John Bell is Professor of Law at the University of Cambridge and is Co-Director of the Centre for European Legal Studies.

• 1. Introduction; 2. The French judiciary; 3. The German judiciary; 4. The Spanish judiciary; 5. The Swedish judiciary; 6. The English judiciary in comparative perspective; 7. Factors shaping the character of the judiciary.

John Bell is Professor of Law at the University of Cambridge and is Co-Director of the Centre for European Legal Studies.

• 1. Introduction; 2. The French judiciary; 3. The German judiciary; 4. The Spanish judiciary; 5. The Swedish judiciary; 6. The English judiciary in comparative perspective; 7. Factors shaping the character of the judiciary.

John Bell is Professor of Law at the University of Cambridge and is Co-Director of the Centre for European Legal Studies.

• 1. Introduction; 2. The French judiciary; 3. The German judiciary; 4. The Spanish judiciary; 5. The Swedish judiciary; 6. The English judiciary in comparative perspective; 7. Factors shaping the character of the judiciary.