Richard Waterman is Professor of Political Science at the University of Kentucky. Carol L. Silva is Associate Professor of Political Science and Director of the Center for Risk and Crisis Management at the University of Oklahoma. Hank Jenkins-Smith is Professor of Political Science and Associate Director of the Center for Risk and Crisis Management at the University of Oklahoma.

"Waterman (Univ. of Kentucky) and Silva and Jenkins-Smith (both, Univ. of Oklahoma) contend that presidents, once in office, suffer from the expectations that are created during their campaigns... The real significance of this study is that it provides empirical evidence to substantiate many of the intuitive assumptions that scholars have about presidential popularity and the impact of the presidency on midterm elections."

Richard Waterman is Professor of Political Science at the University of Kentucky. Carol L. Silva is Associate Professor of Political Science and Director of the Center for Risk and Crisis Management at the University of Oklahoma. Hank Jenkins-Smith is Professor of Political Science and Associate Director of the Center for Risk and Crisis Management at the University of Oklahoma.

"Waterman (Univ. of Kentucky) and Silva and Jenkins-Smith (both, Univ. of Oklahoma) contend that presidents, once in office, suffer from the expectations that are created during their campaigns... The real significance of this study is that it provides empirical evidence to substantiate many of the intuitive assumptions that scholars have about presidential popularity and the impact of the presidency on midterm elections."