 614 Progress in Peripheral Neural Interfaces 63Shaoyu Qiao, Kevin A. Mauser, and Ken Yoshida5 Multimodal, Multisite Neuronal Recordings for Brain Research 95Ulrich G. Hofmann, Peter Detemple, and Yijing Xie6 Surface Electromyogram Detection 113Alberto Botter, Marco Gazzoni, and Roberto Merletti7 Methods for Noninvasive Electroencephalogram Detection 137Christoph Guger and Günter Edlinger8 Spike Sorting 155Di Ge and Dario Farina9 Wavelet Denoising and Conditioning of Neural Recordings 173Luca Citi and Silvestro Micera10 Instantaneous Cross-Correlation Analysis of Neural Ensembles with High Temporal Resolution 183António R.C. Paiva, Il Park, José C. Príncipe, and Justin C. Sanchez11 Unsupervised Decomposition Methods for Analysis of Multimodal Neural Data 199Felix Biessmann, Frank C. Meinecke, and Klaus-Robert MüllerPART III FUNCTION REPLACEMENT (PROSTHESES AND ORTHOSIS) 23512 Brain–Computer Interfaces 237José del R. Millán13 Movement-Related Cortical Potentials and Their Application in Brain–Computer Interfacing 253Kim Dremstrup, Ying Gu, Omar Feix do Nascimento, and Dario Farina14 Introduction to Upper Limb Prosthetics 267Bernhard Graimann and Hans Dietl15 Myoelectric Prostheses and Targeted Reinnervation 291Levi Hargrove, Erik Scheme, and Kevin Englehart16 Controlling Prostheses Using PNS Invasive Interfaces for Amputees 311Jacopo Carpaneto, Luca Citi, Stanisa Raspopovic, Jacopo Rigosa, and Silvestro Micera17 Exoskeletal Robotics for Functional Substitution 327José Luis Pons, Juan C. Moreno, and Eduardo RoconPART IV FUNCTION RESTORATION 34918 Methods for Movement Restoration 351Dejan B. Popoviæ, and Mirjana B. Popoviæ19 Advanced User Interfaces for Upper Limb Functional Electrical Stimulation 377Elaine A. Corbett, Christian Ethier, Emily R. Oby, Konrad Kording, Eric J. Perreault, and Lee E. Miller20 Customized Modeling and Simulations for the Control of FES-Assisted Walking of Individuals with Hemiplegia 401Strahinja Došen and Dejan B. Popoviæ21 ActiGait: A Partly Implantable Drop-Foot Stimulator System 421Birgit Larsen and Andrei Patriciu22 Selectivity of Peripheral Neural Interfaces 433Winnie Jensen and Kristian Rauhe HarrebyPART V REHABILITATION THROUGH NEUROMODULATION 46123 Brain–Computer Interface Applied to Motor Recovery after Brain Injury 463Janis J. Daly24 Functional Electrical Therapy of Upper Extremities 477Mirjana B. Popoviæ and Dejan B. Popoviæ25 Gait Rehabilitation Using Nociceptive Withdrawal Refl ex–Based Functional Electrical Therapy in Stroke Patients 493Ole K. Andersen and Erika G. Spaich26 Robot–Assisted Neurorehabilitation 505Vittorio Sanguineti, Maura Casadio, Lorenzo Masia, Valentina Squeri, and Pietro G. Morasso27 Paired Associative Stimulation 529Natalie Mrachacz-Kersting28 Operant Conditioning of Spinal Reflexes for Motor Rehabilitation after CNS Damage 549Aiko K. Thompson and Jonathan R. WolpawINDEX 571