Christoph Knill is Professor of Political and Administrative Science at the University of Konstanz, Germany. Duncan Liefferink is Senior Researcher at the Department of Political Sciences of the Environment at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands

• 1. Introduction and historical overview: the establishment of environmental policy as a European policy domain2. Patterns of regulation3. Central institutions and actors4. Political processes and decision-making procedures5. Typical interest constellations and patterns of interaction6. Making EU environmental policy in practice: three case studies7. Implementation effectiveness of EU environmental policy8. Strategies to improve implementation effectiveness: ‘new’ environmental policy instruments as a panacea?9. The implementation of EU environmental policy in the UK, France, Germany and Spain10. Taking stock: the environmental problem-solving capacity of the EU11. Conclusions

Christoph Knill is Professor of Political and Administrative Science at the University of Konstanz, Germany. Duncan Liefferink is Senior Researcher at the Department of Political Sciences of the Environment at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands

• 1. Introduction and historical overview: the establishment of environmental policy as a European policy domain2. Patterns of regulation3. Central institutions and actors4. Political processes and decision-making procedures5. Typical interest constellations and patterns of interaction6. Making EU environmental policy in practice: three case studies7. Implementation effectiveness of EU environmental policy8. Strategies to improve implementation effectiveness: ‘new’ environmental policy instruments as a panacea?9. The implementation of EU environmental policy in the UK, France, Germany and Spain10. Taking stock: the environmental problem-solving capacity of the EU11. Conclusions

Christoph Knill is Professor of Political and Administrative Science at the University of Konstanz, Germany. Duncan Liefferink is Senior Researcher at the Department of Political Sciences of the Environment at Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands

• 1. Introduction and historical overview: the establishment of environmental policy as a European policy domain2. Patterns of regulation3. Central institutions and actors4. Political processes and decision-making procedures5. Typical interest constellations and patterns of interaction6. Making EU environmental policy in practice: three case studies7. Implementation effectiveness of EU environmental policy8. Strategies to improve implementation effectiveness: ‘new’ environmental policy instruments as a panacea?9. The implementation of EU environmental policy in the UK, France, Germany and Spain10. Taking stock: the environmental problem-solving capacity of the EU11. Conclusions