Companion to African American History

Alton Hornsby, Jr is Fuller E. Callaway Professor of History at Morehouse College, and former editor of the Journal of Negro History. He is the author of Milestones in 20th Century Black History (1993), and Chronology of African American History (2nd edition, 1997).

"This recent addition to the Blackwell Companions to American History series attests to the maturity of African American history as a discipline and its movement from the margins of academia to its role as a central component of the historical profession ... [It] stands as a useful introduction to the study of African American history and its development. No doubt, students will benefit from this exposure to the breadth of African American historiography."Journal of Southern History"Provide[s] good introductions to the writing on the subject ... just the right balance between historiography and a survey incorporating quotations and illustrations."History“A Companion to African American History is a valuable contribution of original essays. Its comprehensive coverage of themes and topics make this an important volume and essential reading for scholars, students, and general interest readers.”Darlene Clark Hine, Northwestern University “Professor Hornsby has assembled a remarkable array of scholars whose essays tell the story of African Americans from African roots to present day struggles for identity and a place in American society. These exceptional essays illustrating the critical role that race and African American culture played in forming American culture are essential reading for anyone seeking to understand America.”James Oliver Horton, George Washington University

• Notes on the Contributors xAcknowledgments xiiiIntroduction 1Alton Hornsby, JrPart I Africa and Other Roots 31 Life and Work in West Africa 5Augustine Konneh2 Africans in Europe prior to the Atlantic Slave Trade 23Maghan Keita3 The African and European Slave Trades 48Walter C. Rucker4 Africans in the Caribbean and Latin America: The Post-Emancipation Diaspora 67Frederick D. OpiePart II Africans in Early North America 875 Ethnicity, Nationality, and Race in Colonial America 89Jeffrey Elton Anderson6 Not Chattel, Not Free: Quasi-Free Blacks in the Colonial Era 105Antonio F. Holland and Debra Foster Greene7 Africans and Native Americans 121Tiya Miles and Barbara KrauthamerPart III In the House of Bondage 1418 Origins and Institutionalization of American Slavery 143Jason R. Young9 Labor in the Slave Community, 1700–1860 159Frederick C. Knight10 Spirituality and Socialization in the Slave Community 176Jason R. Young11 Slave Rebels and Black Abolitionists 199Stanley HarroldPart IV: Transculturation 21712 The Americanization of Africans and the Africanization of America 219Samuel T. Livingston13 African Americans and an Atlantic World Culture 235Walter C. RuckerPart V: The Civil War, Emancipation, and the Quest for Freedom 25514 African Americans and the American Civil War 257Oscar R. Williams III and Hayward “Woody” Farrar15 Jim Crowed – Emancipation Betrayed: African Americans Confront the Veil 271Charles W. McKinney, Jr and Rhonda JonesPart VI: The Maturation of African American Communities and the Emergence of Independent Institutions 28316 African American Religious and Fraternal Organizations 285David H. Jackson, Jr17 The Quest for “Book Learning”: African American Education in Slavery and Freedom 295Christopher M. Span and James D. Anderson18 The Growth of African American Cultural and Social Institutions 312David H. Jackson, Jr19 African American Entrepreneurship in Slavery and Freedom 325Anne R. Hornsby20 The Black Press 332Shirley E. ThompsonPart VII: African Americans and Wars “For Democracy” 34721 The Black Soldier in Two World Wars 349Hayward “Woody” Farrar22 Identity, Patriotism, and Protest on the Wartime Home Front, 1917–19, 1941–5 364Hayward “Woody” FarrarPart VIII: Gender and Class 37923 Gender and Class in Post-Emancipation Black Communities 381Angela M. Hornsby24 African American Women since the Second World War: Perspectives on Gender and Race 395Delores P. Aldridge25 Striving for Place: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) People 412Juan J. Battle and Natalie D. A. BennettPart IX: Migration, Renaissance, and New Beginnings 44726 Exodus from the South 449Mark Andrew Huddle27 Development, Growth, and Transformation in Higher Education 463Abel A. Bartley28 Identity, Protest, and Outreach in the Arts 476Julius E. ThompsonPart X: Searching for Place 49729 Searching for a New Freedom 499Hasan Kwame Jeffries30 “Race Rebels”: From Indigenous Insurgency to Hip-Hop Mania 512Marcellus C. Barksdale and Samuel T. Livingston31 Searching for Place: Nationalism, Separatism, and Pan-Africanism 529Akinyele UmojaIndex 545