Civil Wars, Civil Peace

Kumar Rupesinghe is Secretary General of the London-based International Alert, the leading non-governmental organisation working in the area of conflict resolution. IA's primary purpose is to seek and propose constitutional provisions in areas of international conflict, to alert international opinion in areas of potential conflict, mass killings and genocide, to promote human rights, to provide dialogue with a view to ending ethnic conflict and to provide mediation where necessary.Sanam Naraghi-Anderlini is an author and a consultant to the United Nations on the subject of women and conflict. In 2013 she was the gender adviser to the UN Department of Political Affairs' Standby Team of Mediation Experts.

'Invaluable for undergraduates seeking to understand the mysteries of conflict resolution. It should be required reading for everyone involved in conflict and its resolution, from NATO officials to Slobodan Milosevic'

• PREFACE1. BEYOND THE COLD WARFROM WORLD ORDER TO DISORDERPOST-COLONIALISM AND BEYONDTHE RESURGENCE OF RELIGIONPOVERTY, EXPECTATIONS AND STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENTDIFFUSION OF SMALL ARMS AND PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONSTHE HUMANITARIAN CRISIS AND THE COST OF WARA STEP INTO THE PAST: THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE PREVENTION OF WAR BOUTROS BOUTROS- GHALI’S 'AGENDA FOR PEACE'THE U N’S RENEWED ATTEMPTS 'WE THE PEOPLE...'2. CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNAL CONFLICTS WHEN DOES A CONFLICT TURN INTO A WAR? FROM SOCIAL GRIEVANCES TO ARMED CONFLICT ASYMMETRICAL POWER RELATIONS; A TYPOLOGY OF CONFLICT THE CHANGING NATURE OF CONTEMPORARY WARFARE THE INTRACTABLE NATURE OF INTERNAL CONFLICTS 3. FROM EARLY WARNING TO EARLY ACTION THE CONTINUUM OF CONFLICT (3) FROM CIVIL PEACE TO CIVIL WAR SOUNDING THE ALARM - DEVISING A SYSTEM FOR EARLY WARNING INFORMATION GATHERING INFORMATION ANALYSIS RESPONDING APPROPRIATELY FAILURES - LESSONS LEARNT FROM EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS (20) GENERATING EARLY ACTION TAKING ACTION A RANGE OF OPTIONS 4. THE DIPLOMACY CONTINUUM TRADITIONAL DIPLOMACY THROUGH THE AGES COLLECTIVE SECURITY - GENERAL ASSEMBLIES AND PRINCELY LEAGUES THE BIRTH OF MODERN ‘OPEN’ DIPLOMACY THE UNITED NATIONS LIMITATIONS OF THE UNITED NATIONS PITCHED INTO A NEW ERA - THE U N’S RECENT DEVELOPMENTS THE ICRC AND INTERNAL CONFLICT WHAT ALTERNATIVES EXIST? NON-STATE PEACEMAKERS BURDEN SHARING MAPPING A CONFLICT - THIRD PARTY INTERVENTION COMPLEMENTARY INITIATIVES THROUGH CONFLICT PHASES EVALUATIONS AND EFFECTIVENESS 5. TRANSFORMING CONFLICT - BUILDING PEACE TRANSFORMING VIOLENT CONFLICT FORMS OF VIOLENCE WHEN THE CAMERAS STOP AND THE RED CARPET IS ROLLED UP LESSENING THE RISKS OF DIRECT VIOLENCE TACKLING STRUCTURAL ISSUES BUILDING CIVIL SOCIETY CONCLUSIONNOTES AND REFERENCESBIBLIOGRAPHYINDEX