Purnima Dhavan is Associate Professor of History at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition (2011). Heidi Pauwels is Professor Asian Languages and Literature at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of The Voice of the Indian Mona Lisa: Gender and Culture in Rajasthan (2023).

Brilliantly meticulous study of the composite literary traditions of eighteenth-century India with Vali as the pivot. Literary histories of Hindi and Urdu covering this period with such depth, insight and eloquence are rare.

• Introduction 1. Vali Revisited: Tazkirahs and Other Sources2. Circulation of Vali's Divan from Manuscript to Print 3. Fa'iz Dihlavi and Vernacular Experimentation in Rekhtah 4. Abru and the Urbane in Rekhtah5. Vali-Mania: Zuhur ud-Din Hatim and his Network6. Rekhtah in the Provinces: Rajasthan, the Deccan, and Punjab Conclusion Bibliography

Purnima Dhavan is Associate Professor of History at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition (2011). Heidi Pauwels is Professor Asian Languages and Literature at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of The Voice of the Indian Mona Lisa: Gender and Culture in Rajasthan (2023).

Brilliantly meticulous study of the composite literary traditions of eighteenth-century India with Vali as the pivot. Literary histories of Hindi and Urdu covering this period with such depth, insight and eloquence are rare.

• Introduction 1. Vali Revisited: Tazkirahs and Other Sources2. Circulation of Vali's Divan from Manuscript to Print 3. Fa'iz Dihlavi and Vernacular Experimentation in Rekhtah 4. Abru and the Urbane in Rekhtah5. Vali-Mania: Zuhur ud-Din Hatim and his Network6. Rekhtah in the Provinces: Rajasthan, the Deccan, and Punjab Conclusion Bibliography

Purnima Dhavan is Associate Professor of History at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition (2011). Heidi Pauwels is Professor Asian Languages and Literature at the University of Washington, USA. She is the author of The Voice of the Indian Mona Lisa: Gender and Culture in Rajasthan (2023).

Brilliantly meticulous study of the composite literary traditions of eighteenth-century India with Vali as the pivot. Literary histories of Hindi and Urdu covering this period with such depth, insight and eloquence are rare.

• Introduction 1. Vali Revisited: Tazkirahs and Other Sources2. Circulation of Vali's Divan from Manuscript to Print 3. Fa'iz Dihlavi and Vernacular Experimentation in Rekhtah 4. Abru and the Urbane in Rekhtah5. Vali-Mania: Zuhur ud-Din Hatim and his Network6. Rekhtah in the Provinces: Rajasthan, the Deccan, and Punjab Conclusion Bibliography