Peter C. Smith is Professor of Health Policy at the Imperial College Business School. Elias Mossialos is Professor of Health Policy at the London School of Economics and Political Science, Co-Director of the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and Director of LSE Health. Sheila Leatherman is Research Professor at the Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina and Visiting Professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Irene Papanicolas is Research Officer at the Health Economics Research Centre, University of Oxford.

• List of tables, figures and boxes; List of contributors; Foreword Nata Menabde; Acknowledgements; Part I. Principles of Performance Measurement: 1. Introduction Peter C. Smith, Elias Mossialos, Sheila Leatherman and Irene Papanicolas; Part II. Dimensions of Performance: 2. Population health Ellen Nolte, Chris Bain and Martin McKee; 3. Patient reported outcome measures and performance measurement Ray Fitzpatrick; 4. Measuring clinical quality and appropriateness Elizabeth A. McGlynn; 5. Measuring financial protection in health Adam Wagstaff; 6. Health systems responsiveness: a measure of the acceptability of health-care processes and systems from the user's perspective Nicole Valentine, Amit Prasad, Nigel Rice, Sivana Robone and Somnath Chatterji; 7. Measuring equity of access to health care Sara Allin, Cristina Hernández-Quevedo and Cristina Masseria; 8. Health system productivity and efficiency Andrew Street and Unto Häkkinen; Part III. Analytical Methodology for Performance Measurement: 9. Risk adjustment for performance measurement Lisa I. Iezzoni; 10. Clinical surveillance and patient safety Olivia Grigg and David Spiegelhalter; 11. Attribution and causality in health-care performance measurement Darcey D. Terris and David C. Aron; 12. Using composite indicators to measure performance in health care Maria Goddard and Rowena Jacobs; Part IV. Performance Management in Specific Domains: 13. Performance measurement in primary care Helen Lester and Martin Roland; 14. Chronic care Martin McKee and Ellen Nolte; 15. Performance measurement in mental health services Rowena Jacobs and David McDaid; 16. Long-term care quality monitoring using the inteRAI common clinical assessment language Vincent Mor, Harriet Finne-Soveri, John Hirdes, Ruedi Gilgen and Jean-Noel Dupasquier; Part V. Health Policy and Performance Management: 17. Targets and performance measurement Peter C. Smith and Reinhard Busse; 18. Public performance reporting on quality information Paul G. Shekelle; 19. Developing information technology capacity for performance management Thomas D. Sequist and David W. Bates; 20. Incentives for health-care performance improvement Douglas A. Conrad; 21. Performance information and professional improvement Arnold M. Epstein; 22. International health system comparisons: from measurement challenge to management tool Jeremy Veillard, Sandra Garcia-Armesto, Sowmya Kadandale and Niek Klazinga; Part VI. Conclusions: 23. Conclusions Peter C. Smith, Elias Mossialos, Sheila Leatherman and Irene Papanicolas; Index.